Fyodor Ivanovich Kolesov (russian: Фёдор Иванович Колесов) (Uralsk, 20 May 1891 - Moscow, 29 July 1940) was a Soviet revolutionary statesman and party leader, and one of the organizers of the struggle for Soviet power in Turkestan during the

Russian Revolution The Russian Revolution was a period of Political revolution (Trotskyism), political and social revolution that took place in the former Russian Empire which began during the First World War. This period saw Russia abolish its monarchy and ad ...

. He was a member of the Communist Party since 1917.

Biography

Fyodor Ivanovich Kolesov was the son of an employee. He worked as a clerk on the railway in

Orenburg Orenburg (russian: Оренбу́рг, ), formerly known as Chkalov (1938–1957), is the administrative center of Orenburg Oblast, Russia. It lies on the Ural River, southeast of Moscow. Orenburg is also very close to the Kazakhstan-Russia bor ...

, and from 1916 - in

Tashkent Tashkent (, uz, Toshkent, Тошкент/, ) (from russian: Ташкент), or Toshkent (; ), also historically known as Chach is the capital and largest city of Uzbekistan. It is the most populous city in Central Asia, with a population of ...

. From September 1917, he was a member of the executive committee of the

Tashkent Soviet The Tashkent Soviet was a public organisation set up in Tashkent during the Russian Revolution. It was established on 2 March 1917 at an inaugural meeting that consisted of thirty five workers from the Central Asian Railway. It was headed by a t ...

. He was one of the organizers of the Tashkent Rebellion (1917), a delegate to the 2nd All-Russian Congress of Soviets in Petrograd in October 1917, where he was elected a member of the

All-Russian Central Executive Committee The All-Russian Central Executive Committee ( rus, Всероссийский Центральный Исполнительный Комитет, Vserossiysky Centralny Ispolnitelny Komitet, VTsIK) was the highest legislative, administrative and r ...

, as well as one of the organizers of the armed uprising against the power of representatives of the provisional government in Tashkent in November 1917. From November 1917 to November 1918, Fyodor Kolesov was the chairman of the Council of People's Commissars (SNK) of the

Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic The Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (initially, the Turkestan Socialist Federative Republic; 30 April 191827 October 1924) was an autonomous republic of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic located in Soviet Central As ...

, that is, the head of the Turkestan Republic and a member of the Turkestan Regional Party Committee. During this period, he personally commanded the troops that suppressed attempts to create autonomy in

Ashgabat Ashgabat or Asgabat ( tk, Aşgabat, ; fa, عشق‌آباد, translit='Ešqābād, formerly named Poltoratsk ( rus, Полтора́цк, p=pəltɐˈratsk) between 1919 and 1927), is the capital and the largest city of Turkmenistan. It lies ...

(the so-called

Transcaspian Government The Transcaspian Government (1918 - July 1919) was a "Menshevik-Socialist Revolutionary" coalition set up by the Railway workers of the Trans-Caspian Railway in 1918. It was based at Ashgabat, Transcaspian Oblast. Origin Autonomous sentiments we ...

) and

Kokand Kokand ( uz, Qo‘qon/Қўқон/قوقان, ; russian: Кока́нд; fa, خوقند, Xuqand; Chagatai: خوقند, ''Xuqand''; ky, Кокон, Kokon; tg, Хӯқанд, Xöqand) is a city in Fergana Region in eastern Uzbekistan, at the sou ...

(the

Kokand Autonomy kk, Түркістан автономиясы ky, Түркестан автономиясы tg, Мухторияти Туркистонrussian: Туркестанская автономия , conventional_long_name = Turkestan Autonomy , commo ...

), as well as the Revolutionary troops that tried to overthrow the Emir of Bukhara by force in March 1918. The actions of Fyodor Kolesov in the first year of the Civil War were sharply criticized by the prominent Red commander in the

Turkestan Front The Turkestan Front () was a front of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War, which was formed on the territory of Turkestan Military District by Order of the Republic of Turkestan on February 23, 1919. It was formed a second time by the directiv ...

, Yakov Melkumov in his memoirs.Melkumov A. Ya. Turkestanians. - M.: Military Publishing House, 1960. - P. 11-30. — p. 269 — (War memoirs). He further participated in the

Russian Civil War , date = October Revolution, 7 November 1917 – Yakut revolt, 16 June 1923{{Efn, The main phase ended on 25 October 1922. Revolt against the Bolsheviks continued Basmachi movement, in Central Asia and Tungus Republic, the Far East th ...

in 1918–20 as a political commissar. He was also a delegate to the 8th Congress of the Russian Communist Party in 1919. In 1923 - 1928, F.I. Kolesov was chairman of the Supreme Economic Council of the Far East, a member of the Dalrevkom (''Far Eastern Revolutionary Committee'') and a member of the

Gomel Gomel (russian: Гомель, ) or Homiel ( be, Гомель, ) is the administrative centre of Gomel Region and the second-largest city in Belarus with 526,872 inhabitants (2015 census). Etymology There are at least six narratives of the ori ...

Provincial Executive Committee. In 1929 - 1933 he studied at the

Moscow Architectural Institute Moscow Architectural Institute (State Academy) - MArchI (russian: Московский Архитектурный Институт (Государственная Академия) - МАрхИ) is a famous architecture school located in Moscow, ...

and after graduating, worked as an architect. He wrote his memoirs about the Bukharan Revolution, about his prominent role in the establishment of Soviet power in Uzbekistan and Turkestan. He died on 29 July 1940 in his apartment in Moscow. By decision of the Secretariat of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, he was buried at the

Novodevichy Cemetery Novodevichy Cemetery ( rus, Новоде́вичье кла́дбище, Novodevichye kladbishche) is a cemetery in Moscow. It lies next to the southern wall of the 16th-century Novodevichy Convent, which is the city's third most popular tourist ...

as an “Honored Revolutionary” (row 51, place 26). Taking into account Kolesov's important personal role in establishing Soviet power in Central Asia, an honorary rifle salvo was fired at the funeral.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kolesov, Fyodor 1891 births 1940 deaths Revolutionaries of the Russian Revolution Burials at Novodevichy Cemetery Soviet military personnel of the Russian Civil War Moscow Architectural Institute alumni Basmachi movement