Francisco de Remolins (1462–1518) (called the Cardinal of Sorrento and ''il cardinale Elvense'') was a Spanish

Roman Catholic Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy *Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD *Roman people, the people of ancient Rome *'' Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a lette ...

bishop A bishop is an ordained clergy member who is entrusted with a position of authority and oversight in a religious institution. In Christianity, bishops are normally responsible for the governance of dioceses. The role or office of bishop is ca ...

and

cardinal Cardinal or The Cardinal may refer to: Animals * Cardinal (bird) or Cardinalidae, a family of North and South American birds **''Cardinalis'', genus of cardinal in the family Cardinalidae **''Cardinalis cardinalis'', or northern cardinal, the ...

Biography

Francisco de Remolins was born in

Lleida Lleida (, ; Spanish: Lérida ) is a city in the west of Catalonia, Spain. It is the capital city of the province of Lleida. Geographically, it is located in the Catalan Central Depression. It is also the capital city of the Segrià comarca, as ...

in 1462. He studied law at the

University of Lleida The University of Lleida (officially in Catalan: ''Universitat de Lleida'') is a university based in Lleida, Catalonia, Spain. It was the first university founded in Catalonia and in the ancient Crown of Aragon. It was founded in 1300, using the ...

, and then at the University of Pisa, from which he received a doctorate of both laws. Remolins married as a young man, but his marriage was annulled and the young woman entered a

convent A convent is a community of monks, nuns, religious brothers or, sisters or priests. Alternatively, ''convent'' means the building used by the community. The word is particularly used in the Catholic Church, Lutheran churches, and the Anglican ...

. Remolins received the

tonsure Tonsure () is the practice of cutting or shaving some or all of the hair on the scalp as a sign of religious devotion or humility. The term originates from the Latin word ' (meaning "clipping" or "shearing") and referred to a specific practice in ...

and then became a secretary to

Ferdinand II of Aragon Ferdinand II ( an, Ferrando; ca, Ferran; eu, Errando; it, Ferdinando; la, Ferdinandus; es, Fernando; 10 March 1452 – 23 January 1516), also called Ferdinand the Catholic (Spanish: ''el Católico''), was King of Aragon and Sardinia from ...

. The king later appointed him as his

ambassador An ambassador is an official envoy, especially a high-ranking diplomat who represents a state and is usually accredited to another sovereign state or to an international organization as the resident representative of their own government or sov ...

to the

Holy See The Holy See ( lat, Sancta Sedes, ; it, Santa Sede ), also called the See of Rome, Petrine See or Apostolic See, is the jurisdiction of the Pope in his role as the bishop of Rome. It includes the apostolic episcopal see of the Diocese of Rome ...

. He then became a

preceptor A preceptor (from Latin, "''praecepto''") is a teacher responsible for upholding a ''precept'', meaning a certain law or tradition. Buddhist monastic orders Senior Buddhist monks can become the preceptors for newly ordained monks. In the Buddhi ...

Cesare Borgia Cesare Borgia (; ca-valencia, Cèsar Borja ; es, link=no, César Borja ; 13 September 1475 – 12 March 1507) was an Italian ex- cardinal and '' condottiero'' (mercenary leader) of Aragonese (Spanish) origin, whose fight for power was a major ...

. Remolins became cantor of the

cathedral chapter According to both Catholic and Anglican canon law, a cathedral chapter is a college of clerics ( chapter) formed to advise a bishop and, in the case of a vacancy of the episcopal see in some countries, to govern the diocese during the vacancy. In ...

of Mazzara. He then became a

protonotary apostolic In the Roman Catholic Church, protonotary apostolic (PA; Latin: ''protonotarius apostolicus'') is the title for a member of the highest non-episcopal college of prelates in the Roman Curia or, outside Rome, an honorary prelate on whom the pop ...

. He was later an auditor of the Roman Rota and an auditor of the governor of

Rome , established_title = Founded , established_date = 753 BC , founder = King Romulus (legendary) , image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg , map_caption ...

. In 1496 Cardinal

Luis Julian de Milà Luis is a given name. It is the Spanish language, Spanish form of the originally Germanic language, Germanic name or . Other Iberian Romance languages have comparable forms: (with an accent mark on the i) in Portuguese language, Portuguese and ...

Bishop of Lleida This is a list of bishops of Lleida. *Itxió 203 *Sant Filó 227 *Joan 230 *Pere 258 *Màrius Seli 259 *Sant Lleir 268–311 *Diperdió 313 *Amili 380 *Prudenci 400 *Atanasi 413 *Saguici 413 *Jacobo 419 *Seberí 460 *Fortunat 517 *Pere 519 *And ...

