The Far East is a term to refer to the geographical regions that includes

and

Southeast Asia Southeast Asia, also spelled South East Asia and South-East Asia, and also known as Southeastern Asia or SEA, is the geographical United Nations geoscheme for Asia#South-eastern Asia, southeastern subregion of Asia, consisting of the regions ...

as well as the

Russian Far East The Russian Far East ( rus, Дальний Восток России, r=Dal'niy Vostok Rossii, p=ˈdalʲnʲɪj vɐˈstok rɐˈsʲiɪ) is a region in . It is the easternmost part of and the n continent; and is administered as part of the , w ...

to a lesser extent. The term first came into use in

Europe Europe is a continent A continent is any of several large landmasses. Generally identified by convention (norm), convention rather than any strict criteria, up to seven geographical regions are commonly regarded as continents. Ordered ...

Europe

an geopolitical discourse in the 15th century, particularly the

British British may refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * British people, nationals or natives of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories, and Crown Dependencies. ** Britishness, the British identity and common culture * British English, ...

British

, denoting the Far East as the "farthest" of the three "easts", beyond the

Near East The Near East ( ar, الشرق الأدنى, al-Sharq al-'Adnā, he, המזרח הקרוב, arc, ܕܢܚܐ ܩܪܒ, fa, خاور نزدیک, Xāvar-e nazdik, tr, Yakın Doğu) is a geographical term which roughly encompasses a transcontinental ...

and the

Middle East The Middle East ( ar, الشرق الأوسط, ISO 233 The international standard An international standard is a technical standard A technical standard is an established norm (social), norm or requirement for a repeatable technical task whi ...

. Likewise, in the

Qing Dynasty The Qing dynasty, officially the Great Qing (), was the last dynasty A dynasty (, ) is a sequence of rulers from the same family,''Oxford English Dictionary'', "dynasty, ''n''." Oxford University Press Oxford University Pr ...

of the 19th and early 20th centuries, the term " Tàixī ()" – i.e., anything further west than the

Arab world The Arab world ( ar, العالم العربي '), formally the Arab homeland ( '), also known as the Arab nation ( '), the Arabsphere, or the Arab states, consists of the 22 Arab countries The Arab world ( ar, العالم العربي '), ...

– was used to refer to the

Western Western may refer to: Places *Western, Nebraska, a village in the US *Western, New York, a town in the US *Western Creek, Tasmania, a locality in Australia *Western Junction, Tasmania, a locality in Australia *Western world, countries that ide ...

Western

countries. Since the 1960s, East and Southeast Asia (ESEA) has become the most common term for the region in international

mass media Mass media refers to a diverse array of media Media may refer to: Physical means Communication * Media (communication), tools used to deliver information or data ** Advertising media, various media, content, buying and placement fo ...

outlets.Reischauer, Edwin and John K Fairbank, ''East Asia: The Great Tradition,'' 1960. The Russian Far East is often excluded due to cultural and ethnic differences, and is often considered as part of

North Asia North Asia or Northern Asia, also referred to as Siberia, is the northern region of Asia, which is defined in Geography, geographical terms and is coextensive with the Asian part of Russia, and consists of three Russian regions east of the Ural ...

or Siberia instead.

Popularization

Among

Western Europe Western Europe is the western region of Europe Europe is a continent A continent is any of several large landmasses. Generally identified by convention (norm), convention rather than any strict criteria, up to seven geographical r ...

ans, prior to the colonial era, "Far East" referred to anything further east than the Middle East.

South Asia South Asia is the southern region of Asia, which is defined in both geography, geographical and culture, ethno-cultural terms. The region consists of the countries of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri La ...

is sometimes also included for economic and cultural reasons. In the 16th century,

King John III of Portugal John III ( pt, João III ; 7 June 1502 – 11 June 1557) nicknamed The Pious (Portuguese language, Portuguese: "o Piedoso") was the List of Portuguese monarchs, King of Portugal and the Kingdom of the Algarves, Algarves from 13 December 1521 to 11 ...

called

India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi Hindi (Devanagari: , हिंदी, ISO 15919, ISO: ), or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi (Devanagari: , ISO 15919, ISO: ), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in Hindi Belt, ...

