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The Friedenspark ("Peace Park") is an open space of about 20 hectares in the centre of
File:Grabstein Credner.jpg,
The general development plan of 1970 envisaged the conversion of the cemetery into a park for sport and recreation for the students of the University of Leipzig. This plan was eventually given up in favour of a public park, in order to address the need for recreation and recuperation of the inhabitants of the old housing stock in the neighbouring districts of the Ostvorstadt and Thonberg.
On 20 July 1983 the Friedenspark was declared public property.Leipzig-Lexikon.de
/ref>
Ein Gang auf den Neuen Friedhof zu Leipzig. In: Die Gartenlaube, year 1860, vol. 16, pp. 244, 245
Wikisource
Alfred E. Otto Paul: History of the Neuen Johannisfriedhof in Leipzig
{{Authority control Parks in Leipzig Cemeteries in Leipzig
The Friedenspark ("Peace Park") is an open space of about 20 hectares in the centre of Leipzig
Leipzig ( , ; Upper Saxon: ) is the most populous city in the German state of Saxony. Leipzig's population of 605,407 inhabitants (1.1 million in the larger urban zone) as of 2021 places the city as Germany's eighth most populous, as wel ...
, in the district of Zentrum-Südost, located between the Ostplatz to the north and the Russian Memorial Church (''Russische Gedächtniskirche'') to the south. The park was opened in 1983, after the secularisation and clearance, under the then East German
East Germany, officially the German Democratic Republic (GDR; german: Deutsche Demokratische Republik, , DDR, ), was a country that existed from its creation on 7 October 1949 until its dissolution on 3 October 1990. In these years the state ...
regime, of the Neuer Johannisfriedhof ("New St. John's Cemetery"), which is what the space used to be, and its thorough reconstruction.
Neuer Johannisfriedhof
The site of the Friedenspark used to be occupied by the Neuer Johannisfriedhof, which was opened as the second city cemetery of Leipzig in 1846, after it had proved impossible to enlarge the old cemetery, theAlter Johannisfriedhof
The Alter Johannisfriedhof ("Old St. John's Cemetery") is the oldest burial ground in the city of Leipzig, Germany. It began in 1278, as part of the ''Johannishospital'' (St. John's Hospital) in Leipzig, a leper hospital. It was later attached ...
, any further. The designs for the chapel and mortuary, built between 1881 and 1884, were by Hugo Licht
Hugo Georg Licht (21 February 1841 in Nieder-Zedlitz (today Siedlnica, Poland) – 28 February 1923 in Leipzig, Germany) was a German architect.
Life
Licht was the son of the landholder Georg Hugo Licht. In the years 1862 and 1863 he was mason ...
(1841–1923). They were destroyed in World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
. During the time of the National Socialist
Nazism ( ; german: Nazismus), the common name in English for National Socialism (german: Nationalsozialismus, ), is the far-right totalitarian political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in Na ...
government the remains of more than a hundred children from the Paediatrics Department of the :de:Heilanstalt Dösen, Dösen Asylum were buried anonymously in urns in sections V 2, 3 and 5, victims of the then child euthanasia policy.
On 31 December 1950 the Neuer Johannisfriedhof was closed to further burials, but remained accessible to the public up to 31 December 1970. From 1973 to 1975 the cemetery was secularised: vaults were removed, graves cleared and levelled. About 120 monuments and gravestones of civic or art-historical significance were taken to the Alter Johannisfriedhof and kept in the open air. A combination of damage during transit, theft and vandalism meant that by the early 1990s only 58 monuments remained. These were restored, and erected in the south-east of the Alter Johannisfriedhof.