, named him auxiliary bishop of

. He was

consecrated Consecration is the solemn dedication to a special purpose or service. The word ''consecration'' literally means "association with the sacred". Persons, places, or things can be consecrated, and the term is used in various ways by different grou ...

as a

by Cardinal de Milà ca. 1496. In 1498 he was sent to

Florence Florence ( ; it, Firenze ) is a city in Central Italy and the capital city of the Tuscany region. It is the most populated city in Tuscany, with 383,083 inhabitants in 2016, and over 1,520,000 in its metropolitan area.Bilancio demografico an ...

along with

Gioacchino Torriani Gioacchino is a masculine Italian given name, equivalent to the English Joachim. Notable people with the name include: * Gioacchino Assereto (1600–1649), Italian painter * Gioacchino Cocchi (1720–1804), Italian composer * Gioacchino Colombo (1 ...

Master of the Order of Preachers The Master of the Order of Preachers is the Superior General of the Order of Preachers, commonly known as the Dominican Order, Dominicans. The Master of the Order of Preachers is ''ex officio'' Chancellor (education), Grand Chancellor of the Pont ...

, as

Commissary Apostolic A Commissary Apostolic (Latin ''Commissarius Apostolicus'') is Commissary (i.e. one who has received power from a legitimate superior authority to pass judgment in a certain cause or to take information concerning it) who has been appointed by the ...

to initiate process against Girolamo Savonarola; Savonarola was sentenced to death on 18 May 1498. Because of his family's closeness to

Pope Alexander VI Pope Alexander VI ( it, Alessandro VI, va, Alexandre VI, es, Alejandro VI; born Rodrigo de Borja; ca-valencia, Roderic Llançol i de Borja ; es, Rodrigo Lanzol y de Borja, lang ; 1431 – 18 August 1503) was head of the Catholic Churc ...

, he then resigned as auxiliary bishop of Lleida to join the papal court. In February 1501, the pope appointed him governor of Rome; as governor, he carried on a bloody repression of the pope's enemies, the

Colonna family The House of Colonna, also known as ''Sciarrillo'' or ''Sciarra'', is an Italian noble family, forming part of the papal nobility. It was powerful in Middle Ages, medieval and Roman Renaissance, Renaissance Rome, supplying one pope (Pope Martin ...

and the

Orsini family The House of Orsini is an Italian noble family that was one of the most influential princely families in medieval Italy and Renaissance Rome. Members of the Orsini family include five popes: Stephen II (752-757), Paul I (757-767), Celestine II ...

. He was named Archbishop of Sorrento on 3 March 1501; he held this office until 23 January 1512. He was taken prisoner by the

Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...

and had to be ransomed by the church. Pope Alexander VI made him a cardinal priest in the consistory of 31 May 1503. He received the titular church of Santi Giovanni e Paolo on 12 June 1503. He served as

apostolic administrator An Apostolic administration in the Catholic Church is administrated by a prelate appointed by the pope to serve as the ordinary for a specific area. Either the area is not yet a diocese (a stable 'pre-diocesan', usually missionary apostolic admi ...

of the see of Perugia from 4 August 1503 until March 1506. He participated in both the papal conclave of September 1503 that elected

Pope Pius III Pope Pius III ( it, Pio III; 9 May 1439 – 18 October 1503), born Francesco Todeschini, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 22 September 1503 to his death. At just twenty-six days, he had one of the shortest ...

and the papal conclave of October 1503 that elected

Pope Julius II Pope Julius II ( la, Iulius II; it, Giulio II; born Giuliano della Rovere; 5 December 144321 February 1513) was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 1503 to his death in February 1513. Nicknamed the Warrior Pope or th ...

. Following the election of Pope Julius II, Cardinal Remolins feared reprisals against the

House of Borgia The House of Borgia ( , ; Spanish and an, Borja ; ca-valencia, Borja ) was an Italian-Aragonese Spanish noble family, which rose to prominence during the Italian Renaissance. They were from Valencia, the surname being a toponymic from the town ...

and therefore escaped from Rome on 20 December 1503. The pope, however, wrote him a conciliatory letter and the cardinal returned to Rome and entered the pope's service. As a diplomat, he secured the devolution of the

Romagna Romagna ( rgn, Rumâgna) is an Italian historical region that approximately corresponds to the south-eastern portion of present-day Emilia-Romagna, North Italy. Traditionally, it is limited by the Apennines to the south-west, the Adriatic to t ...

from the

Republic of Venice The Republic of Venice ( vec, Repùblega de Venèsia) or Venetian Republic ( vec, Repùblega Vèneta, links=no), traditionally known as La Serenissima ( en, Most Serene Republic of Venice, italics=yes; vec, Serenìsima Repùblega de Venèsia, ...

. Also, in the course of the

Italian War of 1499–1504 Italian(s) may refer to: * Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries ** Italians, an ethnic group or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom ** Italian language, a Romance language *** Regional Ita ...

