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Farman Aviation Works (french: Avions Farman) was a French
*
Farman Aviation Works (french: Avions Farman) was a French aircraft
An aircraft is a vehicle that is able to flight, fly by gaining support from the Atmosphere of Earth, air. It counters the force of gravity by using either Buoyancy, static lift or by using the Lift (force), dynamic lift of an airfoil, or in ...
company founded and run by the brothers Richard
Richard is a male given name. It originates, via Old French, from Old Frankish and is a compound of the words descending from Proto-Germanic ''*rīk-'' 'ruler, leader, king' and ''*hardu-'' 'strong, brave, hardy', and it therefore means 'stro ...
, Henri
Henri is an Estonian, Finnish, French, German and Luxembourgish form of the masculine given name Henry.
People with this given name
; French noblemen
:'' See the ' List of rulers named Henry' for Kings of France named Henri.''
* Henri I de Mon ...
, and Maurice Farman
Maurice Alain Farman (21 March 1877 – 25 February 1964) was a British-French Grand Prix motor racing champion, an aviator, and an aircraft manufacturer and designer.
Biography
Born in Paris to English parents, he and his brothers Richard and ...
. They designed and constructed aircraft and engines from 1908 until 1936; during the French nationalization and rationalization of its aeronautical industry, Farman's assets were assigned to the ''Société Nationale de Constructions Aéronautiques du Centre'' (SNCAC).
In 1941 the Farman brothers reestablished the firm as the "''Société Anonyme des Usines Farman''" (SAUF), but only three years later it was absorbed by Sud-Ouest. Maurice's son, Marcel Farman, reestablished the SAUF in 1952, but his effort proved unsuccessful and the firm was dissolved in 1956.
The Farman brothers designed and built more than 200 types of aircraft between 1908 and 1941. They also built cars until 1931 and boats until 1930.
Background
In 1907, Henri Farman bought his first aircraft from Gabriel Voisin and soon began to improve the design of the aircraft; as a result it was known as either Farman I orVoisin-Farman I
The 1907 Voisin biplane (designated the Voisin II by the 1913 edition of ''Jane's All the World's Aircraft''), was the first successful powered aircraft designed by aeronautical engineer and manufacturer Gabriel Voisin. It was used by the F ...
. In 1908, after further modifications which included re-covering it with Continental rubberized fabric and the addition of side-curtains, the aircraft was re-designated Farman I-bis. Ailerons were fitted after Wilbur Wright's flying demonstration at Le Mans
Le Mans (, ) is a city in northwestern France on the Sarthe River where it meets the Huisne. Traditionally the capital of the province of Maine, it is now the capital of the Sarthe department and the seat of the Roman Catholic diocese of Le ...
in August 1908.
A second aircraft, to be called Farman II, was built by the Voisin brothers incorporating design refinements to Farman's specification. Voisin sold this aircraft to J.T.C. Moore-Brabazon, who exported it to England, where it was renamed the ''Bird of Passage''. This episode angered Farman, who in early 1909 ended his association with Voisin and started building his own aircraft.
Aircraft designed and built by Henri Farman had a HF prefix, while examples designed and built by his brother Maurice carried a MF prefix.
List of aeroplanes
* Farman III
The Farman III, also known as the Henry Farman 1909 biplane, was an early French aircraft designed and built by Henry FarmanFarman MF.7 Longhorn (1913)
* Farman MF.11 Shorthorn (1913)
*
The Farman firm designed and built a number of , including:
* 
Farman HF.14
The Farman HF.14 was a French two seat reconnaissance type produced by Farman Aviation Works before World War I.
Design and development
Designed by Henry Farman and built at the Farman factory in Boulogne-Billancourt north of Paris, the HF.14 w ...
- two-seat floatplane (1912)
* Farman HF.20 - reconnaissance biplane (1913)
* Farman HF.30
The Henry Farman HF.30 was a two-seat military biplane designed in France around 1915, which became a principal aircraft of the Imperial Russian Air Service during the First World War. Although it was widely used on the Eastern Front, and by t ...
