Federico de Madrazo y Kuntz (9 February 1815
10 June 1894) was a Spanish painter.
Biography
Born in
Rome
, established_title = Founded
, established_date = 753 BC
, founder = King Romulus (legendary)
, image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg
, map_caption ...
, he was the son of
José de Madrazo y Agudo, the painter and former Director of the Prado Museum. Federico's grandfather on his mother side was
Tadeusz Kuntze, a Polish painter. His brothers were
Luis de Madrazo
Luis de Madrazo y Kuntz (27 February 1825 – 9 February 1897) was a List of Spanish painters, Spanish painter of portraits and religious scenes from a well-known family that included his father José Madrazo, José (a painter), and his brothers ...
, a painter,
Pedro de Madrazo
Pedro de Madrazo y Kuntz (11 October 1816, Rome - 20 August 1898, Madrid) was a Spanish painter, jurist, writer, translator and art critic.
Biography
He came from an illustrious family of artists. His father was the painter José de Madrazo y ...
, an art critic and
Juan de Madrazo
Juan de Madrazo y Kuntz (1829, Madrid - 7 March 1880, Madrid) was a Spanish architect and restoration expert.
Life and work
He came from a family of illustrious painters. His father was the portrait painter, José Madrazo. His brothers were t ...
, an architect. Among his children were
Ricardo de Madrazo
Ricardo Federico de Madrazo y Garreta (7 February 1852 – 18 August 1917) was a Spanish painter from the Madrazo family of artists, best known for his Orientalist works. He was also the brother-in-law of the great Spanish Orientalist, Marian ...
, also a painter,
Raimundo de Madrazo y Garreta
Raimundo de Madrazo y Garreta (24 July 1841 – 15 September 1920) was a Spanish painter from the Madrazo family of artists who worked in the Realistic style, although his later work shows signs of Rococo and Japanese influence. He was known pr ...
and
Cecilia de Madrazo
Cecilia de Madrazo y Garreta (20 December 1846, in Madrid – August 1932, in Venice) was a noted collector of textiles. She was married to the famous Spanish artist, Marià Fortuny.
Biography
She was born into a family of artists. Her father, ...
who married the great Orientalist artist,
Marià Fortuny
Marià Josep Maria Bernat Fortuny i Marsal (; es, Mariano José María Bernardo Fortuny y Marsal; June 11, 1838 – November 21, 1874), known more simply as Marià Fortuny or Mariano Fortuny, was the leading Spanish painter of his day, with an ...
. The Madrazo family have been described as one of the most important painting dynasties, who literally dominated 19th-century painting in Spain.
[''Los Madrazo, una familia de artistas: xhibition'' Museo Municipal, 1985 atálogo de la exposición, tapa del libro/ref>
He received his first instruction from his father. While still attending the classes at the ]Royal Academy of San Fernando
The Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando (RABASF; ), located on the Calle de Alcalá in the heart of Madrid, currently functions as a museum and gallery. A public law corporation, it is integrated together with other Spanish royal acade ...
, he painted his first picture, ''The Resurrection of Christ'' (1829), which was purchased by Queen Christina. Not long afterwards he painted ''Achilles
In Greek mythology, Achilles ( ) or Achilleus ( grc-gre, Ἀχιλλεύς) was a hero of the Trojan War, the greatest of all the Greek warriors, and the central character of Homer's ''Iliad''. He was the son of the Nereid Thetis and Peleus, k ...
in his Tent'', and subsequently presented to the academy ''The Continence of Scipio'', which secured him admission as a member "for merit".
While decorating the palace of Vista Alegre he took up portrait
A portrait is a portrait painting, painting, portrait photography, photograph, sculpture, or other artistic representation of a person, in which the face and its expressions are predominant. The intent is to display the likeness, Personality type ...
ure. In 1832 he went to Paris
Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...
, where he studied under Franz Winterhalter
Franz Xaver Winterhalter (20 April 1805 – 8 July 1873) was a German painter and lithography, lithographer, known for his flattering portraits of royalty and upper-class society in the mid-19th century. His name has become associated with fashi ...
, and painted portraits of Baron Taylor and Ingres
Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres ( , ; 29 August 1780 – 14 January 1867) was a French Neoclassicism, Neoclassical Painting, painter. Ingres was profoundly influenced by past artistic traditions and aspired to become the guardian of academic ...
. In 1837 he was commissioned to produce a picture for the gallery at Versailles
The Palace of Versailles ( ; french: Château de Versailles ) is a former royal residence built by King Louis XIV located in Versailles, about west of Paris, France. The palace is owned by the French Republic and since 1995 has been managed, u ...
