Floral design or flower arrangement is the art of using plant materials and

flower A flower, sometimes known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants (plants of the division Angiospermae). The biological function of a flower is to facilitate reproduction, usually by providing a mechani ...

s to create an eye-catching and balanced composition or display. Evidence of refined

floristry Floristry is the production, commerce, and trade in flowers. It encompasses flower care and handling, floral design and arrangement, merchandising, production, display and flower delivery. Wholesale florists sell bulk flowers and related sup ...

is found as far back as the culture of ancient Egypt. Professionally designed floral designs, arrangements or artwork incorporate the elements of floral design: line, form, space, texture, and color, and the principles of floral design: balance, proportion, rhythm, contrast, harmony, and unity. There are many styles of floral design including Botanical Style, Garden Style (Hand Tied, Compote or Armature), Crescent Corsage, Nosegay Corsage, Pot au Fleur, Inverted "T", Parallel Systems, Western Line, Hedgerow Design, Mille de Fleur, and Formal Linear. The Eastern, Western, and European styles have all influenced the commercial floral industry as it is today.

Ikebana is the Japanese art of flower arrangement. It is also known as . The tradition dates back to Heian period, when floral offerings were made at altars. Later, flower arrangements were instead used to adorn the (alcove) of a traditional Japan ...

is a Japanese style of floral design, and incorporates the three main line placements of heaven, human, and earth. In contrast, the European style emphasizes color and variety of botanical materials not limited to just blooming flowers, in mass gatherings of multiple flowers. Western design historically is characterized by symmetrical, asymmetrical, horizontal, and vertical style of arrangements. In addition to flower arrangements, floral design includes making

wreath A wreath () is an assortment of flowers, leaves, fruits, twigs, or various materials that is constructed to form a circle . In English-speaking countries, wreaths are used typically as household ornaments, most commonly as an Advent and Chri ...

nosegay A nosegay, posy, or tussie-mussie is a small flower bouquet, typically given as a gift. They have existed in some form since at least medieval times, when they were carried or worn around the head or bodice. Doilies are traditionally used to bin ...

s, garlands,

festoon A festoon (from French ''feston'', Italian ''festone'', from a Late Latin ''festo'', originally a festal garland, Latin ''festum'', feast) is a wreath or garland hanging from two points, and in architecture typically a carved ornament depicti ...

s, boutonnieres,

corsage A corsage is a small bouquet of flowers worn on a woman's dress or around her wrist for a formal occasion. They are typically given to her by her date. Today, corsages are most commonly seen at homecomings, proms, and similar formal events. In ...

s, and bows.

Dried arrangements and related media

Permanent creations and components incorporating dried materials such as bark, wood, dried flowers, dried (and often aromatic)

inflorescence An inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a stem that is composed of a main branch or a complicated arrangement of branches. Morphologically, it is the modified part of the shoot of seed plants where flowers are formed o ...

s, leaves, leaf skeletons, preserved materials and artefacts, are common extensions of the art floral design, and are of practical importance in that they last indefinitely and are independent of the seasons. Their materials offer effects, idioms, and associations complementary to, and contrasting with, fresh flowers and foliage. File:Uetersen Rosengirlande 05.jpg, Floral designers at work in

Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...

File:Floraldesign 01.jpg, Floral design File:Floraldesign 03.jpg, A small design File:Crysanthemumjf.JPG,

Chrysanthemum Chrysanthemums (), sometimes called mums or chrysanths, are flowering plants of the genus ''Chrysanthemum'' in the family Asteraceae. They are native to East Asia and northeastern Europe. Most species originate from East Asia and the center ...

arrangement for catering

Schools

With the ever-growing interest in the natural world and flowers, the floral industry continues to grow. The increase in educational institutes providing training in floral design has expanded to many state universities as well as certified design schools worldwide.

Associations

Prominent industry associations that promote floral design worldwide include the American Institute of Floral Designers (AIFD), the Society of American Florists (SAF), and the National Association of Flower Arranging Societies (NAFAS). These and other associations promote floral design through

workshops Beginning with the Industrial Revolution era, a workshop may be a room, rooms or building which provides both the area and tools (or machinery) that may be required for the manufacture or repair of manufactured goods. Workshops were the only ...

conferences A conference is a meeting of two or more experts to discuss and exchange opinions or new information about a particular topic. Conferences can be used as a form of group decision-making, although discussion, not always decisions, are the main pu ...

, flower shows, and

seminar A seminar is a form of academic instruction, either at an academic institution or offered by a commercial or professional organization. It has the function of bringing together small groups for recurring meetings, focusing each time on some parti ...

Designers

Notable floral designers include

Daniel Ost Daniel Ost (born 5 August 1955) is a Belgian floral artist, floral designer and garden architect. '' CBS News'' has described him as "the world's leading flower designer" while ''The New York Times'' says that "to call him a master flower designe ...

Junichi Kakizaki is a Japanese artist, sculptor, floral artist, nature art artist, land art artist and environmental artist. He exhibits regularly both in Japan and internationally. Since 1992, he has mainly worked on scenography. He brought a floral design ...

Paula Pryke Paula Shane Pryke (born 29 April 1960) is a British florist and author. Family Her parents are Ralph and Gladys Pryke. She has been married to architect Peter Romaniuk since 1987. They have two daughters. Pryke was educated at Culford Schoo ...

Phil Rulloda Phil may refer to: * Phil (given name), a shortened version of masculine and feminine names * Phill, a given name also spelled "Phil" * Phil, Kentucky, United States * Phil (film), ''Phil'' (film), a 2019 film * -phil-, a lexical fragment, used as ...

Catherine Conlin Katherine, also spelled Catherine, and other variations are feminine names. They are popular in Christian countries because of their derivation from the name of one of the first Christian saints, Catherine of Alexandria. In the early Christ ...

Constance Spry Constance Spry (née Fletcher, previously Marr; 5 December 1886 – 3 January 1960) was a British educator, florist and author in the mid-20th century. Life Constance Fletcher was born in Derby in 1886, eldest child and only daughter of Geor ...

Jennifer McGarigle Jennifer McGarigle (born May 29, 1970) is an American designer specializing in floral arrangements, event décor, design classes and home furnishings. As the owner of Floral Art in Venice, CA she has been featured in ''The New York Times'', ''Los A ...

Judith Blacklock Judith Blacklock is an author and owner and founder of the Judith Blacklock Flower School. In 2011, she organised Flowers@Chicheley Hall. She teaches and demonstrates at leading global floral events, including the Chelsea Flower Show. and the Nati ...

Stanlee Gatti Stanlee Ray Gatti (born October 28, 1955) is an American event designer and arts administrator, based in San Francisco, California. He is famous for his innovation and unique style in the decoration and design of large and lavish parties. He has ...

Irene Hayes Irene Hayes (1896 – September 16, 1975) was a Ziegfeld girl and businesswoman who owned Irene Hayes Wadley & Smythe, a leading Manhattan florist, and Gallagher's Steak House after the death of her husband, Jack Solomon. She bought the f ...

Julia Clements Julia Clements (born Gladys Agnes Clements; 11 April 1906 – 1 November 2010) was an English flower arranger and lecturer on floral arranging whose career spanned over 60 years. She wrote some 20 bestselling books on the subject of flower a ...

, Azuma Makoto, and the

White House Chief Floral Designer The White House chief floral designer is responsible for the planning, design, arrangement and placement of all floral decorations for the first family, their private entertaining, and official state functions at the White House, the offici ...

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Floral Design Design Floristry Arts occupations

Dried arrangements and related media

Schools

Associations

Designers

See also

References