es, fuenterribense
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Basque
Basque may refer to:
* Basques, an ethnic group of Spain and France
* Basque language, their language
Places
* Basque Country (greater region), the homeland of the Basque people with parts in both Spain and France
* Basque Country (autonomous co ...
,
Spanish
Spanish might refer to:
* Items from or related to Spain:
**Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain
**Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many Latin American countries
**Spanish cuisine
Other places
* Spanish, Ontario, Can ...
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CET
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CEST CEST or cest may refer to:
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Postal code
A postal code (also known locally in various English-speaking countries throughout the world as a postcode, post code, PIN or ZIP Code) is a series of letters or digits or both, sometimes including spaces or punctuation, included in a postal a ...
Mayor
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, leader_name = Txomin Sagarzazu
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EAJ-PNV
The Basque Nationalist Party (, EAJ ; es, Partido Nacionalista Vasco, PNV; french: Parti Nationaliste Basque, PNB; EAJ-PNV), officially Basque National Party in English,) was rejected by party members in November 2011. Nonetheless, the party did ...
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Hondarribia ( eu, Hondarribia; es, Fuenterrabía; french: Fontarrabie) is a town situated on the west shore of
Bidasoa
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The Bidasoa (, ; french: Bidassoa, ) is a river in the Basque Country of northern Spain and southern France that runs largely south to north. Named as such downstream of the village of Oronoz-Mugairi (municipality of Baztan) in the p ...
river's mouth, in
Gipuzkoa
Gipuzkoa (, , ; es, Guipúzcoa ; french: Guipuscoa) is a province of Spain and a historical territory of the autonomous community of the Basque Country. Its capital city is Donostia-San Sebastián. Gipuzkoa shares borders with the French depa ...
, in Basque Country, Spain.
The border town is situated on a little promontory facing
Hendaye
Hendaye ( Basque: ''Hendaia'')HENDAIA Jaizkibel providing a hilly backdrop to the town. A road leads north-east from the beach area to the
Cape Higuer
The Cape Higuer ( eu, Higer lurmuturra) is a cape on the Bay of Biscay standing out at the end of the mountain range Jaizkibel by the France–Spain border in the municipality of Hondarribia ( away from the town centre). The site is home to a light ...
, located in this
municipality
A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate.
The term ''municipality'' may also mean the go ...
.
The town harbours the San Sebastian Airport, which serves domestic flights. The population as of 2005 is 15,700 inhabitants.
Battles
The battles fought for possession of this fortified stronghold are generally known by the Spanish name for the place (Fuenterrabía).
* Unsuccessful attempts to seize Hondarribia were made by French troops in 1476 and 1503.
* Battle of Fuenterrabía (1521), in which
Claude, Duke of Guise
Claude de Lorraine, Duke of Guise (20 October 1496 – 12 April 1550) was a French aristocrat and general. He became the first Duke of Guise in 1528.
He was a highly effective general for the French crown. His children and grandchildren were to ...
distinguished himself, was instigated by
Guillaume Gouffier, seigneur de Bonnivet
Guillaume Gouffier, seigneur de Bonnivet (c. 1488 – 24 February 1525) was a French soldier.
The younger brother of Artus Gouffier, seigneur de Boisy, tutor of Francis I of France, Bonnivet was brought up with Francis, and after the young king ...
, in command of the army of Navarre; he occupied the stronghold after the renewal of hostilities. The city was finally reoccupied by
Charles V Charles V may refer to:
* Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (1500–1558)
* Charles V of Naples (1661–1700), better known as Charles II of Spain
* Charles V of France (1338–1380), called the Wise
* Charles V, Duke of Lorraine (1643–1690)
* Infa ...
Louis XIII
Louis XIII (; sometimes called the Just; 27 September 1601 – 14 May 1643) was King of France from 1610 until his death in 1643 and King of Navarre (as Louis II) from 1610 to 1620, when the crown of Navarre was merged with the French crown ...
, led by Condé. 27,000 French soldiers besieged the city for two months, firing 16,000 shells into the walled city, leaving only 300 survivors, most of them women and children. The city was virtually destroyed, but nevertheless did not surrender.Tuwien.ac.at /ref> The Spanish soldiers were successful, and the raising of the siege is celebrated annually on 8 September in a parade, known as '' Alarde''.
* Battle of Fuenterrabía (1719), during the
War of the Quadruple Alliance
The War of the Quadruple Alliance (1718–1720) was caused by Spanish attempts to recover territories in Italy ceded in the 1713 Peace of Utrecht. Largely focused on Sicily, it included minor engagements in North America and Northern Europe as we ...
, part of the campaign leading to the French
Siege of San Sebastian
A siege is a military blockade of a city, or fortress, with the intent of conquering by attrition, or a well-prepared assault. This derives from la, sedere, lit=to sit. Siege warfare is a form of constant, low-intensity conflict characterize ...
French Revolutionary Army
The French Revolutionary Army (french: Armée révolutionnaire française) was the French land force that fought the French Revolutionary Wars from 1792 to 1804. These armies were characterised by their revolutionary fervour, their poor equipme ...
took the city by breaching the walls. After they took over the city, they blew up with the help of German engineers the section of wall facing France. The signing of the
Peace of Basel
The Peace of Basel of 1795 consists of three peace treaties involving France during the French Revolution (represented by François de Barthélemy).
