The fulvous wren (''Cinnycerthia fulva'') is a species of
bird
Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class Aves (), characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweig ...
in the family
Troglodytidae. It is found in
Bolivia and
Peru
, image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg
, image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg
, other_symbol = Great Seal of the State
, other_symbol_type = National seal
, national_motto = "Firm and Happy f ...
.
Taxonomy and systematics
The fulvous wren was formerly considered a
subspecies of ''Cinnycerthia peruana'', which at that time was called sepia-brown wren and is now called
Peruvian wren
The Peruvian wren (''Cinnycerthia peruana'') is a species of bird in the family Troglodytidae. It is endemic Peru.
Taxonomy and systematics
What is now the Peruvian wren was formerly called sepia-brown wren and at that time included as subsp ...
. Fulvous wren, Peruvian wren, and what is now called
sepia-brown wren
The sepia-brown wren or Sharpe's wren (''Cinnycerthia olivascens'') is a species of bird in the family Troglodytidae. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, S. M. Billerman, T. A. Fredericks, ...
(''C. olivascens'') form a superspecies.
[Kroodsma, D. E. and D. Brewer (2020). Fulvous Wren (''Cinnycerthia fulva''), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.fulwre1.01 retrieved June 2, 2021][Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, J. F. Pacheco, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 23 May 2021. A classification of the bird species of South America. American Ornithological Society. https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm retrieved May 24, 2021]
The fulvous wren has three subspecies, the nominate ''Cinnycerthia fulva fulva'', ''C. f. fitzpatricki'', and ''C. f. gravesi''.
[
]
Description
The fulvous wren is long; male weights average and female weights . The nominate adults have a reddish brown crown and back that is redder on the rump. They have a buff supercilium, a dull brown eye stripe, and buffy cinnamon cheeks. The tail is also reddish brown, and has narrow blackish bars crossing it. The throat is buffy white, the chest buffy cinnamon darkening to reddish brown on the flanks and belly. ''C. f. fitzpatricki'' has a darker crown and a lighter supercilium than the nominate. ''C. f. gravesi'' has a whitish supercilium and its underparts are paler than those of the nominate. The immature is similar to the nominate adult but its crown is grayish.[
]
Distribution and habitat
The nominate fulvous wren is found in the eastern Andes of Peru, primarily in the Department of Cuzco
Cusco, also spelled Cuzco (; qu, Qusqu suyu ), is a department and region in Peru and is the fourth largest department in the country, after Madre de Dios, Ucayali, and Loreto. It borders the departments of Ucayali on the north; Madre de D ...
. ''C. f. fitzpatricki'' is found in the Vilcabamba mountain range, which is also in Cuzco. ''C. f. gravesi'' is found from southern Peru's Department of Puno
Puno () is a department and region in southeastern Peru. It is the fifth largest department in Peru, after Cuzco, Madre de Dios, Ucayali, and Loreto. It is bordered by Bolivia on the east, the departments of Madre de Dios on the north, Cusc ...
south to central Bolivia's Cochabamba Department
Cochabamba ( ay, Quchapampa Jach'a Suyu, es, Departamento de Cochabamba , qu, Quchapampa Suyu), from Quechua ''qucha'' or ''qhucha'', meaning "lake", ''pampa'' meaning "plain", is one of the nine departments of Bolivia. It is known to be the ...
. The species inhabits wet montane forest
Montane ecosystems are found on the slopes of mountains. The alpine climate in these regions strongly affects the ecosystem because temperatures fall as elevation increases, causing the ecosystem to stratify. This stratification is a crucial ...
between .[
]
Behavior
Feeding
The fulvous wren forages on the ground and in low vegetation, often in small flocks. Its diet has not been described.[
]
Breeding
Virtually nothing is known about the fulvous wren's breeding phenology except that birds in breeding condition were documented in January in Bolivia.[
]
Vocalization
The fulvous wren's song and calls have not been formally described.[ An example of each from Xeno-canto ar]
an
Status
The IUCN has assessed the fulvous wren as being of Least Concern. "The global population size has not been quantified, but the species is described as fairly common at some locations, although generally poorly known".[
]
References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q3313748
fulvous wren
Birds of the Bolivian Andes
Birds of the Peruvian Andes
fulvous wren
fulvous wren
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot