DNA-formamidopyrimidine glycosylase (, ''Fapy-DNA glycosylase'', ''deoxyribonucleate glycosidase'', ''2,6-diamino-4-hydroxy-5N-formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase'', ''2,6-diamino-4-hydroxy-5(N-methyl)formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase'', ''formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase'', ''DNA-formamidopyrimidine glycosidase'', ''Fpg protein'') is an

enzyme Enzymes () are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different molecules known as products. A ...

with

systematic name A systematic name is a name given in a systematic way to one unique group, organism, object or chemical substance, out of a specific population or collection. Systematic names are usually part of a nomenclature. A semisystematic name or semitrivial ...

''DNA glycohydrolase (2,6-diamino-4-hydroxy-5-(N-methyl)formamidopyrimide releasing)''. FPG is a

base excision repair Base excision repair (BER) is a cellular mechanism, studied in the fields of biochemistry and genetics, that repairs damaged DNA throughout the cell cycle. It is responsible primarily for removing small, non-helix-distorting base lesions from t ...

which recognizes and removes a wide range of oxidized

purine Purine is a heterocyclic compound, heterocyclic aromatic organic compound that consists of two rings (pyrimidine and imidazole) fused together. It is water-soluble. Purine also gives its name to the wider class of molecules, purines, which includ ...

s from correspondingly damaged DNA. It was discovered by Zimbabwean scientist Christopher J. Chetsanga in 1975. This enzyme catalyses the following

chemical reaction A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the IUPAC nomenclature for organic transformations, chemical transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. Classically, chemical reactions encompass changes that only involve the pos ...

Hydrolysis Hydrolysis (; ) is any chemical reaction in which a molecule of water breaks one or more chemical bonds. The term is used broadly for substitution reaction, substitution, elimination reaction, elimination, and solvation reactions in which water ...

of DNA containing ring-opened

7-methylguanine 7-Methylguanine is a modified purine nucleobase. It is a methylated version of guanine. The 7-methylguanine nucleoside is called 7-methylguanosine. However, the free 7-methylguanine base is not involved in the synthesis of nucleotides and not inc ...

residues, releasing 2,6-diamino-4-hydroxy-5-(N-methyl)formamidopyrimidine This enzyme participates in processes leading to recovery from

mutagenesis Mutagenesis () is a process by which the genetic information of an organism is changed by the production of a mutation. It may occur spontaneously in nature, or as a result of exposure to mutagens. It can also be achieved experimentally using la ...

and/or cell death by

alkylating agent Alkylation is the transfer of an alkyl group from one molecule to another. The alkyl group may be transferred as an alkyl carbocation, a free radical, a carbanion, or a carbene (or their equivalents). Alkylating agents are reagents for effecting al ...

References

External links

* {{Portal bar, Biology, border=no EC 3.2.2