The Free Fatherland Party ( pt, Partido Pátria Livre, PPL) was a

left-wing Left-wing politics describes the range of political ideologies that support and seek to achieve social equality and egalitarianism, often in opposition to social hierarchy. Left-wing politics typically involve a concern for those in soci ...

political party A political party is an organization that coordinates candidates to compete in a particular country's elections. It is common for the members of a party to hold similar ideas about politics, and parties may promote specific ideological or p ...

Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...

. Founded on April 21, 2009 by members of the

Revolutionary Movement 8th October 8th October Revolutionary Movement (''Movimento Revolucionário 8 de Outubro'', MR8) was a Marxist political organization that took part in armed struggle against the Military dictatorship in Brazil. It was formed in 1964 among college students i ...

(MR-8), it advocates for

scientific socialism Scientific socialism is a term coined in 1840 by Pierre-Joseph Proudhon in his book '' What is Property?'' to mean a society ruled by a scientific government, i.e., one whose sovereignty rests upon reason, rather than sheer will: Thus, in a given ...

.Thomaz, Paula
"Em 2012, mais uma opção de partido"
. ''

CartaCapital ''CartaCapital'' is a weekly Brazilian newsmagazine published in Santana do Parnaíba, São Paulo and João Pessoa, Paraíba and distributed throughout the country by Editora Confiança. The main focuses of the magazine are politics, economy, so ...

''. October 5, 2011. Its symbols were a

green Green is the color between cyan and yellow on the visible spectrum. It is evoked by light which has a dominant wavelength of roughly 495570 nm. In subtractive color systems, used in painting and color printing, it is created by a combi ...

and

yellow Yellow is the color between green and orange on the spectrum of light. It is evoked by light with a dominant wavelength of roughly 575585 nm. It is a primary color in subtractive color systems, used in painting or color printing. In the ...

flag with a five-pointed red star and the inscription ''"Pátria Livre"''. PPL's identification number, as determined by the Supreme Electoral Court, was 54.

History

PPL was founded mainly by members of the

(MR-8), who were joined by union leaders (linked to the ''Central Geral dos Trabalhadores do Brasil''

national trade union center A national trade union center (or national center or central) is a federation or confederation of trade unions in a country. Nearly every country in the world has a national trade union center, and many have more than one. In some regions, such a ...

), student movement activists and feminists. MR-8 was founded in 1964 from a split in the

Brazilian Communist Party The Brazilian Communist Party ( pt-BR, Partido Comunista Brasileiro), originally the Communist Party of Brazil (), is a communist party in Brazil founded on 25 March 1922 which makes the disputed claim of being the oldest political party sti ...

(PCB), under the name Dissidence of

Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro ( , , ; literally 'River of January'), or simply Rio, is the capital of the state of the same name, Brazil's third-most populous state, and the second-most populous city in Brazil, after São Paulo. Listed by the GaWC as a ...

(DI-RJ). A

Marxist–Leninist Marxism is a left-wing to far-left method of socioeconomic analysis that uses a materialist interpretation of historical development, better known as historical materialism, to understand class relations and social conflict and a dialect ...

guerrilla group, it promoted armed actions against the military dictatorship and advocated the establishment of a

Communist regime A communist state, also known as a Marxist–Leninist state, is a one-party state that is administered and governed by a communist party guided by Marxism–Leninism. Marxism–Leninism was the state ideology of the Soviet Union, the Cominte ...

in the country. Later, DI-RJ became MR-8 in order to pay a tribute to

Che Guevara Ernesto Che Guevara (; 14 June 1928The date of birth recorded on /upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/78/Ernesto_Guevara_Acta_de_Nacimiento.jpg his birth certificatewas 14 June 1928, although one tertiary source, (Julia Constenla, quot ...

, which was captured by the

CIA The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA ), known informally as the Agency and historically as the Company, is a civilian foreign intelligence service of the federal government of the United States, officially tasked with gathering, processing, ...

in Bolivia on October 8, 1967. Under the new name, the group performed its most notable action: the kidnapping of U.S. Ambassador

Charles Burke Elbrick Charles Burke Elbrick (March 25, 1908 – April 12, 1983) was a United States diplomat and career foreign service officer. During his career, he served three ambassadorships: in Portugal, Yugoslavia and Brazil, in addition to numerous minor pos ...

