Frits Bernard (28 August 1920,

Rotterdam Rotterdam ( , , , lit. ''The Dam on the River Rotte'') is the second largest city and municipality in the Netherlands. It is in the province of South Holland, part of the North Sea mouth of the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta, via the ''"N ...

– 23 May 2006, Rotterdam) was a

clinical psychologist Clinical psychology is an integration of social science, theory, and clinical knowledge for the purpose of understanding, preventing, and relieving psychologically based distress or dysfunction and to promote subjective well-being and persona ...

sexologist Sexology is the scientific study of human sexuality, including human sexual interests, behaviors, and functions. The term ''sexology'' does not generally refer to the non-scientific study of sexuality, such as social criticism. Sexologists app ...

and

gay ''Gay'' is a term that primarily refers to a homosexual person or the trait of being homosexual. The term originally meant 'carefree', 'cheerful', or 'bright and showy'. While scant usage referring to male homosexuality dates to the late 1 ...

and pedophile activist in the Netherlands. He was also a leading member and author for the Dutch Society for Sexual Reform and established a foundation in his own name. Bernard founded Enclave Kring (Enclave Circle), which led the Enclave International Fellowship in the 1950s. This made him the founder of the first militant pedophile movement.

Biography

At the age of 7, Bernard and his family moved to Spain, where he attended the Internationale Duitse School in

Barcelona Barcelona ( , , ) is a city on the coast of northeastern Spain. It is the capital and largest city of the autonomous community of Catalonia, as well as the second most populous municipality of Spain. With a population of 1.6 million within ci ...

. He learned

Catalan Catalan may refer to: Catalonia From, or related to Catalonia: * Catalan language, a Romance language * Catalans, an ethnic group formed by the people from, or with origins in, Northern or southern Catalonia Places * 13178 Catalan, asteroid #1 ...

English English usually refers to: * English language * English people English may also refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England ** English national ide ...

, French and

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. He returned during the

Second World War World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

to the

Netherlands ) , anthem = ( en, "William of Nassau") , image_map = , map_caption = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = Kingdom of the Netherlands , established_title = Before independence , established_date = Spanish Netherl ...

, where he studied humanities and psychology at the

University of Amsterdam The University of Amsterdam (abbreviated as UvA, nl, Universiteit van Amsterdam) is a public research university located in Amsterdam, Netherlands. The UvA is one of two large, publicly funded research universities in the city, the other being ...

and the

Catholic University of Nijmegen Radboud University (abbreviated as RU, nl, Radboud Universiteit , formerly ''Katholieke Universiteit Nijmegen'') is a public research university located in Nijmegen, the Netherlands. The university bears the name of Saint Radboud, a 9th century ...

. In the 1950s, he joined the gay rights organization, Cultuur en Ontspannings-Centrum, where, under the pseudonym Victor Servatius, he wrote many articles for ''Vriendshap'' (''Friendship,'' the magazine of the movement) dealing with homosexuality, political science and also, for the first time, on pedophilia. At the same time, he created the Enclave Kring (Enclave Circle), the first public pedophile movement. Bernard published his novels, ''Costa Brava'' and ''Persecuted Minority,'' in 1960. He also published a newsletter on pedophilia, and organized in the framework of conferences and support for pedophiles. In 1964, an editorial change at Vriendschap prevented him from continuing his collaboration with the COC. By the end of the 1960s Bernard found a forum for his work in the Dutch Society for Sexual Reform (NVSH). With

Edward Brongersma Edward Brongersma (31 August 1911 in Haarlem, Netherlands – 22 April 1998 in Bloemendaal/ Overveen, Netherlands) was a Dutch politician and doctor of law. For a number of years he was a member of the Dutch Senate for the Labour Party, an ...

, Bhawna Singh Sandhu, and Peter van Eeten he published ''Sex met Kinderen'' (''Sex with Children'') in 1972 for the NVSH.

Works

Novels

* ''Costa Brava'', Enclave, Rotterdam (1960). Amsterdam, Southernwood Press (1988) * ''Persecuted minority'' (Vervolgde Minderheid), Enclave, Rotterdam (1960). Amsterdam, Southernwood Press (1989).

Studies

* ''Pedophilia: A Factual Report'', Enclave, Rotterdam (1985).

Sources

* Nowadays (2005), Bernard (1987), C.C. (2004)

References

External links

Pierre F. Walter, "Frits Bernard" ''ipublica''
Contains an extensive bibliography.
Frits Bernard: bibliography at WorldCat
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bernard, Frits 1920 births 2006 deaths Dutch psychologists Pedophile advocacy Dutch sexologists Scientists from Rotterdam University of Amsterdam alumni Radboud University Nijmegen alumni Dutch LGBT rights activists LGBT history in the Netherlands 20th-century psychologists