Friedrich Kambartel (17 February 1935 – 25 April 2022), was a German philosopher.
Biography
Kambartel was born on 17 February 1935 in
Münster
Münster (; nds, Mönster) is an independent city (''Kreisfreie Stadt'') in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is in the northern part of the state and is considered to be the cultural centre of the Westphalia region. It is also a state distr ...
,
Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...
. He studied
physics
Physics is the natural science that studies matter, its fundamental constituents, its motion and behavior through space and time, and the related entities of energy and force. "Physical science is that department of knowledge which r ...
,
mathematics
Mathematics is an area of knowledge that includes the topics of numbers, formulas and related structures, shapes and the spaces in which they are contained, and quantities and their changes. These topics are represented in modern mathematics ...
and
philosophy
Philosophy (from , ) is the systematized study of general and fundamental questions, such as those about existence, reason, knowledge, values, mind, and language. Such questions are often posed as problems to be studied or resolved. Some ...
at the University of Münster, where he received his PhD (in mathematics) and his “habilitation”, the postdoctoral lecture qualification (in philosophy). In 1966 he was appointed Professor of Philosophy at the
University of Constance
The University of Konstanz (german: Universität Konstanz) is a university in the city of Konstanz in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Its main campus was opened on the Gießberg in 1972 after being founded in 1966. The university is Germany's ...
, where he took active part in making it a reform university (“Little Harvard on Lake Constance”). Kambartel had close ties to the ''Erlangen School'' of constructivist philosophy of science. He taught in Frankfurt am Main from 1993 until his retirement in 2000. He died on April 25, 2022, in Constance.
Kambartel's main research areas are the
philosophy of language
In analytic philosophy, philosophy of language investigates the nature of language and the relations between language, language users, and the world. Investigations may include inquiry into the nature of meaning, intentionality, reference, ...
, the philosophy of the natural sciences, and the
philosophy of mind
Philosophy of mind is a branch of philosophy that studies the ontology and nature of the mind and its relationship with the body. The mind–body problem is a paradigmatic issue in philosophy of mind, although a number of other issues are addre ...
. However, he also contributed to
logic
Logic is the study of correct reasoning. It includes both formal and informal logic. Formal logic is the science of deductively valid inferences or of logical truths. It is a formal science investigating how conclusions follow from premises ...
,
action theory,
ethics
Ethics or moral philosophy is a branch of philosophy that "involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right and wrong behavior".''Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy'' The field of ethics, along with aesthetics, concerns m ...
and the philosophy of economics.
His most important works are the habilitation thesis ''Erfahrung und Struktur'' (“Experience and Structure”), published by Suhrkamp in 1968, as well as the three anthologies ''Theorie und Begründung'' (1978, “Theory and Justification”), ''Philosophie der humanen Welt'' (1989, “Philosophy of the Human World”) and ''Philosophie und Politische Ökonomie'' (1998, “Philosophy and Political Economics”).
Kambartel's philosophical work is wide-ranging and manifold. Yet two major tenets are present throughout — on the one hand the primacy of practical reason (his “pragmatism”), and on the other the conception of reason as culture (“his anti-formalism”).
The first tenet shapes his contributions to the philosophies of science, mind, and action. If action and practical reason were granted primacy over thinking and theoretical reason, and if the latter were only possible on the basis of the former, then results obtained by
neuroscience
Neuroscience is the scientific study of the nervous system (the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nervous system), its functions and disorders. It is a multidisciplinary science that combines physiology, anatomy, molecular biology, development ...
, for example, could never show that man is determined after all and cannot really act freely.
The second tenet does not emerge clearly until his later work, and then it also marks a distance to the constructive attempts of the Erlangen School. Reason was not to be understood exactly, e.g. to be defined as a principle or criterion. Reason was rather a culture you grow into, a social practice within which you cultivate your judgment. Conceptual judgments like
Kant
Immanuel Kant (, , ; 22 April 1724 – 12 February 1804) was a German Philosophy, philosopher and one of the central Age of Enlightenment, Enlightenment thinkers. Born in Königsberg, Kant's comprehensive and systematic works in epistemolo ...
’s formula of man as an end in itself served as comments to parts of the “grammar” of this culture.
[See e.g. «Universalität als Lebensform» and «Vernunft: Kriterium oder Kultur» both in: ''Philosophie der humanen Welt'', 15 – 26 and 27 – 43.]
Bibliography
Books
*
Bernard Bolzano
Bernard Bolzano (, ; ; ; born Bernardus Placidus Johann Gonzal Nepomuk Bolzano; 5 October 1781 – 18 December 1848) was a Bohemian mathematician, logician, philosopher, theologian and Catholic priest of Italian extraction, also known for his liber ...
