The Fares Scale of Injuries due to Cluster Munitions is an

anatomical Anatomy () is the branch of biology concerned with the study of the structure of organisms and their parts. Anatomy is a branch of natural science that deals with the structural organization of living things. It is an old science, having it ...

and neuropsychological classification method to identify and describe injury scales for victims of

cluster munitions A cluster munition is a form of air-dropped or ground-launched explosive weapon that releases or ejects smaller submunitions. Commonly, this is a cluster bomb that ejects explosive bomblets that are designed to kill personnel and destroy vehicl ...

. It was published in 2013 by Lebanese physicians,

Jawad Fares Jawad Youssef Fares ( ar, جواد يوسف فارس; born 1991 in Madrid, Spain) is a Lebanese medical doctor, researcher and scientist. He was selected for the Forbes 30 Under 30 list in science and healthcare for his contribution to solving ...

and Youssef Fares.

Elements of the scale

Interpretation

The scale assesses the severity of injuries resulting from

based on functional impairment. Due to the polytraumatic nature of the injuries and the damage to multiple systems in the body, the scale stratifies cohorts by exploring the limitation in activity resulting from the

injury An injury is any physiological damage to living tissue caused by immediate physical stress. An injury can occur intentionally or unintentionally and may be caused by blunt trauma, penetrating trauma, burning, toxic exposure, asphyxiation, o ...

. Following a grading system (I-IV): Grade I shows functional impairment of less than 25%, Grade II shows 50%, Grade III shows 75%, and Grade IV demonstrates more than 75% functional impairment. Grading is done after meticulous and conjoint assessment of symptoms and functioning.

History

During the

2006 Lebanon War The 2006 Lebanon War, also called the 2006 Israel–Hezbollah War and known in Lebanon as the July War ( ar, حرب تموز, ''Ḥarb Tammūz'') and in Israel as the Second Lebanon War ( he, מלחמת לבנון השנייה, ''Milhemet Leva ...

, it was estimated that 4.6 million

were released over Lebanese soil, almost one million of which remained unexploded. These unexploded ordnances continued to injure and kill civilians after the war ended. Injuries were polytraumatic and often led to

disability Disability is the experience of any condition that makes it more difficult for a person to do certain activities or have equitable access within a given society. Disabilities may be Cognitive disability, cognitive, Developmental disability, dev ...

and significant neuropsychological effects. Research by

and Youssef Fares led to the development of the ''“Fares Scale of Injuries due to Cluster Munitions”'' to assess injuries based on functional impairment. The scale helped in classifying the wounds of victims and determining the best possible treatment.

References

{{Trauma Medical scales Intensive care medicine Diagnostic emergency medicine Neuropsychological tests Injuries Medical assessment and evaluation instruments

Assessment Assessment may refer to: Healthcare *Health assessment, identifies needs of the patient and how those needs will be addressed *Nursing assessment, gathering information about a patient's physiological, psychological, sociological, and spiritual s ...

Instruments Instrument may refer to: Science and technology * Flight instruments, the devices used to measure the speed, altitude, and pertinent flight angles of various kinds of aircraft * Laboratory equipment, the measuring tools used in a scientific lab ...

Disability