Felix Kirk Zollicoffer (May 19, 1812 – January 19, 1862) was an American newspaperman, slave owner, politician, and soldier. A three-term

United States Congressman The United States House of Representatives, often referred to as the House of Representatives, the U.S. House, or simply the House, is the lower chamber of the United States Congress, with the Senate being the upper chamber. Together they ...

from

Tennessee Tennessee ( , ), officially the State of Tennessee, is a landlocked state in the Southeastern region of the United States. Tennessee is the 36th-largest by area and the 15th-most populous of the 50 states. It is bordered by Kentucky to th ...

, an officer in the

United States Army The United States Army (USA) is the land warfare, land military branch, service branch of the United States Armed Forces. It is one of the eight Uniformed services of the United States, U.S. uniformed services, and is designated as the Army o ...

, and a

Confederate Confederacy or confederate may refer to: States or communities * Confederate state or confederation, a union of sovereign groups or communities * Confederate States of America, a confederation of secessionist American states that existed between 1 ...

brigadier general Brigadier general or Brigade general is a military rank used in many countries. It is the lowest ranking general officer in some countries. The rank is usually above a colonel, and below a major general or divisional general. When appointed ...

during the

American Civil War The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States. It was fought between the Union ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), the latter formed by states ...

; he led the first Confederate invasion of eastern

Kentucky Kentucky ( , ), officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States and one of the states of the Upper South. It borders Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio to the north; West Virginia and Virginia ...

and was killed in action at the

Battle of Mill Springs The Battle of Mill Springs, also known as the Battle of Fishing Creek in Confederate terminology, and the Battle of Logan's Cross Roads in Union terminology, was fought in Wayne and Pulaski counties, near current Nancy, Kentucky, on January ...

. Zollicoffer was the first Confederate general to die in the Western Theater.

Early life and career

Felix Zollicoffer was born on a

plantation A plantation is an agricultural estate, generally centered on a plantation house, meant for farming that specializes in cash crops, usually mainly planted with a single crop, with perhaps ancillary areas for vegetables for eating and so on. The ...

in Bigbyville in Maury County, Tennessee,Eicher, John H., and

David J. Eicher David John Eicher (born August 7, 1961) is an American editor, writer, and popularizer of astronomy and space. He has been editor-in-chief of ''Astronomy'' magazine since 2002. He is author, coauthor, or editor of 23 books on science and American ...

. ''Civil War High Commands''. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press, 2001. . p. 586. a son of John Jacob and Martha (Kirk) Zollicoffer.Adkins, Ray
''Battle of Barboursville, Kentucky''
Morrisville, North Carolina: Lulu, 2008. . p. 17. He was descended from emigrants from Switzerland who had settled in

North Carolina North Carolina () is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States. The state is the 28th largest and 9th-most populous of the United States. It is bordered by Virginia to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, Georgia and ...

in 1710. His grandfather, George Zollicoffer, had served as a captain in the Revolutionary War, and had been granted a tract of land in Tennessee as payment for his military service. Evans, Clement A., ed
''Confederate Military History: A Library of Confederate States History''
Volume: 8. Porter, J. D.; ''Tennessee''. 12 vols. Atlanta: Confederate Publishing Company, 1899. . Retrieved January 20, 2011. p. 346. Zollicoffer attended the local schools and studied for a year at

Jackson College Jackson College is a public college in Jackson County, Michigan. Originally established as Jackson Junior College in 1928, Jackson County electors voted to reincorporate the institution as a community college district under the "Public Act 188 ...

Columbia, Tennessee Columbia is a city in and the county seat of Maury County, Tennessee. The population was 41,690 as of the 2020 United States census. Columbia is included in the Nashville metropolitan area. The self-proclaimed "mule capital of the world," Colum ...