, and painted "Godfrey de Bouillon
Godfrey of Bouillon (, , , ; 18 September 1060 – 18 July 1100) was a French nobleman and pre-eminent leader of the First Crusade. First ruler of the Kingdom of Jerusalem from 1099 to 1100, he avoided the title of king, preferring that of princ ...
proclaimed King of Jerusalem
Jerusalem (; he, יְרוּשָׁלַיִם ; ar, القُدس ) (combining the Biblical and common usage Arabic names); grc, Ἱερουσαλήμ/Ἰεροσόλυμα, Hierousalḗm/Hierosóluma; hy, Երուսաղեմ, Erusałēm. i ...
". The artist then returned to Rome, where he worked at various subjects, sacred and profane. Then he painted ''Maria Christina in the Dress of a Nun by the Bedside of Ferdinand III'' (1843), '' Queen Isabella'', ''The Duchess of Medinaceli'', and ''The Countess de Vilches'' (1845–47), besides a number of portraits of the Spanish aristocracy, some of which were sent to the exhibition of 1855.
He received the Legion of Honour
The National Order of the Legion of Honour (french: Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur), formerly the Royal Order of the Legion of Honour ('), is the highest French order of merit, both military and civil. Established in 1802 by Napoleon, ...
in 1846. He was made a corresponding member of the Académie des Beaux-Arts
An academy (Attic Greek: Ἀκαδήμεια; Koine Greek Ἀκαδημία) is an institution of secondary or tertiary higher learning (and generally also research or honorary membership). The name traces back to Plato's school of philosophy, ...
on 10 December 1853, and in 1873, on the death of Schnorr, the painter, he was chosen foreign member. Three years after his father left office, he also became Director of the Museo del Prado
The Prado Museum ( ; ), officially known as Museo Nacional del Prado, is the main Spanish national art museum, located in central Madrid. It is widely considered to house one of the world's finest collections of European art, dating from the ...
and president of the Academy of San Fernando
The Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando (RABASF; ), located on the Calle de Alcalá in the heart of Madrid, currently functions as a museum and gallery. A public law corporation, it is integrated together with other Spanish royal acade ...
. He originated in Spain the production of art review
A review is an evaluation of a publication, product, service, or company or a critical take on current affairs in literature, politics or culture. In addition to a critical evaluation, the review's author may assign the work a content rating, ...
s and journal
A journal, from the Old French ''journal'' (meaning "daily"), may refer to:
*Bullet journal, a method of personal organization
*Diary, a record of what happened over the course of a day or other period
*Daybook, also known as a general journal, a ...
s, such as ''El Artista'', ''El Renacimiento'', and ''El Semanario pintoresco''. He died in Madrid.
His brother, Luis de Madrazo
Luis de Madrazo y Kuntz (27 February 1825 – 9 February 1897) was a List of Spanish painters, Spanish painter of portraits and religious scenes from a well-known family that included his father José Madrazo, José (a painter), and his brothers ...
, was also known as a painter, chiefly by his ''Burial of Saint Cecilia'' (1855). Federico's best-known pupils were his sons, Raimundo and Ricardo
Ricardo is the Spanish and Portuguese cognate of the name Richard. It derived from Proto-Germanic ''*rīks'' 'king, ruler' + ''*harduz'' 'hard, brave'. It may be a given name, or a surname.
People Given name
*Ricardo de Araújo Pereira, Portugu ...
.
Selected paintings
Federico de Madrazo - Portrait of Marià Fortuny - Google Art Project.jpg, ''Marià Fortuny
Marià Josep Maria Bernat Fortuny i Marsal (; es, Mariano José María Bernardo Fortuny y Marsal; June 11, 1838 – November 21, 1874), known more simply as Marià Fortuny or Mariano Fortuny, was the leading Spanish painter of his day, with an ...
'' (1867)
Elgrancapitantrasbatalladeceriñola.jpg, ''Battle of Cerignola
The Battle of Cerignola was fought on 28 April 1503 between Spanish and French armies outside the town of Cerignola, Apulia, Kingdom of Naples (now in modern-day Italy), approximately west of Bari.
The Spanish force under the command of Gonz ...
: El Gran Capitan finds the corpse of Louis d'Armagnac, Duke of Nemours
Louis d'Armagnac, Duke of Nemours (1472; Normandy, France – 28 April 1503; Cerignola, Italy), was a French nobleman, politician and military commander who served as Viceroy of Naples during the Third Italian War (1502-1504). He was known for mos ...
'' (1835)
File:Auxilio a unos apestados - Federico Madrazo.jpg, ''Helping the Afflicted'' (1840)
File:Amalia de Llano y Dotres, condesa de Vilches (Federico de Madrazo).jpg, '' The Countess of Vilches'' (1853)
References
External links
{{DEFAULTSORT:Madrazo, Federico de
1815 births
1894 deaths
Artists from Madrid
Spanish romantic painters
19th-century Spanish painters
19th-century Spanish male artists
Spanish male painters
Directors of the Museo del Prado
Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando alumni
Sibling artists