- two-seat military biplane (1915)
* Farman F.40
The Farman F.40 was a French pusher biplane reconnaissance aircraft.
Development
Developed from a mix of the Maurice Farman designed MF.11 and the Henry Farman designed HF.22, the F.40 (popularly dubbed the Horace Farman) had an overall sm ...
(1915) - single-engined reconnaissance aircraft
* Farman F.30 - fighter biplane (1916)
* Farman F.31
The Farman F.31 was a French fighter prototype of the 1910s, the second foray into fighter design by Farman, a firm more usually associated with bombers. The project was short-lived, lasting only 3 months.
Development
The F.31 was a two-seat fig ...
- fighter prototype (1918)
* Farman F.50
The Farman F.50 was a French twin-engined night bomber designed and built by Farman as a replacement for the single-engined Voisin III, Voisin pusher biplanes in service with the French Air Force.
Development
The twin-engined F.50 flew for th ...
- biplane bomber (1918)
* Farman F.60 Goliath
The Farman F.60 Goliath was a French airliner and bomber produced by the Farman Aviation Works from 1919. It was instrumental in the creation of early airlines and commercial routes in Europe after World War I.
Design and development
The ''Go ...
bomber/airliner, development of the F.40 (1919)
**Farman F.60 Torp - torpedo carrying floatplane version (1920s)
* Farman Moustique - sports, touring aircraft (1919)
* Farman Sport - sports, touring biplane (1919)
* Farman B.2 - light day bomber biplane (1920s)
* Farman BN.4 __NOTOC__
The Farman BN.4, a.k.a. Super Goliath, was a very large 1920s French biplane designed by Farman as a long-range night bomber
A bomber is a military combat aircraft designed to attack ground and naval targets by dropping air-to-groun ...
- long-range night bomber biplane (1922)
* Farman F.80 - basic training biplane (1921)
* Farman F.90
The Farman F.90 was a single engine biplane transport, carrying 6 passengers. It was built and developed in France in the early 1920s. Though it had some competition successes, it was not put into production
Design and development
The F.90 p ...
- passenger transport aircraft (1921)
* Farman F.110 __NOTOC__
The Farman F.110 was a French two-seat artillery observation biplane designed and built by the Farman Aviation Works.
Development
The F.110 was an effort by Farman to produce an artillery observation aircraft normally supplied to the Fr ...
- artillery observation biplane (1921)
* Farman F.51 - maritime reconnaissance flying boat (1922)
* Farman F.120
The Farman F.120 and its derivatives were a family of multi-engine airliners and bombers of the 1920s built by the Farman Aviation Works in France.
Design and development
The Jabiru, which was named after a Latin American stork, was a fixed- ...
- 4-engined bomber/airliner (1923)
* Farman F.140 Super Goliath - heavy night bomber (1924)
* Farman A.2 __NOTOC__
The Farman F.160 A.2 (sometimes referred only as the A.2 from the French military specification A = reconnaissance 2 = two-seater) was a 1920s French sesquiplane designed as a military reconnaissance and observation aircraft. Only one w ...
- observation monoplane (1924)
* Farman F.130
The Farman F.130 was a 1920s French biplane designed by Farman as a long-range day bomber
A bomber is a military combat aircraft designed to attack ground and naval targets by dropping air-to-ground weaponry (such as bombs), launching torp ...
- long-range night bomber (1925)
* Farman F.170 Jabiru
The Farman F.170 Jabiru was a 1925 single-engine airliner evolved from the F.121 Jabiru, built by the Farman Aviation Works.
Design and development
The F.170 Jabiru was a single-engine evolution of the 1923 F.3X/ F.121. In the early 1920s, ther ...
- single-engined airliner (1925)
* Farman F.150 - day bomber biplane (1926)
* Farman F.160 __NOTOC__
The Farman F.160 was a heavy bomber aircraft developed in France in the late 1920s. It was essentially an attempt by Farman Aviation Works to modernise its tremendously successful F.60 Goliath design of the immediately postwar years. Th ...
