Fluorescein amidite
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Fluorescein amidites, abbreviated as FAM, are important synthetic equivalents of
fluorescein Fluorescein is an organic compound and dye based on the xanthene tricyclic structural motif, formally belonging to triarylmethine dyes family. It is available as a dark orange/red powder slightly soluble in water and alcohol. It is widely used ...
dye used in oligonucleotide synthesis and
molecular biology Molecular biology is the branch of biology that seeks to understand the molecular basis of biological activity in and between cells, including biomolecular synthesis, modification, mechanisms, and interactions. The study of chemical and physi ...
. FAM is used in the preparation of fluorescein-labeled
oligonucleotide Oligonucleotides are short DNA or RNA molecules, oligomers, that have a wide range of applications in genetic testing, research, and forensics. Commonly made in the laboratory by solid-phase chemical synthesis, these small bits of nucleic acids ...
probes for the detection of the presence of the complementary nucleic acids or primers for
polymerase chain reaction The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a method widely used to rapidly make millions to billions of copies (complete or partial) of a specific DNA sample, allowing scientists to take a very small sample of DNA and amplify it (or a part of it) ...
. Oligonucleotides labeled with fluorescein at one of the termini and with a quencher at the other can serve as
molecular beacon Molecular beacons, or molecular beacon probes, are oligonucleotide hybridization probes that can report the presence of specific nucleic acids in homogenous solutions. Molecular beacons are hairpin-shaped molecules with an internally quenched fluo ...
s. The commercially available 6-FAM version is shown in the figure.


References

{{Reflist Fluorone dyes Spiro compounds