Franjo Dugan (11 September 1874 – 12 December 1948) was a prominent

Croat The Croats (; hr, Hrvati ) are a South Slavic ethnic group who share a common Croatian ancestry, culture, history and language. They are also a recognized minority in a number of neighboring countries, namely Austria, the Czech Republic, Ge ...

ian

composer A composer is a person who writes music. The term is especially used to indicate composers of Western classical music, or those who are composers by occupation. Many composers are, or were, also skilled performers of music. Etymology and Defi ...

organist An organist is a musician who plays any type of organ (music), organ. An organist may play organ repertoire, solo organ works, play with an musical ensemble, ensemble or orchestra, or accompany one or more singers or instrumentalist, instrumental ...

and

academic An academy (Attic Greek: Ἀκαδήμεια; Koine Greek Ἀκαδημία) is an institution of secondary education, secondary or tertiary education, tertiary higher education, higher learning (and generally also research or honorary membershi ...

Biography

Dugan received his first lessons in organ from Vatroslav Kolander, organist in

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.croatianhistory.net
Biography (bilingual: Croatian and English). Access date 16 March 2019. After graduating in

Classical Gymnasium in Zagreb The Classical Gymnasium ( hr, Klasična gimnazija) is a gymnasium high school (similar to a grammar school in England and Wales) situated in Zagreb, Croatia. It was founded by the Society of Jesus in 1607. In its first year it had 260 students a ...

in 1892 he went to Hochmusikschule in

Berlin Berlin ( , ) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's most populous city, according to population within city limits. One of Germany's sixteen constitue ...

, where he graduated in 1908. His professors were Robert Kahn and

Max Bruch Max Bruch (6 January 1838 – 2 October 1920) was a German Romantic composer, violinist, teacher, and conductor who wrote more than 200 works, including three violin concertos, the first of which has become a prominent staple of the standard v ...

. By returning to

Croatia , image_flag = Flag of Croatia.svg , image_coat = Coat of arms of Croatia.svg , anthem = "Lijepa naša domovino"("Our Beautiful Homeland") , image_map = , map_caption = , capit ...

, he became a professor in

Osijek Osijek () is the fourth-largest city in Croatia, with a population of 96,848 in 2021. It is the largest city and the economic and cultural centre of the eastern Croatian region of Slavonia, as well as the administrative centre of Osijek-Baranja ...

and

Zagreb Zagreb ( , , , ) is the capital (political), capital and List of cities and towns in Croatia#List of cities and towns, largest city of Croatia. It is in the Northern Croatia, northwest of the country, along the Sava river, at the southern slop ...

(1921-1941), where he taught

music theory Music theory is the study of the practices and possibilities of music. ''The Oxford Companion to Music'' describes three interrelated uses of the term "music theory". The first is the "rudiments", that are needed to understand music notation (ke ...

composition Composition or Compositions may refer to: Arts and literature *Composition (dance), practice and teaching of choreography *Composition (language), in literature and rhetoric, producing a work in spoken tradition and written discourse, to include v ...

and

organs In biology, an organ is a collection of tissues joined in a structural unit to serve a common function. In the hierarchy of life, an organ lies between tissue and an organ system. Tissues are formed from same type cells to act together in a fu ...

. He was

choirmaster A choir ( ; also known as a chorale or chorus) is a musical ensemble of singers. Choral music, in turn, is the music written specifically for such an ensemble to perform. Choirs may perform music from the classical music repertoire, which sp ...

of the several choirs (''Kolo'', ''Sloga'', ''Oratory choir of the St. Mark's Church'') and the organist of the St. Mark's Church. He was one of the founders of the Cecilian movement in Croatia, harmonizing a vast number of Croatian folk chants. He was a member of the

Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts The Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts ( la, Academia Scientiarum et Artium Croatica, hr, Hrvatska akademija znanosti i umjetnosti, abbrev. HAZU) is the national academy of Croatia. HAZU was founded under patronage of the Croatian bishop Jo ...

Works

He composed in a late romantical style, relying on the

Baroque The Baroque (, ; ) is a style of architecture, music, dance, painting, sculpture, poetry, and other arts that flourished in Europe from the early 17th century until the 1750s. In the territories of the Spanish and Portuguese empires including t ...

polyphony Polyphony ( ) is a type of musical texture consisting of two or more simultaneous lines of independent melody, as opposed to a musical texture with just one voice, monophony, or a texture with one dominant melodic voice accompanied by chords, h ...

. He was partially inspired by Croatian folklore, especially sacral traditions of the

Hrvatsko Zagorje Hrvatsko Zagorje (; Croatian Zagorje; ''zagorje'' is Croatian for "backland" or "behind the hills") is a cultural region in northern Croatia, traditionally separated from the country's capital Zagreb by the Medvednica Mountain. It comprises ...

, where he was born. He composed more than fifty vocal and instrumental (mostly for organs) music works.Kovačević, Krešimir. ''Muzičko stvaralaštvo u Hrvatskoj 1945-1965'', Zagreb: Udruženje kompozitora Hrvatske, 1966, p. 189-190.

Orchestral works

* ''Uvertira'' (Overture), 1985 * ''Simfonijski andante'' (Symphonical andante), 1908

Works for organ

*''Šest fughetta'', 1893 *''Dva preludija'', 1893 *''Prélude et fugue'' in G-major, 1894. *''Dvije fuge'', in c-minor and f-minor, 1894 *''Kromatska fuga'' in c-minor, 1895. *''Toccata'' in g-minor, 1895. *''Fantazija'' (Fantasy), 1895. *''Preludij i fuga'' in H-major, 1908/09 *''Božićna predigra'', 1942

Scientific papers

*''Elementarna teorija muzike'' (Elementary Theory of Music), 1922. *''Vježbe za zborno pjevanje'' 1923 *''Nauka o muzičkim formama'', 1932 *''Nauka o instrumentima'', 1936 *''Akustika'' (Acustics), 1943 *''Nauk o glasbalima'', 1944 *''Nauka o formama'' (left in manuscript)

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dugan, Franjo 1874 births 1948 deaths Croatian organists Croatian composers Members of the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts Academic staff of the University of Osijek Academic staff of the University of Zagreb