's Grundlegung der Logik. Ausgewählte Paragraphen aus der Wissenschaftslehre, Vol. 1 and 2, with supplementary summaries, an introduction and indices, edited by F. Kambartel, Hamburg, 1963, 1978².
* Erfahrung und Struktur. Bausteine zu einer Kritik des Empirismus und Formalismus, Frankfurt a.M., 1968, 1976²; Span.: Buenos Aires, 1972.
*
Gottlob Frege
Friedrich Ludwig Gottlob Frege (; ; 8 November 1848 – 26 July 1925) was a German philosopher, logician, and mathematician. He was a mathematics professor at the University of Jena, and is understood by many to be the father of analytic phil ...
: Nachgelassene Schriften, with contributions from G. Gabriel and W. Rödding, edited, introduced, and commented by H. Hermes, F. Kambartel, F. Kaulbach, Hamburg, 1969; Engl.: Oxford, 1979.
* Historisches Wörterbuch der Philosophie, co-edited by F. Kambartel, Stuttgart / Basel, 1971ff.
* Zum normativen Fundament der Wissenschaft, edited by F. Kambartel, J. Mittelstraß, Frankfurt a.M., 1973.
* Wissenschaftstheorie als Wissenschaftskritik (together with P. Janich, J. Mittelstraß), Frankfurt a.M., 1974.
* Praktische Philosophie und konstruktive Wissenschaftstheorie, edited by F. Kambartel, Frankfurt a.M., 1974.
* Theorie und Begründung. Studien zum Philosophie- und Wissenschaftsverständnis, Frankfurt a.M., 1976.
* Philosophie der humanen Welt. Abhandlungen, Frankfurt a.M., 1989.
* Vernunftkritik nach Hegel. Analytisch-kritische Interpretation zur Dialektik, edited by Chr. Demmerling, F. Kambartel, Frankfurt a.M., 1992.
* Philosophie und Politische Ökonomie, Göttingen, 1998.
* Sprachphilosophie. Probleme und Methoden (together with P. Stekeler-Weithofer), Stuttgart, 2005.
Papers in journals and anthologies
(This list does not include the papers from the following anthologies: ''Theorie und Begründung'', ''Philosophie der humanen Welt'', and ''Philosophie und politische Ökonomie''.)
* Symbolic Acts. Remarks on the Foundation of a Pragmatic Theory of Language, in: (edited by G. Ryle) Contemporary Aspects of Philosophy, Stockfield, 1976, 70 – 85; German: Symbolische Handlungen. Überlegungen zu den Grundlagen einer pragmatischen Theorie der Sprache, in: (edited by J. Mittelstraß, M. Riedel) Vernünftiges Denken. Studien zur praktischen Philosophie und Wissenschaftstheorie, Berlin, 1978, 3 – 22.
* Versuch über das Verstehen, in: (edited by B. McGuiness, J. Habermas, K.-O. Apel, R. Rorty, Ch. Taylor, F. Kambartel, A. Wellmer) Der Löwe spricht ... und wir können ihn nicht verstehen, Frankfurt a.M., 1991, 121 – 137; also in: (edited by P. Stekeler-Weithofer) Geschichte der Philosophie in Text und Darstellung, 9: Gegenwart, Stuttgart, 2004, 288 – 309.
* Über die praktische Form unseres Lebens, in: (edited by H. Schnädelbach, G. Keil) Philosophie der Gegenwart – Gegenwart der Philosophie, Hamburg, 1993, 281 – 289.
* Normative Bemerkungen zum Problem einer naturwissenschaftlichen Definition des Lebens, in: (edited by A. Barkhaus and co.) Identität, Leiblichkeit, Normativität, Frankfurt a.M., 1996, 109 – 114; also in: (edited by A. Krebs) Naturethik, Frankfurt a.M., 1997, 331 – 336.
* Wahrheit und Vernunft. Zur Entwicklung ihrer praktischen Grundlagen, in: (edited by Ch. Hubig) Cognitio Humana. Dynamik des Wissens und der Werte, Berlin, 1997, 175 – 187; abbreviated version in: Information Philosophie, 1997, 4, 5 – 17.
* Die Aktualität des philosophischen Konstruktivismus, in: (edited by Chr. Thiel) Akademische Gedenkfeier für Paul Lorenzen, Akademische Reden und Kolloquien der Friedrich Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 13, Erlangen / Nürnberg, 1998, 25 – 36.
* Wahrheit und Begründung, in: Dialektik. Enzyklopädische Zeitschrift für Philosophie und Wissenschaften, 1999, 37 – 52.
* Strenge und Exaktheit, in: (edited by G.-L. Lueken) Formen der Argumentation. Leipziger Schriften zur Philosophie, 11, Leipzig, 2000, 75 – 85.