. He left at the age of sixteen, became an

apprentice Apprenticeship is a system for training a new generation of practitioners of a trade or profession with on-the-job training and often some accompanying study (classroom work and reading). Apprenticeships can also enable practitioners to gain a ...

printer, and was engaged in newspaper work in Paris, Tennessee, from 1828 to 1830. When the newspaper closed, he moved to

Knoxville Knoxville is a city in and the county seat of Knox County in the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 United States census, Knoxville's population was 190,740, making it the largest city in the East Tennessee Grand Division and the state' ...

in 1831 and worked for two years as a

journeyman A journeyman, journeywoman, or journeyperson is a worker, skilled in a given building trade or craft, who has successfully completed an official apprenticeship qualification. Journeymen are considered competent and authorized to work in that fie ...

printer at the '' Knoxville Register''. Three years later, he became editor and part owner of the '' Columbia Observer''. Zollicoffer was elected State Printer of Tennessee in 1835.Sanders, Stuart W. ''The Battle of Mill Springs Kentucky''. Charleston, South Carolina: The History Press, 2013. . p. 14. On September 24, 1835, he married Louisa Pocahontas Gordon, with whom he had fourteen children, of whom only six survived infancy. Gordon was the daughter of Captain John Gordon who had fought alongside Andrew Jackson at

Horseshoe Bend Horseshoe Bend may refer to: Places Australia * Horseshoe Bend, New South Wales, an inner city suburb in the City of Maitland in the Hunter Region * Horseshoe Bend Station, a pastoral lease that operates as a cattle station in the Alice Sprin ...

and

Pensacola Pensacola () is the westernmost city in the Florida Panhandle, and the county seat and only incorporated city of Escambia County, Florida, United States. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 54,312. Pensacola is the principal ci ...

. She was a direct descendant of

Pocahontas Pocahontas (, ; born Amonute, known as Matoaka, 1596 – March 1617) was a Native American woman, belonging to the Powhatan people, notable for her association with the colonial settlement at Jamestown, Virginia. She was the daughter of ...

through her mother, Dolly. Louisa Zollicoffer died in 1857. Zollicoffer also edited the ''Mercury'' for a time in

Huntsville, Alabama Huntsville is a city in Madison County, Limestone County, and Morgan County, Alabama, United States. It is the county seat of Madison County. Located in the Appalachian region of northern Alabama, Huntsville is the most populous city in ...

. He volunteered for the army in 1836 and served as a second lieutenant in the Tennessee militia in the Second Seminole War in

Florida Florida is a state located in the Southeastern region of the United States. Florida is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the northwest by Alabama, to the north by Georgia, to the east by the Bahamas and Atlantic Ocean, and to ...

. He then returned to Tennessee and became owner and editor of the ''Columbia Observer'' and the ''Southern Agriculturist'' and in 1843 the editor of the ''Republican Banner'', the state organ of the Whig Party. This brought Zollicoffer into political circles, and he was Comptroller of the State Treasury from 1845 to 1849, as well as

Adjutant General An adjutant general is a military chief administrative officer. France In Revolutionary France, the was a senior staff officer, effectively an assistant to a general officer. It was a special position for lieutenant-colonels and colonels in staf ...

for the state. He was a member of the

State Senate A state legislature in the United States is the legislative body of any of the 50 U.S. states. The formal name varies from state to state. In 27 states, the legislature is simply called the ''Legislature'' or the ''State Legislature'', whil ...

from 1849 until 1852, and was a delegate to the Whig National Convention in 1852, supporting General

Winfield Scott Winfield Scott (June 13, 1786May 29, 1866) was an American military commander and political candidate. He served as a general in the United States Army from 1814 to 1861, taking part in the War of 1812, the Mexican–American War, the early s ...

. Zollicoffer was himself elected as a Whig to the

Thirty-third United States Congress The 33rd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1853, ...

and was reelected as a candidate of the American Party to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1853 – March 3, 1859). During his first campaign, he fought a duel with the editor of the rival ''Nashville Union'' newspaper. He declined to be a candidate for renomination in 1858 and retired to private life. He supported fellow Tennessee moderate John Bell (CU) for president in the election of 1860. Following the

secession Secession is the withdrawal of a group from a larger entity, especially a political entity, but also from any organization, union or military alliance. Some of the most famous and significant secessions have been: the former Soviet republics le ...

of the Deep South in 1861, Zollicoffer served as a delegate to that year's peace conference in Washington, D.C. in an attempt to prevent the approaching civil war. A strong supporter of

states' rights In American political discourse, states' rights are political powers held for the state governments rather than the federal government according to the United States Constitution, reflecting especially the enumerated powers of Congress and the ...

, Zollicoffer nevertheless opposed Tennessee's secession from the Union.