- torpedo bomber floatplane (1928)
* Farman F.180 __NOTOC__
The Farman F.180 ''Oiseau Bleu'' (en: Bluebird) was a 1920s French biplane airliner. The F.180 was designed to fly non-stop between Paris and New York, but when the crossing attempt was cancelled three aircraft were built as luxury tran ...
- airliner biplane (1928)
* Farman F.190 - civil utility aircraft (1928)
* Farman F.200 - civil utility aircraft (1929)
* Farman F.230
__NOTOC__
The Farman F.230 and its derivatives were a family of light touring aircraft built in France in the 1930s. They were low-wing cantilever monoplanes of conventional configuration, with fixed tailskid undercarriage and two open cockpits ...
- touring aircraft (1930)
* Farman F.250
The Farman F.250 was a small, four passenger single engine low cantilever wing airliner built in France in 1931. The single example built was bought by an airline but was little used, owing to stability issues.
Design and development
The Farma ...
- passenger transport aircraft (1931)
* Farman F.280
The Farman F.280 was a three engine, cantilever wing monoplane designed in France as a mail carrier in the early 1930s. Underpowered and slow, only two were built and briefly used.
Design and development
The F.280 was a relative, though not a ...
- mail plane (1931)
* Farman F.211 __NOTOC__
The Farman F.211 was a French four-seat day or night bomber designed and built by the Farman Aviation Works for the French Air Force
The French Air and Space Force (AAE) (french: Armée de l'air et de l'espace, ) is the air and spac ...
- day/night bomber aircraft (1932)
* Farman F.220
The Farman F.220 and its derivatives were thick-sectioned, high-winged, four engined monoplanes from Farman Aviation Works. Based on the push-pull configuration proven by the F.211, design started in August 1925 and the first flight of the pro ...
- 4-engined high-wing heavy bomber (1932)
* Farman F.1000, F.1001 & F.1002 single-engined, pressurised, high altitude research aircraft (1932-5)
* Farman F.1010
The Farman F.1010 was a small, low-wing, single-seat monoplane ordered by the French government in 1931 to test in flight a large-calibre cannon. This was mounted between the cylinder banks of an inverted V-8 engine.
Design and development
A ...
- experimental cannon carrier aircraft (1933)
* Farman F.1020
The Farman F.1020 was an experimental aircraft built in France in 1933 to investigate the behaviour of a semi-circular wing fitted with unconventional controls. It had a short career and only one was constructed.
Design
The Farman F.1020 was b ...
- experimental aircraft (1933)
* Farman F.270 - bomber/torpedo bomber floatplane version (1934)
* Farman F.300 - airliner (1930)
* Farman F.370 - single-seat racing aircraft (1933)
* Farman F.380 - single-seat racing aircraft (1933)
* Farman F.400
The Farman F 400 was a 1930s French three-seat cabin high-winged monoplane which was designed and built by Farman.
Design and development
The Farman series "400" was a revolution for its builder because it had a thin, cantilever-constructed, h ...
- four-seat cabin monoplane (1934)
* Farman F.420
The Farman F.420 was a twin engine monoplane, built in France in the mid-1930s to compete in a government contest for an aircraft capable of fulfilling bomber, fighter and reconnaissance roles. Two prototypes were constructed but no production ...
- multi-role aircraft (1934)
* Farman F.430 - light transport aircraft (1934)
* Farman F.460 Alizé - training, touring aircraft (1930s)
* Farman F.480 Alizé
The Farman F.480 Alizé was a single engine, two seat, parasol winged monoplane built in France in the mid-1930s. Designed as a tourer and trainer, all Alizés served as training aircraft for government ( Republican) forces during the Spanish ...
- training, touring aircraft (1936)
* Farman NC.470 and NC.471 - six-seat trainer and coastal reconnaissance floatplane (1938)
* Farman F.500
The Farman F.500 Monitor was a 1950s Franco- Belgian two-seat training aircraft.