India

a "rich and interesting country in the Far East (''Extremo Oriente'')." The term was popularized during the period of the

British Empire The British Empire was composed of the dominions, Crown colony, colonies, protectorates, League of Nations mandate, mandates, and other Dependent territory, territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states. ...

as a blanket term for lands to the east of

British India The Provinces of India, earlier Presidencies of British India and still earlier, Presidency towns, were the administrative divisions of British governance in the Indian subcontinent. Collectively, they have been called British India. In one ...

. In pre-

World War I World War I, often abbreviated as WWI or WW1, also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global war A world war is "a war engaged in by all or most of the principal nations of the world". The term is usually reserved for ...

European geopolitics, the ''

'' referred to the relatively nearby lands of the

Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire (; ', ; or '; )info page on bookat Martin Luther University) // CITED: p. 36 (PDF p. 38/338). was an empire that controlled much of Southeastern Europe, Western Asia, and North Africa, Northern Africa between the 14th ...

, the ''

'' denoted northwestern

and

Central Asia Central Asia is a region in Asia Asia () is 's largest and most populous , located primarily in the and . It shares the continental of with the continent of and the continental landmass of with both Europe and . Asia covers an area ...

, and the ''Far East'' meant countries along the western

Pacific Ocean The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only astronomical object known to harbour and support life. 29.2% of Earth's surface is land consisting of continents and islands. ...

and eastern

Indian Ocean The Indian Ocean is the third-largest of the world's five ocean The ocean (also the or the world ocean) is the body of that covers approximately 70.8% of the surface of and contains 97% of . Another definition is "any of the large ...

. Many European languages have analogous terms, such as the

French

('),

Spanish Spanish may refer to: * Items from or related to Spain: **Spaniards, a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain **Spanish language **Spanish cuisine Other places * Spanish, Ontario, Canada * Spanish River (disambiguation), the name of several ...

Spanish

('),

Portuguese Portuguese may refer to: * anything of, from, or related to the country and nation of Portugal ** Portuguese cuisine, traditional foods ** Portuguese language, a Romance language *** Portuguese dialects, variants of the Portuguese language ** Portug ...

('),

German German(s) may refer to: Common uses * of or related to Germany * Germans, Germanic ethnic group, citizens of Germany or people of German ancestry * For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law * German language The German la ...

German

('),

Italian Italian may refer to: * Anything of, from, or related to the country and nation of Italy ** Italians, an ethnic group or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic ** Italian language, a Romance language *** Regional Italian, regional variants of the ...

Italian

('),

Polish Polish may refer to: * Anything from or related to Poland Poland ( pl, Polska ), officially the Republic of Poland ( pl, Rzeczpospolita Polska, links=no ), is a country located in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 Voivodeships of Pol ...

('),

Norwegian Norwegian, Norwayan, or Norsk may refer to: *Something of, from, or related to Norway, a country in northwestern Europe *Norwegians, both a nation and an ethnic group native to Norway *Demographics of Norway *The Norwegian language, including the t ...

(') and

Dutch Dutch commonly refers to: * Something of, from, or related to the Netherlands * Dutch people () * Dutch language () *Dutch language , spoken in Belgium (also referred as ''flemish'') Dutch may also refer to:" Castle * Dutch Castle Places * ...

(').

Cultural as well as geographic meaning

Significantly, the term evokes cultural as well as geographic separation; the ''Far East'' is not just geographically distant, but also culturally exotic. It never refers, for instance, to the culturally Western nations of

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...

and

New Zealand New Zealand ( mi, Aotearoa ''Aotearoa'' (; commonly pronounced by English English usually refers to: * English language English is a West Germanic languages, West Germanic language first spoken in History of Anglo-Saxon Engl ...

, which lie even farther to the east of Europe than East Asia itself. This combination of cultural and geographic subjectivity was well illustrated in 1939 by

Robert Menzies Sir Robert Gordon Menzies, (; 20 December 189415 May 1978), was an Australian politician who served as the 12th prime minister of Australia, in office from 1939 to 1941 and again from 1949 to 1966. He played a central role in the creation of ...

, a

Prime Minister of Australia The prime minister of Australia is the head of government The head of government is either the highest or second highest official in the executive branch of a sovereign state, a federated state, or a self-governing colony, autonomous region ...

. Reflecting on his country's geopolitical concerns with the onset of

war War is an intense armed conflict between states State may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Literature * ''State Magazine'', a monthly magazine published by the U.S. Department of State * The State (newspaper), ''The State'' (new ...

, Menzies commented that:

The problems of the Pacific are different. What Great Britain calls the Far East is to us the Near North.