Burials of notable people
The locations of these burials, thanks to the clearance of the cemetery, are no longer traceable, and as above most monuments have not survived. * Wilhelm Eduard Albrecht (1800–1876), lawyer * Ernst Anschütz (1780–1861), composer * Adolph Ambrosius Barth (1827–1869), publisher and bookseller * Paul Barth (sociologist), Paul Barth (1858–1922), philosopher and sociologist * Gustav Baur (1816–1889), theologian * Adolf Blomeyer (1830–1889), agronomist * Julius Blüthner (1824–1910), piano builder * Georg Bötticher (1849–1918), author, father of Joachim Ringelnatz * Edwin Bormann (1851–1912), writer, scientist * Friedrich Arnold Brockhaus (1772–1823), publisher * Heinrich Brockhaus (1804–1874), publisher, :de:Liste der Ehrenbürger von Leipzig, Citizen of Honour of Leipzig * Hermann Brockhaus (1806–1877), orientalist * Clemens Brockhaus (1837–1877), theologian * Lorenz Clasen (1812–1899), historical painter * Julius Friedrich Cohnheim (1839-1884), pathologist * Carl Hermann Credner (1842–1913), geologist * Georg Curtius (1820–1885), philologist * Johann Nepomuk Czermak (1828–1873), physiologist * Ferdinand David (musician), Ferdinand David (1810-1873), concert master of the Gewandhaus * Otto Delitsch (1821–1882), geographer * Rudolf Dietsch (1814–1875), philologist * Hans Driesch (1867–1941), biologist * Albert Dufour-Féronce (1798–1861), entrepreneur, railway pioneer * Gustav Heinrich Duncker (????–1882), businessman * Peter Dybwad (1859–1921), architect * Friedrich August Eckstein (1810-1885), philologist and pedagogue * Gustav Theodor Fechner (1801–1887), physicist and natural philosopher, :de:Liste der Ehrenbürger von Leipzig, Citizen of Honour of Leipzig * Fedor Flinzer (1832–1911), illustrator * Emil Albert Friedberg (1837–1910), jurist * Hermann Traugott Fritzsche (1809–1887), businessman * Hermann Traugott Fritzsche (Junior) (1843–1906), businessman * Otto Hermann Fritzsche (1882–1906), pioneer of flight * Hugo Gaudig (1860–1923), reforming pedagogue * Gustav Friedrich Hänel (1792–1878), jurist * Moritz Hauptmann (1792–1868), composer * Carl Heine (1819–1888), entrepreneur, industry pioneer * Wilhelm His, Sr., Wilhelm His (1831–1904), anatomist * Franz von Holstein (1826–1878), composer * Hermann Joseph (politician), Hermann Joseph (1811–1869), jurist and politician * Julius Klinkhardt (1810–1881), publisher * Carl Wilhelm Otto Koch, Otto Koch (1810–1876), politician and List of mayors of Leipzig, Bürgermeister, :de:Liste der Ehrenbürger von Leipzig, Citizen of Honour of Leipzig * Karl Franz Koehler (1843–1897), publisher and bookseller * Karl Krause (manufacturer), Karl Krause (1823–1902), machine manufacturer * Ernst Kroker (1859–1927), librarian and historian * Albrecht Kurzwelly (1868–1917), art historian * Carl Lampe (1804–1889), entrepreneur, railway pioneer, :de:Liste der Ehrenbürger von Leipzig, Citizen of Honour of Leipzig * Paul Lange (architect), Paul Lange (1853–1932), architect * Rudolf Leuckart (1822–1898), zoologist, :de:Liste der Ehrenbürger von Leipzig, Citizen of Honour of Leipzig * Jacob Bernhard Limburger (1770–1847) and family, manufacturer of silk goods * Carl Ludwig (1816–1895), physiologist, :de:Liste der Ehrenbürger von Leipzig, Citizen of Honour of Leipzig * Anton Mädler (1864–1925), manufacturer of suitcases and patron of the arts * Gotthard Oswald Marbach (1810–1890), philosopher, poet, director of insurance * Hermann Masius (1818–1893), pedagogue and professor * Wilhelm Maurenbrecher (1838–1892), German historian * Ignaz Moscheles (1794–1870), composer and pianist * Carl Otto Müller (1819–1898), jurist * Friedrich Konrad Müller (1823–1881), poet * Richard Müller (musician), Richard Müller (????