French Submarine Bernoulli
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French submarine ''Bernoulli'' (Q83) was a Laubeuf type
submarine A submarine (or sub) is a watercraft capable of independent operation underwater. It differs from a submersible, which has more limited underwater capability. The term is also sometimes used historically or colloquially to refer to remotely op ...
Jane p199 of the ''Brumaire'' class, built for the French Navy prior to World War I.Conway p209-10


Design and construction

''Bernoulli'' was ordered by the French Navy as part of its 1906 programme and was laid down at the Arsenal de Toulon in November of that year. Work progressed slowly, and she was not launched until 1 June 1911. She was commissioned on 29 October 1912. She was equipped with licence-built
M.A.N. MAN SE (abbreviation of ''Maschinenfabrik Augsburg- Nürnberg'', ) was a manufacturing and engineering company based in Munich, Germany. Its primary output was commercial vehicles and diesel engines through its MAN Truck & Bus and MAN Latin Am ...
diesel engines for surface propulsion, and electric motors for power while submerged. She carried eight torpedoes, two internally and six externally. ''Bernoulli'' was named for
Daniel Bernoulli Daniel Bernoulli FRS (; – 27 March 1782) was a Swiss mathematician and physicist and was one of the many prominent mathematicians in the Bernoulli family from Basel. He is particularly remembered for his applications of mathematics to mechan ...
, the 18th century Swiss mathematician,Castel and other members of the Bernoulli family.


Service history

On 30 November 1914, under the command of Lt. Defforges, ''Bernoulli'' attempted to penetrate the harbour at Cattaro. She was detected and forced to retire. On 28 April 1915 ''Bernoulli'' made another attempt on Cattaro. On this occasion she gained entrance, but found no targets and again had to retire. On 4 May 1916, now under the command of Lt. Rene Audry, ''Bernoulli'' sighted the Austrian destroyer SMS Csepel. She closed and attacked, scoring a torpedo hit on ''Csepel’s'' stern. ''Czepel'' was badly damaged, and thought to have sunk, but in fact gained port. On 15 May 1917, during the aftermath of the battle at the Otranto Barrage, ''Bernoulli'' encountered a group of Austrian destroyers running for home, and fired on ''Balaton''. However this attack was unsuccessful and ''Balaton'' escaped.Halpern p165 On 27 October 1917 ''Bernoulli'' sighted the German U-boat ''UC 38''. She closed and attacked but was unable to score a hit; ''UC 38'' escaped without damage. ''Bernoulli’s'' final patrol was in February 1918, on close blockade duty off Cattaro. She was not heard from after 13 February 1918 and is believed to have struck a mine off Cattaro and sunk. All 23 of her crew were lost.Sieche Her commander, Rene Audry, was honoured by having a submarine named after him.


Notes


Notes


Bibliography

* * * * * Halpern, P: ''A Naval History of World War I'' (1994) * Moore, J: ''Jane’s Fighting Ships of World War I'' (1919, reprinted 2003) *


External links


Castel, Marc: ''Bernoulli'' at Sous-marins Français 1863 - pagesperso-orange.fr
(French)

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bernoulli 1911 ships Brumaire-class submarines Lost submarines of France Maritime incidents in 1918 Ships lost with all hands World War I shipwrecks in the Adriatic Sea Missing submarines Ships built in France World War I submarines of France