Fyodor Aleksandrovich Golovin (russian: Фёдор Алекса́ндрович Голови́н; February 20, 1867 – June 3, 1937) was a Russian politician. He was among the founders of the

Constitutional Democratic Party ) , newspaper = ''Rech'' , ideology = ConstitutionalismConstitutional monarchismLiberal democracyParliamentarism Political pluralismSocial liberalism , position = Centre to centre-left , international = , colours ...

(the "Kadets") and was chairman of the short-lived second convocation of the Imperial Russian Duma, which was in session from February 1907 to June 1907. Golovin was born in

Moscow Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million ...

into a noble family on December 21, 1867. In 1891 he began studying law at

Moscow University M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU; russian: Московский государственный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова) is a public research university in Moscow, Russia and the most prestigious ...

. Following his law studies, he began political activities. In 1899 he became a member of the group "Conversation"; in 1903 of the

Union of Liberation The Union of Liberation (russian: Союз Освобождения, ''Soyuz Osvobozhdeniya'') was a liberal political group founded in Saint Petersburg, Russia in January 1904 under the influence of Peter Berngardovich Struve, a former Marxist. I ...

; in 1904 of the Union of

Zemstvo A ''zemstvo'' ( rus, земство, p=ˈzʲɛmstvə, plural ''zemstva'' – rus, земства) was an institution of local government set up during the great emancipation reform of 1861 carried out in Imperial Russia by Emperor Alexander ...

-Constitutionalists; and in the autumn of 1905 he was one of the organizers of the Constitutional Democratic Party. He was an active

freemason Freemasonry or Masonry refers to fraternal organisations that trace their origins to the local guilds of stonemasons that, from the end of the 13th century, regulated the qualifications of stonemasons and their interaction with authorities ...

. Golovin was an energetic participant in party activities, a district leader, and member of the party's central committee. On February 20, 1907, at the first meeting of the Second Duma, he was elected chairman of the Duma by a vote of 356 of 518 members. In the course of its short existence, this Duma tried unsuccessfully to reach agreement of among its various political factions, and in the following

Third Duma The State Duma, also known as the Imperial Duma, was the lower house of the Governing Senate in the Russian Empire, while the upper house was the State Council. It held its meetings in the Taurida Palace in St. Petersburg. It convened four times ...

Golovin was an ordinary member, serving on the Agricultural Committee. After the

February Revolution of 1917 The February Revolution ( rus, Февра́льская револю́ция, r=Fevral'skaya revolyutsiya, p=fʲɪvˈralʲskəjə rʲɪvɐˈlʲutsɨjə), known in Soviet historiography as the February Bourgeois Democratic Revolution and somet ...

, Golovin became Commissioner of all the institutions of the former Ministry of the Imperial Court. After the

October Revolution The October Revolution,. officially known as the Great October Socialist Revolution. in the Soviet Union, also known as the Bolshevik Revolution, was a revolution in Russia led by the Bolshevik Party of Vladimir Lenin that was a key moment ...

, he served in positions of the new Soviet government. On the decision of the

NKVD troika NKVD troika or Special troika (russian: особая тройка, osobaya troyka), in Soviet history, were the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs (NKVD which would later be the beginning of the KGB) made up of three officials who issued ...

of the Moscow region, Golovin was convicted of the charge of belonging to an anti-Soviet organization, and was shot in Butovo on November 21, 1937, at the age of seventy. He was posthumously rehabilitated in 1989.

References

External links

Biography of Golovin at Chronos

{{DEFAULTSORT:Golovin, Fyodor 1867 births 1937 deaths People from Moscow Governorate Russian nobility Russian Constitutional Democratic Party members Chairmen of the State Duma (Russian Empire) Members of the 2nd State Duma of the Russian Empire Members of the 3rd State Duma of the Russian Empire Russian Freemasons Imperial Moscow University alumni People executed for treason against the Soviet Union Russian people executed by the Soviet Union Great Purge victims from Russia Soviet rehabilitations