The ''Fasci di Azione Rivoluzionaria'' ( en, Fasces of Revolutionary Action), abbreviated FAR, was an Italian
neofascist
Neo-fascism is a post-World War II far-right ideology that includes significant elements of fascism. Neo-fascism usually includes ultranationalism, racial supremacy, populism, authoritarianism, nativism, xenophobia, and anti-immigration se ...
paramilitary
A paramilitary is an organization whose structure, tactics, training, subculture, and (often) function are similar to those of a professional military, but is not part of a country's official or legitimate armed forces. Paramilitary units carr ...
organization founded in 1946. FAR was the first neofascist group in Italy which led an
armed struggle
War is an intense armed conflict between states, governments, societies, or paramilitary groups such as mercenaries, insurgents, and militias. It is generally characterized by extreme violence, destruction, and mortality, using regular o ...
after the
collapse of the Fascist Regime.
Members
*
Pino Romualdi
Giuseppe "Pino" Romualdi' (24 July 1913 – 21 May 1988) was an Italian right-wing politician who served both the Republican Fascist Party (PFR) and the Italian Social Movement (MSI). He was the subject of frequent rumours that he was the biolo ...
* Cesco Giulio Baghino
* Cesco Giulio Baghino
* Francesco Petronio
* Roberto Mieville
New FAR
The New FAR also known as ''Legione Nera'' ( en, Black Legion) was founded in 1951 in Rome. Its members carried out armed attacks against
Ministry of Foreign Affairs In many countries, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs is the government department responsible for the state's diplomacy, bilateral, and multilateral relations affairs as well as for providing support for a country's citizens who are abroad. The entit ...
and US Embassy in Rome.
Members of the New FAR
*
Pino Rauti
Giuseppe Umberto "Pino" Rauti (19 November 1926 – 2 November 2012) was an Italian fascist and politician who was a leading figure on the radical right for many years, although Rauti was describing himself as a "leftist" and "non-fascist." Invo ...
* Enzo Erra
Italian
traditionalist
Traditionalism is the adherence to traditional beliefs or practices. It may also refer to:
Religion
* Traditional religion, a religion or belief associated with a particular ethnic group
* Traditionalism (19th-century Catholicism), a 19th–cen ...
philosopher
Julius Evola
Giulio Cesare Andrea "Julius" Evola (; 19 May 1898 – 11 June 1974) was an Italian philosopher, poet, painter, esotericist, and radical-right ideologue. Evola regarded his values as aristocratic, masculine, traditionalist, heroic, and defiantly ...
was arrested in 1951 and tried. He was a suspected to be an ideologist of the FAR.
Evola al processo ai F.A.R.
/ref>
See also
* Werwolf
''Werwolf'' (, German for "werewolf") was a Nazi plan which began development in 1944, to create a resistance force which would operate behind enemy lines as the Allies advanced through Germany, in parallel with the ''Wehrmacht'' fighting in f ...
* Right-wing terrorism in Italy
* Years of Lead (Italy)
, partof = the Cold War
, image = Stragedibologna-2.jpg
, image_size = 300px
, caption = Aftermath of the bombing at the Bologna railway station in August 1980 which killed 85 people, the deadliest eve ...
References
Bibliography
* Congolani, G. (1996) ''La destra in armi: fascisti italiani tra ribellismo ed eversione'', Roma, Editori Riuniti
Editori Riuniti is an Italian publishing house based in Rome that publishes books and magazines on the history of socialism, socialist thought, physics and mathematics theory, and the history of Central and Eastern Europe and the Balkans.
History ...
* Rao, N. (2006) ''La Fiamma e la celtica'', Milano, Sperling & Kupfer, {{ISBN, 9788820041939
* Tedeschi, M. (1950) ''Fascisti dopo Mussolini'', Roma, Edizioni Arnia
* Julius Evola, Autodifesa, Roma, Edizioni Fondazione Julius Evola, 1976.
Neo-fascist terrorism
Neo-fascist organisations in Italy
Defunct organisations designated as terrorist in Italy