Development
Farman had earlier produced the Stampe SV.4 under licence, and with the co-operation of Stampe designed a two-seat training monoplane using SV-4 compo ...
- two-seat trainer aircraft (1952)
Cars
The Farman firm designed and built a number of , including:
* Farman 12 CV
Farman Aviation Works (french: Avions Farman) was a French aircraft company founded and run by the brothers Richard, Henri, and Maurice Farman. They designed and constructed aircraft and engines from 1908 until 1936; during the French national ...
(1902)
* (1919–1923)
* Farman A 6 B
Farman Aviation Works (french: Avions Farman) was a French aircraft company founded and run by the brothers Richard, Henri, and Maurice Farman. They designed and constructed aircraft and engines from 1908 until 1936; during the French national ...
(1923–1927)
* Farman NF
Farman Aviation Works (french: Avions Farman) was a French aircraft company founded and run by the brothers Richard, Henri, and Maurice Farman. They designed and constructed aircraft and engines from 1908 until 1936; during the French nation ...
(1927–1929)
* Farman NF 2
Farman Aviation Works (french: Avions Farman) was a French aircraft company founded and run by the brothers Richard, Henri, and Maurice Farman. They designed and constructed aircraft and engines from 1908 until 1936; during the French nation ...
(1929–1931)
Boats
During the 1920s, Farman Aviation briefly dabbled in building airboats (known generally by the French term "hydroglisseurs"). Farman's boat-building followed directly from its aircraft experience. During theFirst World War
World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was List of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll, one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, ...
, Farman-built aircraft engines and propellers from Farman MF.7s were used to build airboats that were successfully used during the Mesopotamian Campaign
The Mesopotamian campaign was a campaign in the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I fought between the Allies represented by the British Empire, troops from Britain, Australia and the vast majority from British India, against the Central Po ...
fought by Britain and her colonial subjects against the forces of the Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University ...
in Mesopotamia (modern day Iraq
Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq ...
). Following the success of these improvised airboats, Britain began ordering purpose-built airboats from Farman and Charles de Lambert's company for use on the Tigris and Euphrates
''Tigris and Euphrates'' (german: Euphrat und Tigris) is a tabletop eurogame designed by Reiner Knizia and first published in 1997 by Hans im Glück. Before its publication, it was highly anticipated by German gamers hearing rumors of a " ...
rivers.
Farman Aircraft began producing civilian airboats in the 1920s. Its first non-military airboat sailed in 1920, though its first civilian airboat for sale was ''Le Ricocheur'' (pictured at right), a closed-cabin prototype capable of carrying 12 passengers at speeds of up to . Farman marketed airboats for use as water taxi
A water taxi or a water bus is a watercraft used to provide public or private transport, usually, but not always, in an urban environment. Service may be scheduled with multiple stops, operating in a similar manner to a bus, or ...
s and as light cargo vessels or patrol boats for French colonial governments, particularly on the Mekong
The Mekong or Mekong River is a trans-boundary river in East Asia and Southeast Asia. It is the world's twelfth longest river and the third longest in Asia. Its estimated length is , and it drains an area of , discharging of water annual ...
and Niger
)
, official_languages =
, languages_type = National languagesfreeboards, and lacked a protective cage surrounding the propeller. Farman's airboats sold for 25,000 to 50,000 francs depending on the model, a price that proved too steep for potential buyers; the company pulled out of the boat business by the end of the 1920s.
A brief introduction about Farman, and links to most of their work
{{Defunct aircraft manufacturers of France Defunct aircraft manufacturers of France
See also
* Société Générale des Transports Aériens — airline initially formed as ''Lignes Aériennes Farman'' ("Farman airlines")References
Notes
Bibliography
* * Opdycke, Leonard E. ''French Aeroplanes Before the Great War'' Atglen, PA: Schiffer 1999External links
A brief introduction about Farman, and links to most of their work
{{Defunct aircraft manufacturers of France Defunct aircraft manufacturers of France