''Fundamental'' is the second studio album by Puerto Rican

progressive metal Progressive metal (sometimes shortened to prog metal) is a broad :Fusion music genres, fusion music genre melding heavy metal music, heavy metal and progressive rock, combining the loud "aggression" and amplified electric guitar, guitar-driven s ...

band

Puya Puya may refer to: * ''Puya'' (plant), in the family Bromeliaceae * Puya (river), in Russia * Puya, a variety of Guajillo chili * ''Puya'' (Meitei texts), traditional or mythological texts of the Meetei people * ''Culoepuya'' or ''Culo'e Puya'', V ...

. Released in 1999, it is their first release on an international label ( MCA).

Style

The musical style of ''Fundamental'' encompasses genres such as

thrash metal Thrash metal (or simply thrash) is an extreme subgenre of heavy metal music characterized by its overall aggression and often fast tempo.Kahn-Harris, Keith, ''Extreme Metal: Music and Culture on the Edge'', pp. 2–3, 9. Oxford: Berg, 2007, . ...

, punk rock,

salsa Salsa most often refers to: * Salsa (Mexican cuisine), a variety of sauces used as condiments * Salsa music, a popular style of Latin American music * Salsa (dance), a Latin dance associated with Salsa music Salsa or SALSA may also refer to: ...

and

jazz Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans, Louisiana in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, with its roots in blues and ragtime. Since the 1920s Jazz Age, it has been recognized as a major ...

, as well as

alternative rock Alternative rock, or alt-rock, is a category of rock music that emerged from the independent music underground of the 1970s and became widely popular in the 1990s. "Alternative" refers to the genre's distinction from Popular culture, mainstre ...

and

rap Rapping (also rhyming, spitting, emceeing or MCing) is a musical form of vocal delivery that incorporates "rhyme, rhythmic speech, and street vernacular". It is performed or chanted, usually over a backing beat or musical accompaniment. The ...

. The album has also been classified as

Track listing

All songs by Ramon Ortiz and

Harold Hopkins Miranda Harold Hopkins Miranda (born 1971 in San Juan, Puerto Rico is a Puerto Rican bass player, composer, director and founder of the progressive metal band Puya. Hopkins Miranda is largely responsible for creating Puya's style, a fusion of jazz, sals ...

. #"Oasis" – 3:45 #"Fake" – 4:08 #"Fundamental" – 4:04 #"Montate" – 3:46 #"Whatever" – 4:06 #"Retro" – 4:52 #"Keep It Simple" – 5:00 #"Sal Pa' Fuera" – 3:35 #"Remora" – 2:04 #"Trinidad" – 3:03 #"Solo" – 5:02 #"No Inventes" – 3:28

Bonus tracks

#"Mire Niño" – 5:45 #"Ventana" – 4:35 #"Break It Up" (English version of "Sal Pa' Fuera") – 3:11 *The tracks "Mire Niño" and "Ventana" were available on some international releases of the album which featured slightly different track listings.

References

Notes

* 1999 albums Progressive metal albums by Puerto Rican artists Puya (band) albums {{1990s-album-stub