''Nadere Reformatie'' (Dutch Second Reformation or Further Reformation) is the period of church history in the

Netherlands ) , anthem = ( en, "William of Nassau") , image_map = , map_caption = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = Kingdom of the Netherlands , established_title = Before independence , established_date = Spanish Netherl ...

, following the

Reformation The Reformation (alternatively named the Protestant Reformation or the European Reformation) was a major movement within Western Christianity in 16th-century Europe that posed a religious and political challenge to the Catholic Church and in ...

, from roughly 1600 until 1750.

History

The period and its representatives are known for their desire to apply the principles of the Reformation to their day – their homes, churches, and, indeed, all sectors of Dutch society in the seventeenth and early eighteenth century. In their balance and value of both orthodoxy as well as piety, the ''Nadere Reformatie'' resembles English

Puritan The Puritans were English Protestants in the 16th and 17th centuries who sought to purify the Church of England of Catholic Church, Roman Catholic practices, maintaining that the Church of England had not been fully reformed and should become m ...

ism and German

Pietism Pietism (), also known as Pietistic Lutheranism, is a movement within Lutheranism that combines its emphasis on biblical doctrine with an emphasis on individual piety and living a holy Christian life, including a social concern for the needy and ...

. In fact, Puritanism had much influence on the ''Nadere Reformatie''. Many Puritan works were translated into Dutch during this time. Moreover, many Dutch visiting students learned about Puritan ideas from English universities. The two leading figures of the period are a professor,

Gisbertus Voetius Gisbertus Voetius ( Latinized version of the Dutch name Gijsbert Voet ; 3 March 1589 – 1 November 1676) was a Dutch Calvinist theologian. Life He was born at Heusden, in the Dutch Republic, studied at Leiden, and in 1611 became Protestant past ...

, and a pastor,

Wilhelmus à Brakel Wilhelmus à Brakel (2 January 1635 – 30 October 1711), also known as "Father Brakel", was a contemporary of Gisbertus Voetius and Hermann Witsius and a major representative of the Dutch Further Reformation (known in Dutch as ''De Nadere Ref ...

. Brakel's main work, the '' Redelijke Godsdienst'', an explanation, defense, and application of the Reformed faith, has been translated into English.

Notable figures

*Jean Taffin (1529–1602) *

Willem Teellinck Willem Teellinck (January 4, 1579, Zierikzee – April 8, 1629, Middelburg) was an influential Dutch pastor during the Further Reformation in the Netherlands. Biography Willem was born to Joost Teellinck, a mayor of Zierikzee, and Johanna de ...

(1579–1629) *Godefridus Udemans (c.1581-1649) *

(1589–1676) *

Johannes Hoornbeeck Johannes Hoornbeek (4 November 1617, Haarlem – 23 August 1666, Leiden), was a Dutch Reformed theologian. He was a student and a follower of Gisbertus Voetius, writing with him on spiritual desertion. Like his teacher Voetieus, he was also later ...

(1617–1666) *

Andreas Essenius Andreas Essenius (February 1618–18 May 1677) was a Dutch Reformed theologian, controversialist and academic. He became professor of theology at the University of Utrecht. Life He was born Andreas van Essen in Zaltbommel where he studied Latin an ...

(1618–1677) *Jodocus van Lodenstein (1620–677) *Petrus van Mastricht (1630–1706) *

Simon Oomius Simon Oomius or ''Ooms'' (1 March 1630 – 25 November 1706) was a Dutch reformed minister and theologian. He played an important role in the ''Nadere Reformatie''. He was born on 1 March 1630 in the village of Heenvliet, on the island of Voorne- ...

(1630–1706) *Jacobus Koelman (1632–1695) *

(1635–1711) *

Hermanus Witsius Hermann Witsius (Herman Wits or in Latin Hermannus Witsius; 12 February 1636 – 22 October 1708, aged 72) was a Dutch theologian. Life He was born at Enkhuizen. He studied at the University of Groningen, Leiden, and Utrecht. He was ordained i ...

(1636–1708) *Wilhelmus Schortinghuis (1700–1750)

References

{{Reflist

External links

Sources and History of the Nadere Reformatie
17th century in the Dutch Republic 17th-century Calvinism 18th-century Calvinism Calvinism in the Dutch Republic