*The first was with Prussia (represented by Karl August von Hardenberg) on 5 April;
*The sec ...
took place before all the wall was destroyed.
Although Milton, in '' Paradise Lost'' associated the
rout
A rout is a panicked, disorderly and undisciplined retreat of troops from a battlefield, following a collapse in a given unit's command authority, unit cohesion and combat morale (''esprit de corps'').
History
Historically, lightly-e ...
of
Charlemagne
Charlemagne ( , ) or Charles the Great ( la, Carolus Magnus; german: Karl der Große; 2 April 747 – 28 January 814), a member of the Carolingian dynasty, was King of the Franks from 768, King of the Lombards from 774, and the first ...
in 778 with Fontarabia, it is generally understood to have taken place at
Roncesvalles
Roncesvalles ( , ; eu, Orreaga ; an, Ronzesbals ; french: Roncevaux ) is a small village and municipality in Navarre, northern Spain. It is situated on the small river Urrobi at an altitude of some in the Pyrenees, about from the French bor ...
.
Sports
The women's basketball team Hondarribia-Irun and the rowing club Hondarribia Arraun Elkartea are the two most prestigious sports clubs in the town. In the last decade, the judo club Ama Guadalupekoa has had a lot of national medals in this discipline.
The Hondarribia-Irun plays in the Spanish women's basketball league since 2003, and it has competed against European teams several times.
Hondarribia has a rowing team called Hondarribia Arraun Elkartea, and its boat is characterized by its green color and its name, "Ama Guadalupekoa".
In 2005 it won "La Bandera de la Concha", one of the most prestigious competitions for Basque rowers.
Furthermore, the Vilariño family, which is fully linked to the world of the engine, continues to achieve success at national and European levels.
Hondarribia has its own golf course where Jose Maria Olazabal, one of the best golf players in the world, was raised, and marina, where the Olympic medalist Iker Martinez took his first boat roads.
Leisure
* The construction of a jetty and other ancillary works by the engineer Iribarren, created the beach (hondartza) of Hondarribia that provides a place to enjoy the waters of the bay. In the late twentieth century the beach was partially modified, building on its surroundings a recreational port and a sports center.
* Throughout the year, but especially in the summer months, Arma Plaza Fundazioa (municipal foundation) organizes guided visits to the old town, the port-quarter of the Marina and the Fort of Guadalupe.
* The tourist office also managed by Arma Plaza Fundazioa, located in the Plaza de Armas, incorporates an interpretation center with spaces for audiovisual presentations / temporary exhibitions and souvenirs of the city.
Climate
Notable residents
*
Juan de Alcega
Juan de Alcega was a 16th-century tailor and mathematician from Basque country, Spain.
Life and work
Little is known about the life of Juan de Alcega. He was born in the province of Gipuzkoa, probably in the town of Hondarribia.
In 1580 he ...
(16th century), mathematician and tailor known by his book on geometrical tailoring.
* Josune Amunarriz, prominent female ''avant-garde'' artist whose large-scale installations can be seen in San Sebastián, China, and New York.
* Jorge Bolet, legendary American-Cuban pianist
*
José María Olazábal
José María Olazábal Manterola (, ; born 5 February 1966) is a Spanish professional golfer from the Basque region who has enjoyed success on both the European Tour and the PGA Tour, and has won two major championships, both at The Masters.
...
famous Spanish golfer, winner of two U.S. Masters titles and regular member of the European Ryder Cup team.
*
Unai Emery
Unai Emery Etxegoien (born 3 November 1971) is a Spanish football manager and former player who is the head coach of Premier League club Aston Villa.
After a career spent playing mostly in Spain's Segunda División, Emery transitioned into coa ...
, winner of Europa League and the former manager of Arsenal, Paris Saint Germain, Sevilla FC, Valencia CF and Spartak Moscow.
* Íñigo Cervantes, professional tennis player
* Itziar Mendizabal, ballet dancer
Old paintings
File:Hodarribia1.jpg, Medieval map of Hondarribia.
File:Hondarribia grabatua.jpeg, Above Hondarribia with its City Walls, and below French
Hendaye
Hendaye ( Basque: ''Hendaia'')HENDAIA Basque Pelota
Basque pelota ( Basque: '' pilota'', Spanish: '' pelota vasca'', French: '' pelote basque'') is the name for a variety of court sports played with a ball using one's hand, a racket, a wooden bat or a basket, against a wall (''frontis or fronto ...
's game under the Hondarribia's City Walls, by Gustave Colin in 1863
File:Fontarabie par Armand Dumaresq Dumaresq (1873).JPG, Hondarribia by Armand-Dumaresq in 1873
File:Fontarabie, embouchure de la Bidassoa (Guipuscoa) - Fonds Ancely - B315556101 A MALBOS 2 017.jpg,
Bidassoa
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The Bidasoa (, ; french: Bidassoa, ) is a river in the Basque Country of northern Spain and southern France that runs largely south to north. Named as such downstream of the village of Oronoz-Mugairi (municipality of Baztan) in the pro ...
confluence in Fontarrabie, in 1843 by
Eugène de Malbos
Eugène de Malbos (21 August 1811 – 29 May 1858) was a French Romantic painter known for his lithographs of the Pyrenees
The Pyrenees (; es, Pirineos ; french: Pyrénées ; ca, Pirineu ; eu, Pirinioak ; oc, Pirenèus ; an, Pirineus) is ...