Civil War

Tennessee voters rejected the call for a secession convention in February 1861.Connelly, Thomas L. ''Army of the Heartland: The Army of Tennessee 1861–1862''. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1967. . p. 26. Tennessee Governor Isham Harris soon began to maneuver the state into a position where secession would be inevitable. On May 6, 1861, the Tennessee legislature, urged on by Harris, adopted a " Declaration of Independence and Ordinance." The people were to vote on the ratification of this measure on June 8. A separate vote on the same date would determine if Tennessee should join the Confederacy if the voters approved the measure asserting independence of the State. On May 9, a joint committee of the legislature issued an explanation sponsored by Harris of the military alliance Tennessee had entered into with the Confederacy on May 7.Connelly, 1967, p. 27. During the period between April and July, Harris organized a state army, the Provisional Army of Tennessee. Upon the announcement of the formation of the Provisional Army of Tennessee, Zollicoffer offered his service to the state army.Sanders, 2008, p. 15. Despite only having brief combat experience, he was appointed as a brigadier general in the Provisional Army of Tennessee on May 9, 1861, by Governor Isham Harris.Eicher, 2001, p. 586. On July 9, 1861, Zollicoffer was commissioned a brigadier general in the Confederate States Army. Although the Confederate States Army began to absorb the Provisional Army of Tennessee on July 31, 1861, Zollicoffer's troops were not mustered into Confederate service until the end of October.Connelly, 1967, p. 30. For almost four months, Zollicoffer was in the strange position of being a Confederate Army general in charge of state troops.Connelly, 1967, p. 44. Harris initially tried to sway eastern Tennessee's pro-Union population with a lenient policy and the stationing of only fifteen companies of troops in the region.Connelly, 1967, p. 41. On July 26, 1861, Harris, who was still in charge of the Tennessee state force, ordered Zollicoffer and 4,000 raw recruits to

to be in position to suppress resistance to secession in East Tennessee, appointing him to command the District of East Tennessee. Bearss, Edwin C. "Felix Kirk Zollicoffer." In ''The Confederate General'', vol. 6, edited by William C. Davis and Julie Hoffman. Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: National Historical Society, 1991. . pp. 174-75. Harris was re-elected governor on August 8, 1861, and on August 18, he ordered Zollicoffer to arrest and, if necessary, banish leaders of pro-Union factions from the state, changing his policy from leniency to force.Connelly, 1967, p. 42.

Invasion of Kentucky

Cumberland Gap

In an effort to prevent a Union Army incursion into east Tennessee, Zollicoffer took the initiative and occupied

Cumberland Gap The Cumberland Gap is a pass through the long ridge of the Cumberland Mountains, within the Appalachian Mountains, near the junction of the U.S. states of Kentucky, Virginia, and Tennessee. It is famous in American colonial history for its r ...

on September 14, 1861. Zollicoffer then was responsible for guarding the of Confederate line between Cumberland Gap and

Tompkinsville, Kentucky Tompkinsville is a home rule-class city in and the county seat of Monroe County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 2,402 at the 2010 census, down from 2,660 in 2000. The city was named after Vice President Daniel D. Tompkins who served ...

.Connelly, 1967, p. 15.Sanders, 2008, p. 19. For 71 miles, this line crossed the

Cumberland Mountains The Cumberland Mountains are a mountain range in the southeastern section of the Appalachian Mountains. They are located in western Virginia, southwestern West Virginia, the eastern edges of Kentucky, and eastern middle Tennessee, including the ...

. On September 15, 1861,

General A general officer is an officer of high rank in the armies, and in some nations' air forces, space forces, and marines or naval infantry. In some usages the term "general officer" refers to a rank above colonel."general, adj. and n.". OED ...

Albert Sidney Johnston Albert Sidney Johnston (February 2, 1803 – April 6, 1862) served as a general in three different armies: the Texian Army, the United States Army, and the Confederate States Army. He saw extensive combat during his 34-year military career, figh ...

assumed command of Confederate forces in the Western Theater between the

Appalachian Mountains The Appalachian Mountains, often called the Appalachians, (french: Appalaches), are a system of mountains in eastern to northeastern North America. The Appalachians first formed roughly 480 million years ago during the Ordovician Period. They ...

and the

Mississippi River The Mississippi River is the second-longest river and chief river of the second-largest drainage system in North America, second only to the Hudson Bay drainage system. From its traditional source of Lake Itasca in northern Minnesota, it fl ...

