''Freycinetia'' is one of the five extant
genera in the
flowering plant
Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') and ('seed'), and refers to those plants th ...
family
Pandanaceae. The genus comprises approximately 180–200 species,
most of them climbers.
The species are distributed through the
tropics
The tropics are the regions of Earth surrounding the Equator. They are defined in latitude by the Tropic of Cancer in the Northern Hemisphere at N and the Tropic of Capricorn in
the Southern Hemisphere at S. The tropics are also referr ...
and
subtropics of
South Asia
South Asia is the southern subregion of Asia, which is defined in both geographical
Geography (from Greek: , ''geographia''. Combination of Greek words ‘Geo’ (The Earth) and ‘Graphien’ (to describe), literally "earth descr ...
and the western
Pacific Ocean
The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south, and is bounded by the contin ...
, from
Sri Lanka eastwards through the mainland of
Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia, also spelled South East Asia and South-East Asia, and also known as Southeastern Asia, South-eastern Asia or SEA, is the geographical south-eastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of mainlan ...
to the
Melanesia
Melanesia (, ) is a subregion of Oceania in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It extends from Indonesia's New Guinea in the west to Fiji in the east, and includes the Arafura Sea.
The region includes the four independent countries of Fiji, Va ...
floristic region, and southwards to northern
Australia (
Queensland
)
, nickname = Sunshine State
, image_map = Queensland in Australia.svg
, map_caption = Location of Queensland in Australia
, subdivision_type = Country
, subdivision_name = Australia
, established_title = Before federation
, establishe ...
,
Northern Territory
The Northern Territory (commonly abbreviated as NT; formally the Northern Territory of Australia) is an Australian territory in the central and central northern regions of Australia. The Northern Territory shares its borders with Western Aust ...
, northern
New South Wales
)
, nickname =
, image_map = New South Wales in Australia.svg
, map_caption = Location of New South Wales in AustraliaCoordinates:
, subdivision_type = Country
, subdivision_name = Australia
, established_title = Before federation
, es ...
),
Norfolk Island, and
New Zealand
New Zealand ( mi, Aotearoa ) is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It consists of two main landmasses—the North Island () and the South Island ()—and over 700 smaller islands. It is the sixth-largest island count ...
. ''
F. banksii'' is the only extant New Zealand member of the family
Pandanaceae, and is found naturally as far south as the
temperate
In geography, the temperate climates of Earth occur in the middle latitudes (23.5° to 66.5° N/S of Equator), which span between the tropics and the polar regions of Earth. These zones generally have wider temperature ranges throughout ...
South Island.
They have been found growing in
tropical forest
Tropical forests (a.k.a. jungle) are forested landscapes in tropical regions: ''i.e.'' land areas approximately bounded by the tropic of Cancer and Capricorn, but possibly affected by other factors such as prevailing winds.
Some tropical fore ...
s, coastal forests, humid mountain forests and associated
biome
A biome () is a biogeographical unit consisting of a biological community that has formed in response to the physical environment in which they are found and a shared regional climate. Biomes may span more than one continent. Biome is a broader ...
s, from sea level to mountains
cloud forests.
The genus was named by
Charles Gaudichaud-Beaupré
Charles Gaudichaud-Beaupré (September 4, 1789 – January 16, 1854) was a French botanist.
Biography
Gaudichaud was born in Angoulême, to J-J. Gaudichaud and Rose (Mallat) Gaudichaud. He studied pharmacology informally at Cognac and Angoulême, ...
for Admiral
Louis de Freycinet
Louis Claude de Saulces de Freycinet (7 August 1779 – 18 August 1841) was a French Navy officer. He circumnavigated the earth, and in 1811 published the first map to show a full outline of the coastline of Australia.
Biography
He was born at ...
, a 19th-century
French explorer.
Selected species
*''
Freycinetia aculeata''
Sinaga – (
New Guinea
New Guinea (; Hiri Motu: ''Niu Gini''; id, Papua, or , historically ) is the world's second-largest island with an area of . Located in Oceania in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, the island is separated from Australia by the wide Torr ...
)
*''
Freycinetia allantoidea''
A.P.Keim – (New Guinea)
*''
Freycinetia arborea
''Freycinetia arborea'', ''Ieie'', is a densely branched, brittle, woody climber in the family Pandanaceae, endemic to the Pacific Islands. ''Ieie'' is found in moist forest on the Hawaiian, Marquesas, Austral, Society, and Cook Islands. ...
''
Gaudich. – ''Ieie'' (
Pacific Is.,
Hawaii
Hawaii ( ; haw, Hawaii or ) is a state in the Western United States, located in the Pacific Ocean about from the U.S. mainland. It is the only U.S. state outside North America, the only state that is an archipelago, and the only state ...
,
Fr. Polynesia,
Cook Is.)
*''
Freycinetia auriculata''
Merr.
Elmer Drew Merrill (October 15, 1876 – February 25, 1956) was an American botanist and taxonomist. He spent more than twenty years in the Philippines where he became a recognized authority on the flora of the Asia-Pacific region. Through ...
– (
Philippines
The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no),
* bik, Republika kan Filipinas
* ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas
* cbk, República de Filipinas
* hil, Republ ...
)
*''
Freycinetia banksii''
A.Cunn.
Allan Cunningham (13 July 1791 – 27 June 1839) was an English botanist and explorer, primarily known for his travels in Australia to collect plants.
Early life
Cunningham was born in Wimbledon, Surrey, England, the son of Allan Cu ...