* Semantischer Inhalt und Begründung, in: (edited by A. Fuhrmann, E.J. Olsson) Pragmatisch denken, Frankfurt / Lancaster, 2004, 135 – 145.
* Geist und Natur. Bemerkungen zu ihren normativen Grundlagen, in: (edited by G. Wolters, M. Carrier) Homo Sapiens und Homo Faber. Epistemische und technische Rationalität in Antike und Gegenwart, Berlin / New York, 2005, 253 – 265.
* Meaning, Justification, and Truth, in: Pragmatics & Cognition, 13, 2005, 109 – 119.
* On Calmness: Dealing Rationally with What Is beyond Our Control, in: (edited by A. Krebs, A. Ben-Ze’ev) Philosophy of Emotion II, London, 2017, 51 – 57; also in: Philosophia, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11406-017-9924-y, translated with the author's approval by A. Krebs, A. Mahler and S. Meyer from the German original: Über die Gelassenheit. Zum vernünftigen Umgang mit dem Unverfügbaren, in: Philosophie der humanen Welt, Frankfurt a.M., 1989, 90 – 99.
Entries in encyclopedias
* In: (edited by J. Ritter) Historisches Wörterbuch der Philosophie, Basel / Stuttgart, 1971–1989, the entries: Abfolge; Anschauungssatz / Begriffssatz; Bedingung; Erfahrung; Größe; Methode (together with R. Welter); Naturgeschichte; Analytische Philosophie und Wissenschaftstheorie (together with G. Gabriel, Th. Rentsch).
* In: (edited by J. Mittelstraß) Enzyklopädie Philosophie und Wissenschaftstheorie, Vol. 1 and 2, Mannheim / Zürich / Wien, 1980–1984, Vol. 3 and 4, Stuttgart / Weimar, 1995–1996, the entries: Abfolge; allgemein (ethisch); Analogien der Erfahrung; Analytik; Anschauung; analytisch; Antizipationen der Wahrnehmung; Apprädikator; a priori; Arbeit; Ästhetik, transzendentale; Bacon, F.; Bedingung; Begründung; Besonnenheit; Bolzano, B.; Brückenprinzip; Empirismus; Erlanger Schule; finite / Finitismus; Folge (logisch); Frankfurter Schule; Frieden; Gebrauchswert; Gelassenheit; Grenznutzen; Größe; Größenlehre; Grund; Grundlagenforschung; Grundsatz; ceteris-paribus-Klausel (together with R. Wimmer); Idee (systematisch);
Keynes
John Maynard Keynes, 1st Baron Keynes, ( ; 5 June 1883 – 21 April 1946), was an English economist whose ideas fundamentally changed the theory and practice of macroeconomics and the economic policies of governments. Originally trained in m ...
, J.M.; Konsens; Leben, gutes; Leben, vernünftiges; Lebensqualität;
Malthus
Thomas Robert Malthus (; 13/14 February 1766 – 29 December 1834) was an English cleric, scholar and influential economist in the fields of political economy and demography.
In his 1798 book ''An Essay on the Principle of Population'', Malt ...
, T.R.; Mehrwert; Metaethik; Mittel; Moral; Moralismus; Moralität; Norm (handlungstheoretisch, moralphilosophisch); normative; Normierung; Nutzen; Ökonomie, politische;
Pascal
Pascal, Pascal's or PASCAL may refer to:
People and fictional characters
* Pascal (given name), including a list of people with the name
* Pascal (surname), including a list of people and fictional characters with the name
** Blaise Pascal, Fren ...
, B.; Person (together with A. Krebs, Th. Jantschek); Philosophie, praktisch; Pluralismus; Positivismus (systematisch); Pragmatik; pragmatisch; Prinzip; Rechtfertigung; Regel (together with Th. Jantschek); Ritter, J.; Satz an sich; Schema; Schematismus; Scholz, H.; Selbstzweck; Sinnkriterium, empiristisches (together with M. Carrier); Sokrates; Struktur; Stufe; Symbol (together with B. Gräfrath); Tauschwert; theoretisch; Theorie, kritische; Theorie und Praxis; transsubjektiv / Transsubjektivität; Universalisierung; Universalität (ethisch); Utopismus; Verifikationsprinzip (together with M. Carrier); Verstandesbegriffe, reine; Voraussetzung; voraussetzungslos / Voraussetzungslosigkeit; Vorstellung an sich; Wertgesetz; Whitehead, A. N.; Wissenschaft; Wissenschaftskritik.
References
External links
Complete bibliography
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kambartel, Friedrich
1935 births
2022 deaths
20th-century German philosophers
21st-century German philosophers
20th-century German mathematicians
21st-century German mathematicians
German philosophers of mind
German philosophers of science
German logicians
People from Münster