''Far East'' in its usual sense is comparable to terms such as ''the

Orient The Orient is a term for the East, traditionally comprising anything that belongs to the Eastern world Eastern world, also known as the East or the Orient The Orient is a term for the East, traditionally comprising anything that belong ...

'', which means

East

; the ''

Eastern world Eastern world, also known as the East or the Orient The Orient is a term for the East, traditionally comprising anything that belongs to the Eastern world, in relation to Europe Europe is a continent A continent is one of seve ...

''; or simply the ''East''.

, the

, and occasionally

might be included in the Far East to some extent. Concerning the term, John K. Fairbank and Edwin O. Reischauer, professors of East Asian Studies at

Harvard University Harvard University is a Private university, private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Founded in 1636 as Harvard College and named for its first benefactor, the History of the Puritans in North America, Puritan cler ...

, wrote (in ''East Asia: The Great Tradition''): Today, the term remains in the names of some longstanding institutions, including the

Far Eastern Federal University Far Eastern Federal University (russian: Дальневосто́чный федера́льный университе́т, ''Dalnevostochny federalny universitet'') is a university A university ( la, universitas, 'a whole') is an educationa ...

Vladivostok Vladivostok ( rus, Владивосто́к, , a=Владивосток.ogg) is the largest city and the administrative centreAn administrative centre is a seat of regional administration or local government Local government is a generic term f ...

Far Eastern University Far Eastern University ( Filipino: ''Pamantasan ng Malayong Silangan''), also known simply as FEU, is a private university Private universities (and private colleges) are usually not operated by governments, although many receive tax breaks, p ...

Manila Manila ( , ; fil, Maynila, ), officially the City of Manila ( fil, Lungsod ng Maynila, ), is the capital Capital most commonly refers to: * Capital letter Letter case (or just case) is the distinction between the letters that are ...

Manila

, the Far East University in

South Korea South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a country in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korea, Korean Peninsula and sharing a Korean Demilitarized Zone, land border with North Korea. Its western border is for ...

, and ''Far East'', the periodical magazine of the Missionary Society of St. Columban. Furthermore, the

United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country Continental United States, primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 U.S. state, states, a Washington, D.C., ...

and

United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain,Usage is mixed. The Guardian' and Telegraph' use Britain as a synonym for the United Kingdom. Some prefer to use Britain as shorth ...

have historically used ''Far East'' for several military units and commands in the region; the

Royal Navy The Royal Navy (RN) is the United Kingdom's naval warfare Naval warfare is combat Combat ( French for ''fight'') is a purposeful violent conflict meant to physically harm or kill the opposition. Combat may be armed (using weapon A ...

Far East Fleet The Far East Fleet (also called the Far East Station) was a fleet Fleet may refer to: Vehicles *Fishing fleet *Naval fleet *Fleet vehicles, a pool of motor vehicles *Fleet Aircraft, the aircraft manufacturing company Places Canada *Fleet, Alb ...

, for instance.

Territories and regions conventionally included in the Far East

{{clear {, class="wikitable sortable" ! Name of

region In geography Geography (from Ancient Greek, Greek: , ''geographia'', literally "earth description") is a field of science devoted to the study of the lands, features, inhabitants, and phenomena of the Earth and Solar System, planets. The ...

and
territory, with

flag A flag is a piece of fabric A textile is a flexible material made by creating an interlocking network of yarn Yarn is a long continuous length of interlocked fibres, suitable for use in the production of textiles, sewing, crochetin ...

flag

Area Area is the quantity Quantity is a property that can exist as a multitude or magnitude, which illustrate discontinuity and continuity. Quantities can be compared in terms of "more", "less", or "equal", or by assigning a numerical value in ...

(km²) !

Population Population typically refers the number of people in a single area whether it be a city or town, region, country, or the world. Governments typically quantify the size of the resident population within their jurisdiction by a process called a ...

Population density Population density (in agriculture Agriculture is the science, art and practice of cultivating plants and livestock. Agriculture was the key development in the rise of sedentary Image:Family watching television 1958.jpg, Exercise tr ...

(per km²) !

Capital Capital most commonly refers to: * Capital letter Letter case (or just case) is the distinction between the letters that are in larger uppercase or capitals (or more formally ''majuscule'') and smaller lowercase (or more formally ''minusc ...

Forms of government A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is ...

Currency A currency, "in circulation", from la, currens, -entis, literally meaning "running" or "traversing" in the most specific sense is money Money is any item or verifiable record that is generally accepted as payment for goods and services ...