. He retained Zollicoffer as district commander in east Tennessee.Connelly, 1967, p. 87. On September 17, 1861, Zollicoffer sent a force through the

along the Wilderness Road to drive the Union Army from

Barbourville, Kentucky Barbourville is a home rule-class city in Knox County, Kentucky, in the United States. The population was 3,165 at the 2010 census, down from 3,589 at the 2000 census. It is the county seat of Knox County. The city was formally established by ...

, relieve pressure on the recently established Confederate line at

Bowling Green, Kentucky Bowling Green is a home rule-class city and the county seat of Warren County, Kentucky, United States. Founded by pioneers in 1798, Bowling Green was the provisional capital of Confederate Kentucky during the American Civil War. As of the ...

and thwart an expected drive by Union

Brigadier General Brigadier general or Brigade general is a military rank used in many countries. It is the lowest ranking general officer in some countries. The rank is usually above a colonel, and below a major general or divisional general. When appointed ...

George H. Thomas George Henry Thomas (July 31, 1816March 28, 1870) was an American general in the Union Army during the American Civil War and one of the principal commanders in the Western Theater. Thomas served in the Mexican–American War and later chose ...

into eastern Tennessee and the Cumberland Gap by forcing him to retain his force in Kentucky. On September 19, 800 of Zollicoffer's men under Colonel Joel Battle ambushed the Union force of about 150 home guards while they were foraging and pushed them out of Barbourville at the minor Battle of Barbourville. Another detachment of Zollicoffer's force under Colonel James Rains dispersed an encampment of Union recruits at Laurel Bridge, Kentucky, on September 26, 1861, while the Goose Creek Salt Works were attacked by a second Confederate unit under Colonel D. H. Cummings, which carried off 200 barrels of salt.Connelly, 1967, p. 88. Zollicoffer's force was essentially on a raid and soon withdrew.Connelly, 1967, p. 89.Daniel, 2004, p. 23. In mid-October 1861, a large part of Zollicoffer's force marched from Cumberland Gap to

London, Kentucky London is a home rule-class city in Laurel County, Kentucky, in the United States. It is the seat of its county. The population was 7,993 at the time of the 2010 census. It is the second-largest city named "London" in the United States and the ...

.Daniel, 2004, p. 23. At the

Battle of Wildcat Mountain The Battle of Camp Wildcat (also known as Wildcat Mountain and Camp Wild Cat) was one of the early engagements of the American Civil War (Civil War). It occurred October 21, 1861, in northern Laurel County, Kentucky during the campaign known a ...

on October 21, Zollicoffer's force was stymied by a prepared Union force fighting on rugged terrain, and he soon retreated into rural eastern Tennessee, which remained rife with Union sentiment.Daniel, 2004, p. 24.

Encampment at Mill Springs

In November 1861, Zollicoffer changed strategy and advanced westward, then back into southeastern Kentucky to strengthen Confederate control in the area just south of

Somerset ( en, All The People of Somerset) , locator_map = , coordinates = , region = South West England , established_date = Ancient , established_by = , preceded_by = , origin = , lord_lieutenant_office =Lord Lieutenant of Somerset , lord_ ...

. He hoped this would put him in a position to be reinforced by Confederate forces from Bowling Green and to drive Thomas's force from the area. Before he moved west, Zollicoffer left forces to guard the Cumberland Gap and three other approaches to east Tennessee. Zollicoffer moved west and established an encampment at Mill Springs, Kentucky, (near present-day Nancy, Kentucky) on the south bank of the Cumberland River. By December 6, he had moved his force to the north bank of the river, where he thought he could better support the supply of his men, build fortifications and keep watch on Thomas's force.Connelly, 1967, p. 90.Daniel, 2004, p. 48. This was a risky tactic because Zollicoffer's men were poorly equipped, ill-trained and ill-disciplined.Sanders, 2008, p. 45. They were not properly prepared to meet the growing Union threat and Zollicoffer's expectation that he would solve this problem by receiving supplies and reinforcements at Beech Grove, opposite Mill Springs, was too optimistic. Many of the men in Confederate service in Tennessee who could have reinforced Zollicoffer remained unarmed.Connelly, 1967, p. 91. Zollicoffer's own reserve force at Knoxville was mostly unarmed.Connelly, 1967, p. 92. Under the circumstances in December 1861, without needed supplies or reserves, Zollicoffer was in no position to move against the Union force. On December 20, 1861, Zollicoffer did not respond to a movement by a force under Brigadier General