– Kiekie (New Zealand)
*''
Freycinetia berbakensis''
Pasaribu – (
Malesia
Malesia is a biogeographical region straddling the Equator and the boundaries of the Indomalayan and Australasian realms, and also a phytogeographical floristic region in the Paleotropical Kingdom. It has been given different definitions. Th ...
)
*''
Freycinetia boninensis''
Nakai – (
Bonin Islands
The Bonin Islands, also known as the , are an archipelago of over 30 subtropical and tropical islands, some directly south of Tokyo, Japan and northwest of Guam. The name "Bonin Islands" comes from the Japanese word ''bunin'' (an archaic read ...
endemic)
*''
Freycinetia cumingiana''
Gaudich. – (Philippines)
*''
Freycinetia daymanensis''
Huynh – (New Guinea)
*''
Freycinetia delicata''
Huynh – (
New Caledonia)
*''
Freycinetia dewildeorum''
Pasaribu – (Malesia)
*''
Freycinetia excelsa''
F.Muell.
Baron Sir Ferdinand Jacob Heinrich von Mueller, (german: Müller; 30 June 1825 – 10 October 1896) was a German-Australian physician, geographer, and most notably, a botanist. He was appointed government botanist for the then colony of Vic ...
– (Australia, New Guinea)
*''
Freycinetia formosana''
Hemsl. – (Taiwan, Philippines,
Ryukyu Is. sthn Japan)
*''
Freycinetia gunungmejensis''
Sinaga – (New Guinea)
*''
Freycinetia imbricata''
Blume – (Philippines)
*''
Freycinetia insueta''
Huynh – (New Guinea)
*''
Freycinetia involuta''
Huynh – (New Caledonia)
*''
Freycinetia javanica''
Blume – (Malesia)
*''
Freycinetia kamialiensis''
Huynh – (New Guinea)
*''
Freycinetia kartawinatae''
A.P.Keim – (Malesia)
*''
Freycinetia kwerbaensis''
A.P.Keim – (New Guinea)
*''
Freycinetia leuserensis''
Pasaribu – (Malesia)
*''
Freycinetia luzonensis''
C.Presl
Carl Borivoj Presl ( cs, Karel Bořivoj Presl; 17 February 1794 – 2 October 1852) was a Czechs, Czech botanist.
Biography
Presl lived his entire life in Prague, and was a professor of botany at the Charles University in Prague, University of P ...
– (Philippines)
*''
Freycinetia marginata''
Blume – (Australia, New Guinea)
*''
Freycinetia mariannensis''
Merr. – (
Mariana Islands)
*''
Freycinetia maxima''
Merr. – (Philippines)
*''
Freycinetia modica''
Huynh – (New Caledonia)
*''
Freycinetia multiflora''
Merr. – (Philippines)
*''
Freycinetia neoglaucescens''
Huynh – (New Guinea)
*''
Freycinetia panica''
Huynh – (New Caledonia)
*''
Freycinetia percostata''
Merr. & L.M.Perry – (Australia, New Guinea, Solomon Is.)
*''
Freycinetia ponapensis''
Martelli – (
Pohnpei,
Caroline Islands
The Caroline Islands (or the Carolines) are a widely scattered archipelago of tiny islands in the western Pacific Ocean, to the north of New Guinea. Politically, they are divided between the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) in the ce ...
)
*''
Freycinetia pseudograminifolia''
Huynh – (New Caledonia)
*''
Freycinetia rubripedata''
Huynh – (New Guinea)
*''
Freycinetia runcingensis''
A.P.Keim – (Malesia)
*''
Freycinetia scabrosa''
Pasaribu – (Malesia)
*''
Freycinetia scandens''
Gaudich. – (Australia, New Guinea, Malesia)
*''
Freycinetia scitula''
Huynh – (New Guinea)
*''
Freycinetia separata''
Huynh – (New Caledonia)
*''
Freycinetia spinifera''
A.P.Keim – (New Guinea)
*''
Freycinetia starensis''
Huynh – (New Guinea)
*''
Freycinetia storckii''
Seem.
Berthold Carl Seemann (25 February 1825, in Hanover, Germany – 10 October 1871, in Nicaragua, Central America), was a German botanist. He travelled widely and collected and described plants from the Pacific and South America.
In 1844 he trave ...
– (
Fiji)
*''
Freycinetia streimannii''
A.P.Keim – (New Guinea)
*''
Freycinetia subracemosa''
A.P.Keim – (Malesia)
*''
Freycinetia subulata''
Huynh – (New Caledonia)
*''
Freycinetia sumatrana''
Hemsl. – (Malesia)
*''
Freycinetia sumbawaensis''
A.P.Keim & M.Rahayu – (Malesia)
*''
Freycinetia urvilleana''
Hombr. & Jacq. ( to, kahikahi) – (
Timor
Timor is an island at the southern end of Maritime Southeast Asia, in the north of the Timor Sea. The island is divided between the sovereign states of East Timor on the eastern part and Indonesia on the western part. The Indonesian part, also ...
, Pacific Is.)
: Synonym: ''F. milnei''
Seem.
*''
Freycinetia wamenaensis''
A.P.Keim – (New Guinea)
*''
Freycinetia williamsii''
Merr. – (Taiwan, Ryukyu Islands sthn Japan)
References
Germplasm Resources Information Network: ''Freycinetia''*
''Freycinetia of Sumatra''
Cited works
*
{{Taxonbar, from=Q311182
Pandanales genera