''Fumaria'' (fumitory or fumewort, from
Latin ', "smoke of the earth") is a genus of about 60
species of
annual flowering plants in the family
Papaveraceae. The genus is native to
Europe,
Africa and
Asia, most diverse in the
Mediterranean region, and introduced to
North,
South America and
Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...
. ''Fumaria'' species are sometimes used in herbal medicine. ''Fumaria indica'' contains the
alkaloids
fuyuziphine and alpha-
hydrastine
Hydrastine is an isoquinoline alkaloid which was discovered in 1851 by Alfred P. Durand. Hydrolysis of hydrastine yields hydrastinine, which was patented by Bayer as a haemostatic drug during the 1910s. It is present in ''Hydrastis canadensis'' ...
. ''Fumaria indica'' may have anti-inflammatory and analgesic potential.
Selected species
There are about 50 species:
*''
Fumaria abyssinica''
Hammar
*''
Fumaria agraria
''Fumaria agraria'' is an herbaceous annual plant in the poppy family Papaveraceae. It is native to North Africa and the western Mediterranean Europe, and has been introduced to Chile, Peru, Ecuador
Ecuador ( ; ; Quechua: ''Ikwayur''; S ...
''
Lag.
*''
Fumaria ajmasiana''
Pau & Font Quer
*''
Fumaria asepala''
Boiss.
*''
Fumaria atlantica''
Coss. & Durieu ''ex'' Hausskn.
*''
Fumaria ballii''
Pugsley
*''
Fumaria barnolae''
Sennen & Pau
*''
Fumaria bastardii''
Boreau
*''
Fumaria berberica''
Pugsley
*''
Fumaria bicolor''
Sommier ''ex'' Nicotra
*''
Fumaria bracteosa''
Pomel
*
''Fumaria'' × ''burnatii'' Verg.
*''
Fumaria capitata
''Fumaria'' (fumitory or fumewort, from Latin ', "smoke of the earth") is a genus of about 60 species of annual flowering plants in the family Papaveraceae. The genus is native to Europe, Africa and Asia, most diverse in the Mediterranean r ...
''
Lidén
*''
Fumaria capreolata
''Fumaria capreolata'', the white ramping fumitory or climbing fumitory, is an herbaceous annual plant in the poppy family Papaveraceae. It is native to Europe, western Asia and northern Africa and naturalised in southern Australia, New Zealand ...
''
L.
*''
Fumaria coccinea''
R.T.Lowe ''ex'' Pugsley
*''
Fumaria daghestanica
''Fumaria'' (fumitory or fumewort, from Latin ', "smoke of the earth") is a genus of about 60 species of annual flowering plants in the family Papaveraceae. The genus is native to Europe, Africa and Asia, most diverse in the Mediterranean r ...
''
Michajlova
*''
Fumaria densiflora
''Fumaria densiflora'' is a species of annual herb in the family Papaveraceae
The Papaveraceae are an economically important family of about 42 genera and approximately 775 known species of flowering plants in the order Ranunculales, inform ...
''
DC.
*''
Fumaria dubia
''Fumaria'' (fumitory or fumewort, from Latin ', "smoke of the earth") is a genus of about 60 species of annual flowering plants in the family Papaveraceae. The genus is native to Europe, Africa and Asia, most diverse in the Mediterranean r ...
''
Pugsley
*''
Fumaria erostrata
''Fumaria'' (fumitory or fumewort, from Latin ', "smoke of the earth") is a genus of about 60 species of annual flowering plants in the family Papaveraceae. The genus is native to Europe, Africa and Asia, most diverse in the Mediterranean r ...
''
(Pugsley) Lidén
*''
Fumaria faurei
''Fumaria'' (fumitory or fumewort, from Latin ', "smoke of the earth") is a genus of about 60 species of annual flowering plants in the family Papaveraceae. The genus is native to Europe, Africa and Asia, most diverse in the Mediterranean r ...
''
(Pugsley) M.Linden
*''
Fumaria flabellata''
Gasp.