–????), conductor * Paul Möbius (1866–1907), architect * Oscar Mothes (1828–1903), architect * Carl Gottfried Neumann (1832–1925), mathematician * Adam Friedrich Oeser (1717–1799), painter * Louise Otto-Peters (1819–1895), writer and proponent of women's rights * Johannes Overbeck (1826–1895), archaeologist * Oscar Paul (1836–1898), musicologist * Eduard Friedrich Poeppig (1798–1868), biologist * Eduard Pötzsch (1803–1889), architect * Anton Philipp Reclam (1807–1896) and family, publisher * Rudolph Alexander Renkwitz (1828–1910), businessman and founder * Friedrich Ritschl (1806–1876), philologist * Wilhelm Roscher (1817–1894), national economist and historian, :de:Liste der Ehrenbürger von Leipzig, Citizen of Honour of Leipzig * Arwed Rossbach (1844–1902), architect * Emil Adolf Rossmässler (1805–1867), nature researcher * Christian Hermann Schellenberg (1816–1862), organist at St. Nicolai * Adolf Heinrich Schletter (1793–1853), businessman and founder (removed to the Südfriedhof (Leipzig), Südfriedhof) * Auguste Schmidt (1833–1902), teacher and proponent of women's rights * Moritz Schreber (1808–1861), doctor * Paul Robert Schuster (1841–1877), theologian * Willmar Schwabe (1839–1917), homeopath, chemist and manufacturer of medicines * Friedrich Herman Semmig (1820–1897), writer, participant in the 1849 May Uprising in Dresden * Anton Springer (1825–1891), art historian * Melchior zur Strassen (1832–1896), sculptor * Konrad Sturmhoefel (1858–1916), historian and pedagogue * Benedictus Gotthelf Teubner (1784–1856) and family, publisher * Carl Thiersch (1822–1895), physician * Constantin von Tischendorf (1815–1874), theologian * Carl Bruno Tröndlin (1835–1908), List of mayors of Leipzig, Oberbürgermeister of Leipzig * Heinrich Gottlieb Tzschirner (1778–1828), theologian * August Friedrich Viehweger (1836–1919), architect * Johann Karl Christoph Vogel (1795–1862), pedagogue, :de:Liste der Ehrenbürger von Leipzig, Citizen of Honour of Leipzig * Georg Voigt (1827–1891), German historian * Johann Jacob Weber (1803–1880), publisher * Bernhard Windscheid (1817–1892), legal academic, :de:Liste der Ehrenbürger von Leipzig, Citizen of Honour of Leipzig * Käthe Windscheid (1859–1943), teacher and proponent of women's rights * Gustav Wohlgemuth (1863–1937), choir conductor and composer * Bruno Wollstädter (1878–1940), sculptor * Gustav Wustmann (1844–1910), philologist and historian * Heinrich Wuttke (1818−1876), German historian * Friedrich Zarncke (1825–1891), Germanist * Carl Friedrich Zöllner (1800–1860), composerTransferred gravestones
Gravestones and monuments moved from the Neuer to the Alter Johannisfriedhof:Hermann Credner
File:Grabplatte Heine.JPG, Carl Heine (bronze relief by Georg Wrba)
File:Koch Grabstein.jpg, Otto Koch
File:Grab Karl Krause.JPG, Karl Krause (bronze reliefs by Adolf Lehnert)
File:Louise Otto-Peters & August Peters Gravestone.jpg, Louise Otto-Peters
File:Anton Philipp Reclam Grave.jpg, Anton Philipp Reclam
File:Grabstein Rossmässler.jpg, Emil Adolf Rossmässler
File:Grabmal Schwabe.JPG, Willmar Schwabe (sculpture by Josef Mágr)
File:Grabstein Tröndlin.jpg, Carl Bruno Tröndlin
File:Grabstein Wustmann.jpg, Gustav Wustmann
File:Grabstein Zöllner.jpg, Carl Friedrich Zöllner
File:Kaffsack Reliefplatte Koehler.jpg, K.F.Koehler family (bronze relief by Joseph Kaffsack)
File:Brockhaus Gravestones.jpg, Brockhaus family
File:GrabsteinRudolfLeuckart.JPG, Rudolf Leuckart
Friedenspark
The general development plan of 1970 envisaged the conversion of the cemetery into a park for sport and recreation for the students of the University of Leipzig. This plan was eventually given up in favour of a public park, in order to address the need for recreation and recuperation of the inhabitants of the old housing stock in the neighbouring districts of the Ostvorstadt and Thonberg.
On 20 July 1983 the Friedenspark was declared public property./ref>
Notes and references
Literature
* Alfred E. Otto Paul: ''Der Neue Johannisfriedhof in Leipzig'', Leipzig 2012,Ein Gang auf den Neuen Friedhof zu Leipzig. In: Die Gartenlaube, year 1860, vol. 16, pp. 244, 245
Wikisource
External links
Alfred E. Otto Paul: History of the Neuen Johannisfriedhof in Leipzig
{{Authority control Parks in Leipzig Cemeteries in Leipzig