, turned into the 1997 film ''

Four Days in September ''Four Days in September'' ( pt, O Que É Isso, Companheiro?) is a 1997 Brazilian thriller film directed by Bruno Barreto and produced by his parents Lucy and Luiz Carlos Barreto. It is a dramatized version of the 1969 kidnapping of the United ...

'' by

Bruno Barreto Bruno Villela Barreto Borges (born 16 March 1955) is a Brazilian film director. Biography Born in Rio de Janeiro, Barreto has been making feature-length films ever since he was 17 years old and remains one of Brazil's most accomplished and pop ...

. Since the beginning of the democratization process, MR-8 was active inside the

Brazilian Democratic Movement Party The Brazilian Democratic Movement ( pt, Movimento Democrático Brasileiro, MDB) is a Brazilian political party. It is considered a " big tent party" and it is one of the parties with the greatest representation throughout the national territory, ...

(PMDB), being an arm of '' quercismo'' in the social movements. In 2008, after considering a merger with the Workers' Party (PT), members of MR-8 decided to create a new political party. The founding act of PPL happened on April 21, 2009 and was attended by hundreds of members of PMDB, as well as several representatives of left-leaning parties, such as PT,

PCdoB The Communist Party of Brazil ( pt-BR, Partido Comunista do Brasil, PCdoB) is a List of political parties in Brazil, political party in Brazil. The PCdoB officially adheres to Marxist–Leninist theory. It has national reach and deep penetrat ...

, PSB, PDT,

PCB PCB may refer to: Science and technology * Polychlorinated biphenyl, an organic chlorine compound, now recognized as an environmental toxin and classified as a persistent organic pollutant * Printed circuit board, a board used in electronics * ...

and the

Communist Party of Bolivia The Communist Party of Bolivia ( es, Partido Comunista de Bolivia) is a communist party in Bolivia. It was founded in 1950 by Raúl Ruiz González and other former members of the Revolutionary Left Party (PIR). It remained small and did not hol ...

. On October 3, 2011, judges of the Supreme Electoral Court unanimously granted the request for PPL's creation, making it the 29th legal

political party in Brazil Brazil has a multi-party system since 1979, when the country's military dictatorship disbanded an enforced two-party system and allowed the creation of multiple parties. Above the broad range of political parties in Brazilian Congress, the Wo ...

. In 2014 general election PPL endorsed Marina Silva, who arrived 3rd with 21,32% of the votes. In 2018 general election PPL endorsed João Vicente Goulart (son of former president

João Goulart João Belchior Marques Goulart (1 March 1919 – 6 December 1976), commonly known as Jango, was a Brazilian politician who served as the 24th president of Brazil until a military coup d'état deposed him on 1 April 1964. He was considered the ...

), who got 0,03% of votes, arriving 13th. In 2018, after falling to get enough votes to keep receiving funds from the

Superior Electoral Court The Superior Electoral Court ( pt-BR, Tribunal Superior Eleitoral, TSE) is the highest body of the Brazilian Electoral Justice, which also comprises one Regional Electoral Court ( pt-BR, Tribunal Regional Eleitoral, TRE) in each of the 26 states ...

, the party announced that it would merge with the

Communist Party of Brazil The Communist Party of Brazil ( pt-BR, Partido Comunista do Brasil, PCdoB) is a political party in Brazil. The PCdoB officially adheres to Marxist–Leninist theory. It has national reach and deep penetration in the trade union and student ...

(PCdoB) and in December of that year the party signed a compromise making the merge official and the organization ceased to exist.

Ideology

The political aim of the PPL was to radicalise the course followed by the

Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (; born Luiz Inácio da Silva; 27 October 1945), known mononymously as Lula, is a Brazilian politician, trade unionist, and former metalworker who is the president-elect of Brazil. A member of the Workers' Party ...

administration. To this end, it listed five basic objectives: the strengthening of the internal market, in order to generate more jobs; the reduction of the basic interest rate; the technological development of the country; the accomplishment of full economy; and the ensuring of good public health and education for all.

Electoral results

Presidential elections

References

{{Brazilian political parties 2009 establishments in Brazil 2018 disestablishments in Brazil Communist parties in Brazil Defunct political parties in Brazil Far-left politics in Brazil Political parties disestablished in 2018 Political parties established in 2009 Left-wing politics in Brazil Left-wing parties Far-left political parties