Francisco Miró Quesada Cantuarias (21 December 1918 – 11 June 2019) was a
Peru
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vian
philosopher,
journalist
A journalist is an individual that collects/gathers information in form of text, audio, or pictures, processes them into a news-worthy form, and disseminates it to the public. The act or process mainly done by the journalist is called journalis ...
and
politician
A politician is a person active in party politics, or a person holding or seeking an elected office in government. Politicians propose, support, reject and create laws that govern the land and by an extension of its people. Broadly speaking ...
.
In his works he discusses the belief in "human nature" on the basis that any collective assumption about such a nature will be frustrating, and will have negative public results. He was interested in so-called "unorthodox logics". The term "
paraconsistent logic" was coined in 1976 by him. He made his editorial debut in 1941, with Sense of the phenomenological movement.
[
]
He was the first person of the Americas to hold the position of president of the International Federation of Philosophy Societies, elected in Moscow in 1990.
Biography
He was the son of journalist
Óscar Miró Quesada de la Guerra and María Josefina Cantuarias Dañino. His father, a renowned social researcher, was director of the newspaper ''
El Comercio'' belonging to his family.
He completed his school studies, first, at the Pensionnat du Sacré-Coeur de Passy, in Paris, and then at the schools of the Sacred Hearts of Belén and
Recoleta, and at the Antonio Raimondi Italian school in Lima. He completed his studies at the Faculty of Arts of the
Pontifical Catholic University of Peru
Pontifical Catholic University of Peru ( es, link=no, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, PUCP) is a private university in Lima, Peru. It was founded in 1917 with the support and approval of the Catholic Church, being the oldest private ...
, where he graduated from Bachelor of Philosophy with the thesis ''Crítica de la prueba ontológica a través de San Anselmo, Descartes, Spinoza y Leibniz'' (''Critic of the ontological test through San Anselmo, Descartes, Spinoza and Leibniz'') in 1938, and he continued at the
National University of San Marcos
The National University of San Marcos ( es, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, link=no, UNMSM) is a public research university located in Lima, the capital of Peru. It is considered the most important, recognized and representative educ ...
, where he studied Philosophy and Mathematics, opting for the degree of doctor with the thesis ''Algunos estudios sobre las categorías. Ensayo de una crítica de la vida sicológica en general'' (''Some studies on the categories. Essay of a critique of psychological life in general'') in 1939. Subsequently, he obtained the bachelors in Mathematics and Law (1953) in the latter university and the title of lawyer.
He made his debut in 1941 with ''Sentido del movimiento fenomenológico'' (''Meaning of the phenomenological movement''). The term ''
paraconsistent logic'' was coined by Miró Quesada at the Third Latin America Conference on Mathematical Logic in 1976.
After Miró Quesada graduated from the
University of San Marcos
The National University of San Marcos ( es, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, link=no, UNMSM) is a public research university located in Lima, the capital of Peru. It is considered the most important, recognized and representative educ ...
with a doctorate in Philosophy, he began teaching there as a professor of Contemporary Philosophy. Later, in 1952, he was granted a scholarship by
UNESCO
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) aimed at promoting world peace and security through international cooperation in education, arts, sciences and culture. It ...
to go to France, Italy, and England to study the formation of the secondary teaching staff. In 1953, he published the Sunday Supplement (el Suplemento Dominical).
In July 1963, during the first
Popular Action government, President
Fernando Belaúnde Terry
Fernando is a Spanish and Portuguese given name and a surname common in Spain, Portugal, Italy, France, Switzerland, former Spanish or Portuguese colonies in Latin America, Africa, the Philippines, India, and Sri Lanka. It is equivalent to the G ...
appointed him
Minister of Public Education of Peru. As such, he made several innovations, among which highlight the creation of an office dedicated to serving parents, another oriented to the attention of the members of the teachers' union; the massive construction of classrooms using the methods of Popular Cooperation – one of the principles inspired by the acciopopulist ideology; the application, for the first time, of bilingual education methods in Peru; and the incorporation of a high percentage of the primary school population into the education system. In October 1964, he was questioned by the appropriate majority of the National Parliament and censured for leaving the floor without the debate over the alleged illegal transfer of several million soles from his office.
During the government of
Francisco Morales Bermúdez
Francisco Remigio Morales Bermúdez Cerruti (4 October 1921 – 14 July 2022) was a Peruvian politician and general who was the ''de facto'' President of Peru (2nd President of the Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces) between 1975 and ...
, he was an ideologist summoned for this management and worked as a professor at Cayetano Heredia University and Lima University. Upon reaching seventy years of age, he was dismissed at the
University of Lima
The University of Lima ( es, Universidad de Lima) is a private nonprofit university in Lima, Peru.
It was founded in 1962 and it is considered one of the most prestigious and remembered universities in Peru. The decision to create the Universi ...
; and went on to work at the
Ricardo Palma University. He continues publishing in the newspaper of his family, ''El Comercio de Lima''.
From 2003 to September 2008, he served as the journalistic director of the newspaper ''
El Comercio''.
Francisco Miró Quesada Cantuarias received on 9 December 2008 the Medal of Honor of the
Congress of the Republic, in the degree of Grand Officer for his outstanding philosophical work, journalism, political thought and scientific dissemination.
References
External links
Francisco Miró-Quesada Cantuarias
{{DEFAULTSORT:Miro Quesada Cantuarias, Francisco
1918 births
2019 deaths
Writers from Lima
Peruvian people of Catalan descent
Peruvian people of Jewish descent
Peruvian people of French descent
Peruvian people of Venezuelan descent
Peruvian people of Panamanian descent
Peruvian people of Basque descent
Former Roman Catholics
Popular Action (Peru) politicians
Peruvian philosophers
Peruvian journalists
Male journalists
Peruvian male writers
Government ministers of Peru
Peruvian Ministers of Education
National University of San Marcos alumni
National University of San Marcos faculty
Grand Crosses of the Order of the Sun of Peru
Peruvian atheists
Peruvian centenarians
Ambassadors of Peru to France
Men centenarians