Official languages An official language, also called state language, is a language given a special status in a particular jurisdiction (area), country, state, or other jurisdiction. Typically a country's official language refers to the language used in government (j ...

, - !colspan="8" ,

, - , {{flagicon, Russia

Russia Russia ( rus, link=no, Россия, Rossiya, ), or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe Eastern Europe is the eastern region of . There is no consistent definition of the precise area it covers, partly because th ...

Russia

, align="right" , 6,952,600 , align="right" , 8,371,257 , align="right" , 1.2 ,

Moscow Moscow ( , American English, US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐˈskva, a=Москва.ogg) is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia. The city stands on the ...

Moscow

Federal Federal or foederal (archaic) may refer to: Politics General *Federal monarchy, a federation of monarchies *Federation, or ''Federal state'' (federal system), a type of government characterized by both a central (federal) government and states or ...

semi-presidential A semi-presidential system or dual executive system is a system of government in which a president exists alongside a prime minister and a cabinet, with the latter being responsible to the legislature of the state. It differs from a parliam ...

republic A republic () is a form of government A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state State may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Literature * ''State Magazine'', a month ...

Ruble The ruble or rouble (; rus, рубль, p=rublʲ) is the currency A currency, "in circulation", from la, currens, -entis, literally meaning "running" or "traversing" in the most specific sense is money Image:National-Debt-Gillray ...

Russian Russian refers to anything related to Russia, including: *Russians (русские, ''russkiye''), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries *Rossiyane (россияне), Russian language term ...

and
27 other co-official languages , - !colspan="8" ,

, - , {{flag, Brunei , align="right" , 5,765 , align="right" , 417,200 , align="right" , 72.11 ,

Bandar Seri Begawan Bandar Seri Begawan (JawiJawi may refer to: People and languages *Australia: **Jawi dialect, a nearly extinct Australian aboriginal language **Jawi people, an Australian Aboriginal people of the Kimberley coast of Western Australia, who speak ...

AbsoluteAbsolute may refer to: Companies * Absolute Entertainment, a video game publisher * Absolute Radio, (formerly Virgin Radio), independent national radio station in the UK * Absolute Software Corporation, specializes in security and data risk managem ...

Islamic Islam (; ar, اَلْإِسْلَامُ, al-’Islām, "submission

o God Oh God may refer to: * An exclamation; similar to "oh no", "oh yes", "oh my", "aw goodness", "ah gosh", "ah gawd"; see interjection An interjection is a word or expression that occurs as an utterance on its own and expresses a spontaneous feeling ...

) is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic monotheistic religion teaching that Muhammad is a Muhammad in Islam, messenger of God.Peters, F. E. 2009. "Allāh." In , ed ...

Sultanate This article includes a list of successive Muslim state An Islamic state is a form of government A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associati ...

Brunei dollar The Brunei dollar (Malay Malay may refer to: Languages * Malay language or Bahasa Melayu, a major Austronesian language spoken in Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei and Singapore ** History of the Malay language#Old Malay, the Malay language from ...

Malay Malay may refer to: Languages * Malay language or Bahasa Melayu, a major Austronesian language spoken in Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei and Singapore ** History of the Malay language#Old Malay, the Malay language from the 4th to the 14th century ** ...

and

English English usually refers to: * English language English is a West Germanic languages, West Germanic language first spoken in History of Anglo-Saxon England, early medieval England, which has eventually become the World language, leading lan ...

English

, - , {{flag, Cambodia , align="right" , 181,035 , align="right" , 16,245,729 , align="right" , 81.8 ,

Phnom Penh Phnom Penh (; km, ភ្នំពេញ, ; lit. "Penh's Hill") is the capital Capital most commonly refers to: * Capital letter Letter case (or just case) is the distinction between the letters that are in larger uppercase or capitals ...

Constitutional monarchy A constitutional monarchy, parliamentary monarchy, or democratic monarchy is a form of monarchy in which the monarch exercises his authority in accordance with a constitution and is not alone in deciding. Constitutional monarchies differ from ...

, Riel ,

Khmer

, - bgcolor=lightblue , {{flag, Christmas Island , align="right" , 135 , align="right" , 1,843 , align="right" , 10.39 ,

Flying Fish Cove Flying Fish Cove ( zh, t=飛魚灣, p=Fēiyú wān, ms, Pantai Ikan Terbang) is the capital city and main settlement of Australia's Christmas Island. Although it was originally named after British survey-ship ''HMS Flying Fish (1873), Flying-Fish ...

