''Fulgoraria (Fulgoraria) rupestris'', common name the Asian flame volute, is a

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...

sea snail Sea snail is a common name for slow-moving marine gastropod molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguished from snails primarily by the ...

, a marine

gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. T ...

mollusk Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is e ...

in the

family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...

Volutidae, the volutes.

Subspecies

* ''Fulgoraria (Fulgoraria) rupestris politohumerosa'' Shikama, 1968 * ''Fulgoraria (Fulgoraria) rupestris rupestris'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Fulgoraria (Fulgoraria) rupestris thachi'' Bail & Chino, 2010 * The ''forma'' ''Fulgoraria (Fulgoraria) rupestris'' f. ''aurantia'' Shikama & Kosuge, 1970 is a synonym of ''Fulgoraria (Fulgoraria) rupestris rupestris'' (Gmelin, 1791)

Distribution

This marine species occurs in the demersal zone off

Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...

Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the nort ...

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...

and

Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making i ...

Description

The size of an adult shell varies between 70 mm and 146 mm. The oblong-fusiform shell has a yellowish flesh-color, with zigzagged longitudinal chestnut lines. The

spire A spire is a tall, slender, pointed structure on top of a roof of a building or tower, especially at the summit of church steeples. A spire may have a square, circular, or polygonal plan, with a roughly conical or pyramidal shape. Spires are ...

is moderately elongated, terminating in a papillary summit with the apex lateral, instead of central and vertical as usual in spiral shells. The surface is plicate longitudinally, crossed by engraved revolving lines. There are six or seven columellar plaits. The outer lip is thickened within, its margin slightly crenulate. The interior of the

aperture In optics, an aperture is a hole or an opening through which light travels. More specifically, the aperture and focal length of an optical system determine the cone angle of a bundle of rays that come to a focus in the image plane. An opt ...

has also a flesh-color.T Shikam
System and Evolution of Japanese Fulgorarid Gastropoda
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Lyfe cycle

Embryos develop into free-swimming planktonic marine larvae (

trocophore A trochophore (; also spelled trocophore) is a type of free-swimming planktonic marine larva with several bands of cilia. By moving their cilia rapidly, they make a water eddy, to control their movement, and to bring their food closer, to captu ...

) and later into juvenile

veligers A veliger is the planktonic larva of many kinds of sea snails and freshwater snails, as well as most bivalve molluscs (clams) and tusk shells. Description The veliger is the characteristic larva of the gastropod, bivalve and scaphopod tax ...

Bibliography

* Bail, P & Poppe, G. T. 2001. ''A conchological iconography: a taxonomic introduction of the recent Volutidae''. Hackenheim-Conchbook, 30 pp, 5 pl. (updated October 2008 for WoRMS) * Bail P. & Chino M. (2010) ''The family Volutidae. The endemic Far East Asian subfamily Fulgorariinae Pilsbry & Olsson, 1954: A revision of the Recent species''. A conchological iconography (G.T. Poppe & K. Groh, eds). Hackenheim: Conchbooks. * Hsi-Jen Tao - Shells of Taiwan Illustrated in Colour * Harald Douté, M. A. Fontana Angioy - Volutes, The Doute collection * Ngoc-Thach Nguyên - Shells of Vietnam * Okutani, T. (ed.), Marine Mollusks in Japan. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, 519-521 (in Japanese)

References

External links

Gmelin J.F. (1791). Vermes. In: Gmelin J.F. (Ed.) Caroli a Linnaei Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Ed. 13. Tome 1(6). G.E. Beer, Lipsiae eipzig">Gmelin J.F. (1791). Vermes. In: Gmelin J.F. (Ed.) Caroli a Linnaei Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Ed. 13. Tome 1(6). G.E. Beer, Lipsiae [Leipzig
pp. 3021-3910.
Schumacher C.F. (1817). Essai d'un nouveau système des habitations des vers testacés. Schultz, Copenghagen. iv + 288 pp., 22 pls

Encyclopedia of life

Biolib
{{DEFAULTSORT:Fulgoraria rupestris rupestris Gastropods described in 1791">Fulgoraria">rupestris Gastropods described in 1791 Taxa named by Johann Friedrich Gmelin