*
''Fumaria'' × ''gagrica'' Michajlova
*''
Fumaria gaillardotii
''Fumaria gaillardotii'' is a species of plant in the family Papaveraceae.
Sources
References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q15333356
gaillardotii
Flora of Malta ...
''
Boiss.
*''
Fumaria indica''
(Hausskn.) Pugsley
*''
Fumaria judaica
''Fumaria'' (fumitory or fumewort, from Latin ', "smoke of the earth") is a genus of about 60 species of annual flowering plants in the family Papaveraceae. The genus is native to Europe, Africa and Asia, most diverse in the Mediterranean r ...
''
Boiss.
*''
Fumaria kralikii
''Fumaria'' (fumitory or fumewort, from Latin ', "smoke of the earth") is a genus of about 60 species of annual flowering plants in the family Papaveraceae. The genus is native to Europe, Africa and Asia, most diverse in the Mediterranean r ...
''
Jord.
*''
Fumaria macrocarpa''
Parl.
*''
Fumaria macrosepala
''Fumaria'' (fumitory or fumewort, from Latin ', "smoke of the earth") is a genus of about 60 species of annual flowering plants in the family Papaveraceae. The genus is native to Europe, Africa and Asia, most diverse in the Mediterra ...
''
Boiss.
*''
Fumaria mairei''
Pugsley ''ex'' Maire
*''
Fumaria maurorum
''Fumaria'' (fumitory or fumewort, from Latin ', "smoke of the earth") is a genus of about 60 species of annual flowering plants in the family Papaveraceae. The genus is native to Europe, Africa and Asia, most diverse in the Mediterranean r ...
''
Maire
*''
Fumaria melillaica
''Fumaria'' (fumitory or fumewort, from Latin ', "smoke of the earth") is a genus of about 60 species of annual plant, annual flowering plants in the family Papaveraceae. The genus is native to Europe, Africa and Asia, most diverse in the Medi ...
''
Pugsley
*''
Fumaria microstachys''
Kralik ''ex'' Hausskn.
*''
Fumaria mirabilis''
Pugsley
*''
Fumaria montana
''Fumaria'' (fumitory or fumewort, from Latin ', "smoke of the earth") is a genus of about 60 species of annual flowering plants in the family Papaveraceae. The genus is native to Europe, Africa and Asia, most diverse in the Mediterranean r ...
''
J.A.Schmidt
*''
Fumaria munbyi
''Fumaria'' (fumitory or fumewort, from Latin ', "smoke of the earth") is a genus of about 60 species of annual flowering plants in the family Papaveraceae. The genus is native to Europe, Africa and Asia, most diverse in the Mediterranean r ...
''
Boiss. & Reut.
*''
Fumaria muralis
''Fumaria muralis'', known as common ramping-fumitory or wall fumitory, is a flowering herbaceous plant in the poppy family (Papaveraceae) native to western Europe and northwestern Africa.
Description
''Fumaria muralis'' is a delicate annual pl ...
''
Sond. ''ex'' W.D.J.Koch
*''
Fumaria normanii
''Fumaria'' (fumitory or fumewort, from Latin ', "smoke of the earth") is a genus of about 60 species of annual flowering plants in the family Papaveraceae. The genus is native to Europe, Africa and Asia, most diverse in the Mediterranean r ...
''
Pugsley
*''
Fumaria occidentalis
''Fumaria occidentalis'', the western ramping-fumitory, is a species of flowering plant in the genus ''Fumaria'' that is endemic to Cornwall. It is the largest of the British fumitories, and was discovered in 1904.
Distribution
''Fumaria occide ...
''
Pugsley
*''
Fumaria officinalis''
L.
*''
Fumaria ouezzanensis''
Pugsley
*''
Fumaria parviflora
''Fumaria parviflora'' is a species of flowering plant known by the common names fineleaf fumitory, fine-leaved fumitory and Indian fumitory. It is native to Europe, Asia, and Africa, but it is common and widely distributed in many other parts of ...
''
Lam.
*''
Fumaria petteri
''Fumaria'' (fumitory or fumewort, from Latin ', "smoke of the earth") is a genus of about 60 species of annual flowering plants in the family Papaveraceae. The genus is native to Europe, Africa and Asia, most diverse in the Mediterranean r ...
''
Rchb.
*''
Fumaria platycarpa
''Fumaria'' (fumitory or fumewort, from Latin ', "smoke of the earth") is a genus of about 60 species of annual flowering plants in the family Papaveraceae. The genus is native to Europe, Africa and Asia, most diverse in the Mediterranean r ...
''
Lidén
*''
Fumaria pugsleyana
''Fumaria'' (fumitory or fumewort, from Latin ', "smoke of the earth") is a genus of about 60 species of annual flowering plants in the family Papaveraceae. The genus is native to Europe, Africa and Asia, most diverse in the Mediterranean r ...
''
(Pugsley) Lidén
*''
Fumaria purpurea''
Pugsley
*''
Fumaria ragusina''
(Pugsley) Pugsley
*''
Fumaria reuteri
''Fumaria'' (fumitory or fumewort, from Latin ', "smoke of the earth") is a genus of about 60 species of annual flowering plants in the family Papaveraceae. The genus is native to Europe, Africa and Asia, most diverse in the Mediterranean r ...
''
Boiss.
*''
Fumaria rifana
''Fumaria'' (fumitory or fumewort, from Latin ', "smoke of the earth") is a genus of about 60 species of annual flowering plants in the family Papaveraceae. The genus is native to Europe, Africa and Asia, most diverse in the Mediterranean r ...
''
Lidén
*''
Fumaria rostellata
''Fumaria'' (fumitory or fumewort, from Latin ', "smoke of the earth") is a genus of about 60 species of annual flowering plants in the family Papaveraceae. The genus is native to Europe, Africa and Asia, most diverse in the Mediterranean r ...
''
Knaf
*''
Fumaria rupestris
''Fumaria'' (fumitory or fumewort, from Latin ', "smoke of the earth") is a genus of about 60 species of annual flowering plants in the family Papaveraceae. The genus is native to Europe, Africa and Asia, most diverse in the Mediterranean r ...
''
Boiss. & Reut.
*''
Fumaria schleicheri
''Fumaria schleicheri'' is a species of annual herb in the family Papaveraceae. They have a self-supporting growth form and have simple, broad leaves. Individuals can grow to 19 cm.
Sources
References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q164410
schl ...
''
Soy.-Will.
*''
Fumaria schrammii
''Fumaria'' (fumitory or fumewort, from Latin ', "smoke of the earth") is a genus of about 60 species of annual flowering plants in the family Papaveraceae. The genus is native to Europe, Africa and Asia, most diverse in the Mediterranean r ...
''
Velen.
*''
Fumaria segetalis
''Fumaria'' (fumitory or fumewort, from Latin ', "smoke of the earth") is a genus of about 60 species of annual flowering plants in the family Papaveraceae. The genus is native to Europe, Africa and Asia, most diverse in the Mediterranean r ...
''
(Hammar) Cout.
*''
Fumaria sepium
''Fumaria'' (fumitory or fumewort, from Latin ', "smoke of the earth") is a genus of about 60 species of annual flowering plants in the family Papaveraceae. The genus is native to Europe, Africa and Asia, most diverse in the Mediterranean r ...
''
Boiss. & Reut.
*''
Fumaria skottsbergii
''Fumaria'' (fumitory or fumewort, from Latin ', "smoke of the earth") is a genus of about 60 species of annual flowering plants in the family Papaveraceae. The genus is native to Europe, Africa and Asia, most diverse in the Mediterranean r ...
''
Lidén
*''
Fumaria vaillantii
''Fumaria vaillantii'', or earthsmoke, is a species of perennial herb in the family Papaveraceae. They have a self-supporting growth form and simple, broad leaves. Individuals can grow to 28 cm.
Sources
References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q ...
''
Loisel.
References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q157496
Papaveraceae genera