, External territory of Australia ,

Australian dollar The Australian dollar (sign A sign is an object Object may refer to: General meanings * Object (philosophy), a thing, being, or concept ** Entity, something that is tangible and within the grasp of the senses ** Object (abstract), ...

, None , - bgcolor=lightblue , {{flag, Cocos (Keeling) Islands , align="right" , 14 , align="right" , 544 , align="right" , 43.0 ,

West Island The West Island () is the unofficial name given to the cities, towns and boroughs at the western end of the Island of Montreal, in Quebec ) , image_map = Quebec in Canada 2.svg , Label_map = yes , coordinat ...

, External territory of Australia ,

, None , - , {{flag, Indonesia , align="right" , 1,904,569 , align="right" , 261,115,456 , align="right" , 138.0 ,

Jakarta Jakarta (; ), officially the Special Capital Region of Jakarta ( id, Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta), is the capital Capital most commonly refers to: * Capital letter Letter case (or just case) is the distinction between the lette ...

Jakarta

Presidential republic A presidential system, or single executive system, is a form of government in which a head of government The head of government is either the highest or second highest official in the executive branch of a sovereign state, a federated state, ...

Rupiah The rupiah (Rp) is the official currency of . Issued and controlled by , its currency code is IDR. The name "rupiah" is derived from the word for silver, ''rupyakam'' (). Sometimes, also informally use the word "''perak''" ("silver" in ) in r ...

Indonesian Indonesian is anything of, from, or related to Indonesia, an archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. It may refer to: * Indonesians, citizens of Indonesia ** Native Indonesians, diverse groups of local inhabitants of the archipelago ** Indonesian ...

, - , {{flag, Laos , align="right" , 237,955 , align="right" , 6,758,353 , align="right" , 26.7 ,

Vientiane Vientiane ( , ; lo, wikt:ວຽງຈັນ, ວຽງຈັນ, ) is the capital city, capital and largest city of Laos, on the banks of the Mekong River near the border with Thailand. Vientiane became the capital in 1573, due to fears of a ...

Socialist Republic Socialism is a Political philosophy, political, Social philosophy, social, and Economic ideology, economic philosophy encompassing a range of Economic system, economic and social systems characterised by social ownershipArnold, N. Scott (1998 ...

Kip Kip, KIP or kips may refer to: Athletics * Kip (artistic gymnastics) In artistic gymnastics, a kip is a technique that involves flexing or piking at the hips, and then rapidly extending the hip joints to impart momentum. It may be performed in ...

Lao__NOTOC__ Lao may refer to: Laos * Something of, from, or related to Laos, a country in Southeast Asia * Lao people (people from Laos, or of Lao descent) * The Lao language * Lao script, the writing system used to write the Lao language ** Lao (Un ...

Lao

, - , {{flag, Malaysia , align="right" , 330,803 , align="right" , 32,049,700 , align="right" , 92.0 ,

Kuala Lumpur , anthem = ''Maju dan Sejahtera'' , image_map = , map_caption = , pushpin_map = Malaysia#Southeast Asia#Asia , pushpin_map_caption = , coordinates = , su ...

, Federal constitutional monarchy,

Parliamentary democracy A parliamentary system or parliamentary democracy is a system of democracy, democratic government, governance of a sovereign state, state (or subordinate entity) where the Executive (government), executive derives its democratic legitimacy fr ...

, Ringgit ,

, - , {{flag, Burma, name=Myanmar (Burma) , align="right" , 676,578 , align="right" , 53,582,855 , align="right" , 76.0 ,

Naypyidaw Naypyidaw, officially spelled Nay Pyi Taw (; ), is the capital Capital most commonly refers to: * Capital letter Letter case (or just case) is the distinction between the letters that are in larger uppercase or capitals (or more form ...

Unitary Unitary may refer to: * Unitary construction, in automotive design a common term for unibody (unitary body/chassis) construction * Lethal Unitary Chemical Agents and Munitions (Unitary), as chemical weapons opposite of Binary * Unitarianism, in Chr ...

presidential President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) *President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese full- ...

constitutional republic ,

Kyat The kyat (, or ; my, ကျပ် ; ISO 4217 code MMK) is the currency of Myanmar (Burma). It is often abbreviated as "K" (singular or plural) or "Ks" (plural), which is placed before or after the numerical value, depending on author preferenc ...