Albin F. Schoepf Albin Francisco Schoepf ( pl, Albin Franciszek Schoepf; March 1, 1822 – May 10, 1886) was a Polish-born artillery officer who became a Union brigadier general during the American Civil War. Obtaining professional military training in Aust ...

, who was attempting to provoke Zollicoffer to commit his force to an engagement in the open. Colonel William H. Carroll did not leave Knoxville with his brigade to join Zollicoffer until January 16, 1862. Ultimately, he could bring only a single regiment to Mill Springs, having been ordered to send the rest of his men to Bowling Green.Connelly, 1967, p. 95. Unaware of the situation in east Tennessee and of Zollicoffer's plan, on December 8, 1861, Confederate President Jefferson Davis appointed

Major General Major general (abbreviated MG, maj. gen. and similar) is a military rank used in many countries. It is derived from the older rank of sergeant major general. The disappearance of the "sergeant" in the title explains the apparent confusion of ...

George B. Crittenden to command the district of East Tennessee in order to lead a force into Kentucky.Connelly, 1967, p. 96. Crittenden assumed command of the district, only to find that the ten regiments he expected to find there did not exist. Crittenden retained Zollicoffer as commander of the 1st Brigade in his army. On December 15, Zollicoffer sent word to Crittenden that Thomas had ten regiments under his command. While lingering at Knoxville for two more weeks, Crittenden sent word to Zollicoffer to move back to the south side of the Cumberland River. Zollicoffer now had only two rafts to cross the swollen river which was nearly at flood stage, so he stayed at Beech Grove on the north side of the river. On January 1, 1862, Thomas moved from his camp at Lebanon, Kentucky, to join with Schoepf's troops from Somerset. On January 2, Crittenden arrived at Mill Springs and decided the Confederates should attack Thomas before he could join with Schoepf. The Confederate force of about 6,500 men might have withstood an attack within their fortifications, but Thomas's larger force would have the advantage in the open field.Connelly, 1967, p. 97. Because of the incessant rain and resulting mud, Thomas needed 18 days to move his force and equipment from Lebanon to Logan's Crossroads.Daniel, 2004, p. 50.

Battle of Mill Springs

On January 18, 1862, Crittenden ordered an advance at midnight, while the two Union forces under Thomas and Schoepf were separated by the rain-swollen Fishing Creek. Zollicoffer led the first brigade toward Logan's Crossroads, while Carroll commanded the following brigade. After marching in a driving rain, Zollicoffer's skirmishers attacked the Union pickets south of the intersection of the Mill Springs and Columbia-Somerset roads.Sanders, 2008, p. 46. The

, sometimes called the Battle of Fishing Creek or the Battle of Logan's Crossroads, a three-hour fight in driving rain, fog and the smoke of battle over thickly wooded ground, followed. The untrained Confederates were totally confused in this situation and their organization was lost. Adding to the confusion, some of the Confederates were wearing blue uniforms.Connelly, 1967, p. 98. The 15th Mississippi Infantry Regiment mistook the Union 4th Kentucky Infantry Regiment for blue-clad Confederates. In the confusion, the near-sighted Zollicoffer, wearing a white raincoat, rode into the lines of the 4th Kentucky and began to discuss the problem with the Union colonel, Speed S. Fry. A Confederate aide then rode out of the fog firing at the Union force. Union soldiers returned fire, killing Zollicoffer who had begun to ride away as the incident unfolded. Historian Larry J. Daniel follows some other accounts which claim that Fry recognized and shot Zollicoffer.Daniel, 2004, p. 52. He further stated that Fry, not Zollicoffer, had ridden into the enemy lines and had begun the conversation, only turning upon Zollicoffer when the Confederate aide rode up. Historian Stuart W. Sanders discusses the encounter at the greatest length and also quotes a subsequent account by Colonel Fry.Sanders, 2008, p. 76. He states that both officers rode out from their lines and that Fry initially thought Zollicoffer was a Union officer. Fry claimed to have shot Zollicoffer.Sanders, 2008, p. 77. Other accounts state that Fry also called to a few of his men to fire, although Fry later denied this.Sanders, 2008, p. 78.Sanders, 2008, p. 80 states that after the war Fry took or denied credit for shooting Zollicoffer as it suited him. Many of the old Confederate flintlock weapons would not fire in the wet conditions and Zollicoffer's death caused his demoralized men to start a retreat. Thomas sent six regiments against the weak Confederate flank, causing the Confederate line to collapse and retreat to Beech Grove. Crittenden moved the remaining force across the Cumberland River overnight on a small steamboat and a few barges.Connelly, 1967, p. 99. He left his artillery, mules, equipment and most of his food supply on the north bank. The Union had gained a significant victory and boost in morale, while the Confederates had lost a brave, if unskilled, general, along with about 500 men and the small army's equipment and supplies.