, he acted in the service of Ferdinand II of Aragon against

Louis XII of France Louis XII (27 June 14621 January 1515), was King of France from 1498 to 1515 and King of Naples from 1501 to 1504. The son of Charles, Duke of Orléans, and Maria of Cleves, he succeeded his 2nd cousin once removed and brother in law at the tim ...

. In 1504, he became Bishop of Fermo, occupying this see until his death, though without ever visiting the diocese in person. In 1511, he replaced Ramón de Cardona as

Viceroy of Naples This is a list of viceroys of the Kingdom of Naples. Following the conquest of Naples by Louis XII of France in 1501, Naples was subject to the rule of the foreign rulers, the Kings of France, Aragon and Spain and the Habsburg Archdukes of Austria ...

, holding this office until 1513. He opted for the titular church of San Marcello al Corso on 27 October 1511, though also retaining the ''titulus'' of Santi Giovanni e Paolo ''

in commendam In canon law, commendam (or ''in commendam'') was a form of transferring an ecclesiastical benefice ''in trust'' to the ''custody'' of a patron. The phrase ''in commendam'' was originally applied to the provisional occupation of an ecclesiastical ...

'' until 6 July 1517. At the end of 1511, he became

archpriest The ecclesiastical title of archpriest or archpresbyter belongs to certain priests with supervisory duties over a number of parishes. The term is most often used in Eastern Orthodoxy and the Eastern Catholic Churches and may be somewhat analogous ...

of the

Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore The Basilica of Saint Mary Major ( it, Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore, ; la, Basilica Sanctae Mariae Maioris), or church of Santa Maria Maggiore, is a Major papal basilica as well as one of the Seven Pilgrim Churches of Rome and the larges ...

. He attended the Fifth Council of the Lateran (1512–17). On 23 January 1512 he became the

of the

see of Palermo The Roman Catholic Metropolitan bishop, Metropolitan Archdiocese of Palermo ( la, Archidioecesis Panormitana) was founded as the Diocese of Palermo in the first century and raised to the status of archdiocese in the 11th century.

; he held this post until his death. He played a part in establishing the Roman Inquisition in Palermo; he was a great supporter of the Inquisition. He participated in the papal conclave of 1513 that elected

Pope Leo X Pope Leo X ( it, Leone X; born Giovanni di Lorenzo de' Medici, 11 December 14751 December 1521) was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 9 March 1513 to his death in December 1521. Born into the prominent political an ...

. He was administrator of the see of Sarno from 22 June 1513 until 11 February 1517. In mid-1513, he was opposed to Pope Leo X giving clemency to Cardinals

Bernardino López de Carvajal Bernardino López de Carvajal (8 September 1456, in Plasencia, Extremadura – 16 December 1523, in Rome) was a Spanish Cardinal (Catholicism), Cardinal. He was a nephew of Juan Carvajal (cardinal), Cardinal Juan Carvajal, and advanced rapidly ...

and

Federico di Sanseverino Federico di Sanseverino (died 1516) was an Italian Roman Catholic cardinal of the 16th century. Biography Federico di Sanseverino was born in Naples in 1475 or 1477. He was the son of Roberto Sanseverino d'Aragona, a general of the papal army, ...

. From 9 September 1513 until his death, he was administrator of the see of Gallipoli. For the second half of 1515, he was also administrator of the see of Lavello. He opted for the order of cardinal bishops on 16 March 1517, taking the

Suburbicarian Diocese of Albano The Diocese of Albano ( la, Albanensis) is a suburbicarian see of the Roman Catholic Church in a diocese in Italy, comprising seven towns in the Province of Rome. Albano Laziale is situated some 15 kilometers from Rome, on the Appian Way. Under c ...

. In May 1517, he was one of three cardinals who managed the process of two cardinals,

Bandinello Sauli Bandinello Sauli (c. 1481 – 28 March 1518) was an Italian Roman Catholic bishop and cardinal. Biography Bandinello Sauli was born in Genoa, ca. 1481, the son of nobles Pasquale Sauli and Mariola Giustiniani Longhi. .Hyde, Cardinal Bendinello ...

and

Alfonso Petrucci Alfonso Petrucci (c. 1491 – July 16, 1517) was an Italian people, Italian nobleman, born to the Petrucci Family. He was the son of Pandolfo Petrucci. In 1511, he was made a cardinal, which gave the Petrucci dynasty some influence within the chur ...

, accused of plotting against the pope. As president of this tribunal, he sentenced Cardinal Petrucci to death on 16 July 1517. On 4 November 1517 he was one of eight cardinals appointed to a commission to wage war against the

. He was the cardinal protector of the Servite Order. He died in Rome on 5 February 1518. He was buried in the Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore - he was allegedly buried alive because when his coffin was later opened, his arm was above his head. He was reburied in Santa Maria sopra Minerva.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Remolins, Francisco de 1462 births 1518 deaths People from Lleida 16th-century Spanish cardinals Cardinals created by Pope Alexander VI