Franklin Henry Martin (July 13, 1857 – March 7, 1935) was an American physician. He was the founder of the

Journal of the American College of Surgeons The ''Journal of the American College of Surgeons'' is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering research in the field of surgery and is the official journal of the American College of Surgeons. The journal publishes original research an ...

and established the

American College of Surgeons The American College of Surgeons is an educational association of surgeons created in 1913.American College of Surgeons Online "What is the American College of Surgeons?"/ref> See also *American College of Physicians The American College o ...

. Ritter was a member of the National Advisory Commission of the

Council of National Defense The Council of National Defense was a United States organization formed during World War I to coordinate resources and industry in support of the war effort, including the coordination of transportation, industrial and farm production, financial s ...

during

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

Early life

Franklin Henry Martin was born on July 13, 1857, in

Ixonia, Wisconsin Ixonia is a town in Jefferson County, Wisconsin, Jefferson County, Wisconsin. The population was 4,385 at the time of the 2010 United States Census, 2010 census. The unincorporated communities of Ixonia (CDP), Wisconsin, Ixonia and Pipersville, W ...

, to Edmond Martin. His father fought and died during the

Civil War A civil war or intrastate war is a war between organized groups within the same state (or country). The aim of one side may be to take control of the country or a region, to achieve independence for a region, or to change government policies ...

. He worked as a farmhand, brickmaker and school teacher before encouraged by an aunt to study medicine. Martin graduated from

Chicago Medical College (''City in a Garden''); I Will , image_map = , map_caption = Interactive Map of Chicago , coordinates = , coordinates_footnotes = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name ...

in 1880 with a

M.D. Doctor of Medicine (abbreviated M.D., from the Latin ''Medicinae Doctor'') is a medical degree, the meaning of which varies between different jurisdictions. In the United States, and some other countries, the M.D. denotes a professional degree. T ...

Career

Martin served as an intern at Mercy Hospital in

Chicago (''City in a Garden''); I Will , image_map = , map_caption = Interactive Map of Chicago , coordinates = , coordinates_footnotes = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name ...

. He would practice medicine at Mercy Hospital for the remainder of his life. In 1883, Martin founded the Chicago South-Side Medico-Social Society where medical papers could be presented. By 1905, Martin established the journal ''Surgery, Gynecology & Obstetrics'', now called the ''

'', with other physicians. He served as the managing editor of the journal from 1905 to 1935. In 1913, Martin established the

. He served as the Director-General from 1913 to 1935. After the outbreak of

, Martin worked with college fellows to approach the

Surgeon General of the U.S. Army The Surgeon General of the United States Army is the senior-most officer of the U.S. Army Medical Department (AMEDD). By policy, the Surgeon General (TSG) serves as Commanding General, U.S. Army Medical Command (MEDCOM) as well as head of the ...

to aid in reorganizing and enlarging the

Medical Reserve Corps The Medical Reserve Corps (MRC) is a network in the U.S. of community-based units initiated and established by local organizations aimed to meet the public health needs of their communities. It is sponsored by the Office of the Assistant Secretary ...

. In 1916, Martin was appointed by President

Woodrow Wilson Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28, 1856February 3, 1924) was an American politician and academic who served as the 28th president of the United States from 1913 to 1921. A member of the Democratic Party, Wilson served as the president of ...

to serve on the National Advisory Commission of the

as the medical representative. Martin wrote ''Electricity in Diseases of Women and Obstetrics'' in 1892. He also wrote ''South America from a Surgeon's Point of View'' in 1922.

Personal life

Martin married Isabelle Hallister, the daughter of the Chicago physician John H. Hallister, in 1886. Martin died on March 7, 1935, in

Tucson, Arizona , "(at the) base of the black ill , nicknames = "The Old Pueblo", "Optics Valley", "America's biggest small town" , image_map = , mapsize = 260px , map_caption = Interactive map ...

, following a short illness. He was buried in Graceland Cemetery in Chicago.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Martin, Franklin 1857 births 1935 deaths People from Ixonia, Wisconsin Feinberg School of Medicine alumni Physicians from Chicago Council of National Defense 19th-century American physicians 20th-century American physicians Burials at Graceland Cemetery (Chicago)