Interment

The Federals treated Zollicoffer's body with respect.Sanders, 2008, p. 113. He was embalmed by a Union surgeon and was eventually returned to Tennessee and interred in the Old City Cemetery in Nashville.Sanders, 2008, p. 115.

Zollicoffer Park

Zollicoffer Park, a Confederate cemetery containing a mass grave of the Confederate fallen, lies just outside Nancy. (There is also a Union cemetery located in Nancy, Mill Springs National Cemetery, the oldest of all National Cemeteries still receiving burials other than

Arlington National Cemetery Arlington National Cemetery is one of two national cemeteries run by the United States Army. Nearly 400,000 people are buried in its 639 acres (259 ha) in Arlington, Virginia. There are about 30 funerals conducted on weekdays and 7 held on Sa ...

.) This public park receives at least two memorial events each year, one on January 19, ("that somber sabbath morn") and the other on

Memorial Day Memorial Day (originally known as Decoration Day) is a federal holiday in the United States for mourning the U.S. military personnel who have fought and died while serving in the United States armed forces. It is observed on the last Monda ...

. There have also been re-enactments of the

References

Bibliography

* Adkins, Ray
''Battle of Barboursville, Kentucky''
Morrisville, North Carolina: Lulu, 2008. . * Bearss, Edwin C. "Felix Kirk Zollicoffer." In ''The Confederate General'', vol. 6, edited by William C. Davis and Julie Hoffman. Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: National Historical Society, 1991. . * Connelly, Thomas L. ''Army of the Heartland: The Army of Tennessee 1861–1862''. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1967. . * Daniel, Larry J. ''Days of Glory: The Army of the Cumberland, 1861–1865''. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2004. . * Eicher, John H., and

, ''Civil War High Commands.'' Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001. . * Evans, Clement A., ed
''Confederate Military History: A Library of Confederate States History''
Volume: 8. Porter, J. D.; ''Tennessee''. 12 vols. Atlanta: Confederate Publishing Company, 1899. . Retrieved January 20, 2011. * McKee, James. "Felix K. Zollicoffer: Confederate Defender of East Tennessee." In East Tennessee Historical Society ''Publications'', vol. 43, 1971. * Sanders, Stuart W. ''The Battle of Mill Springs Kentucky''. Charleston, South Carolina: The History Press, 2013. . * Sifakis, Stewart. ''Who Was Who in the Civil War.'' New York: Facts On File, 1988. . * Warner, Ezra J. ''Generals in Gray: Lives of the Confederate Commanders.'' Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1959. .

External links

Retrieved on 2008-02-13
Tennessee Gen WebOn this date in Civil War history: January 19, 1862 - Battle of Mill Springs (150th Anniversary)Brigadier General Felix Kirk Zollicoffer (1812–1862) C.S.A.
* {{DEFAULTSORT:Zollicoffer, Felix Kirk 1812 births 1862 deaths People from Maury County, Tennessee American people of Swiss descent Confederate States Army brigadier generals Tennessee state senators People of Tennessee in the American Civil War Confederate States of America military personnel killed in the American Civil War Tennessee Know Nothings American people of the Seminole Wars Whig Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Tennessee Know-Nothing members of the United States House of Representatives from Tennessee Deaths by firearm in Kentucky 19th-century American politicians United States politicians killed during the Civil War American slave owners