, Burmese language, Burmese , - , {{flag, Philippines , align="right" , 300,000 , align="right" , 100,981,437 , align="right" , 336.0 ,

constitutional republic , Philippine peso, Philippine peso (Piso) , Filipino language, Filipino and English , - , {{flag, Singapore , align="right" , 722.5 , align="right" , 5,638,700 , align="right" , 7,804.0 , Singapore , Parliamentary republic , Singapore dollar ,

, English,
Standard Mandarin, Chinese (Mandarin), and Tamil language, Tamil , - , {{flag, Thailand , align="right" , 513,120 , align="right" , 68,863,514 , align="right" , 132.1 , Bangkok ,

,
Parliamentary system, Parliamentary democracy , Thai baht, Baht , Thai language, Thai , - , {{flag, East Timor, name=Timor-Leste (East Timor) , align="right" , 15,410 , align="right" , 1,167,242 , align="right" , 78.0 , Dili , Parliamentary republic , United States dollar, U.S. dollar / East Timorese centavo coins, Centavo coins , Tetum and

, - , {{flag, Vietnam , align="right" , 331,212 , align="right" , 94,569,072 , align="right" , 276.03 , Hanoi , One-party state, One-party,

, Vietnamese đồng, đồng , Vietnamese language, Vietnamese , - !colspan="8" , East Asia , - , {{flag, China , align="right" , 9,598,094
, align="right" , 1,371,821,094 , align="right" , 145.0 , Beijing , One-party state, One-party Socialist state, socialist republic , Renminbi, Yuan (Renminbi) , Standard Mandarin, Chinese (Mandarin){{cite web , url=http://www.gov.cn/english/laws/2005-09/19/content_64906.htm , title=Law of the People's Republic of China on the Standard Spoken and Written Chinese Language (Order of the President No.37) , publisher=Chinese Government, date=31 October 2000, access-date=21 June 2013 , quote=For purposes of this Law, the standard spoken and written Chinese language means Putonghua (a common speech with pronunciation based on the Beijing dialect) and the standardized Chinese characters. , - bgcolor=lightblue , {{flag, Hong Kong , align="right" , 1,108 , align="right" , 7,448,900 , align="right" , 6,777.0 , ''Hong Kong'' , Special administrative regions of China, Special administrative region
of the People's Republic of China. , Hong Kong dollar , Chinese language, Chinese,

, - , {{flag, Japan , align="right" , 377,973 , align="right" , 126,440,000 , align="right" , 334.0 , Tokyo , parliamentary system, Parliamentary democracy,

, Japanese yen, Yen , None , - bgcolor=lightblue , {{flag, Macau , align="right" , 115.3 , align="right" , 653,100 , align="right" , 21,340.0 , ''Macau'' , Special administrative regions of China, Special administrative region
of the People's Republic of China , Macanese pataca, Pataca , Chinese language, Chinese,

, - , {{flag, Mongolia , align="right" , 1,566,000 , align="right" , 3,081,677 , align="right" , 1.97 , Ulaanbaatar , Parliamentary republic , Mongolian tögrög, Tögrög , Mongolian language, Mongolian , - , {{flag, North Korea , align="right" , 120,540 , align="right" , 25,368,620 , align="right" , 212.0 , Pyongyang , Juche unitary state, unitarian dictatorship

, North Korean won , Korean language, Korean , - , {{flag, South Korea , align="right" , 100,363 , align="right" , 51,446,201 , align="right" , 507.0 , Seoul , Presidential system, Presidential

, South Korean won , Korean language, Korean , - , {{flag, Taiwan Figures are for Free area of the Republic of China, the area under the ''de facto'' control of the Taiwan, Republic of China (ROC) government, commonly referred to as Taiwan. Claimed in whole by the PRC; see political status of Taiwan.
, align="right" , 36,197 , align="right" , 23,577,271 , align="right" , 650.0 , Taipei , Semi-presidential system , New Taiwan dollar , Standard Chinese, Chinese (Mandarin)

Cities

{{Further, Cities of East Asia, List of cities in East, South and Southeast Asia by population, List of ports and harbors of the Pacific Ocean

Notes

{{notelist

References

{{Reflist, 30em

Popularization

Cultural as well as geographic meaning

Territories and regions conventionally included in the Far East

Cities

See also

Wars

Notes

References

Further reading