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Florence Ndepele Mwachande Mumba (born in
Mazabuka Mazabuka is a town in the Southern Province of Zambia. It is the capital of Mazabuka District, one of the thirteen administrative units in the Southern Province. The name Mazabuka originates from a Tonga local language word "kuzabuka" which me ...
,
Zambia Zambia (), officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country at the crossroads of Central, Southern and East Africa, although it is typically referred to as being in Southern Africa at its most central point. Its neighbours are t ...
in 1948), commonly referred to as Florence Mumba, is a Zambian judge at the
Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia The Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC; french: Chambres extraordinaires au sein des tribunaux cambodgiens (CETC); km, អង្គជំនុំជម្រះវិសាមញ្ញក្នុងតុលាការ ...
, also known as the Khmer Rouge Tribunal or the Cambodia Tribunal. She has also previously served in the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, the
International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR; french: Tribunal pénal international pour le Rwanda; rw, Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho u Rwanda) was an international court established in November 1994 by the United Nation ...
and as well as a Supreme Court Judge in
Zambia Zambia (), officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country at the crossroads of Central, Southern and East Africa, although it is typically referred to as being in Southern Africa at its most central point. Its neighbours are t ...
.


Background and education

She was born in
Mazabuka District Mazabuka District is a district of Zambia, located in Southern Province. The capital lies at Mazabuka Mazabuka is a town in the Southern Province of Zambia. It is the capital of Mazabuka District, one of the thirteen administrative units in ...
, in the Southern Province of
Zambia Zambia (), officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country at the crossroads of Central, Southern and East Africa, although it is typically referred to as being in Southern Africa at its most central point. Its neighbours are t ...
, in 1948. She graduated from the University of Zambia, School of Law, in 1972, with a
Bachelor of Laws Bachelor of Laws ( la, Legum Baccalaureus; LL.B.) is an undergraduate law degree in the United Kingdom and most common law jurisdictions. Bachelor of Laws is also the name of the law degree awarded by universities in the People's Republic of Ch ...
.


Work history in Zambia

In 1973 she went into private practice in
Zambia Zambia (), officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country at the crossroads of Central, Southern and East Africa, although it is typically referred to as being in Southern Africa at its most central point. Its neighbours are t ...
, serving in that capacity until 1980. In October of that year, she was appointed as a High Court Judge in
Zambia Zambia (), officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country at the crossroads of Central, Southern and East Africa, although it is typically referred to as being in Southern Africa at its most central point. Its neighbours are t ...
, being the first woman to serve in that capacity. She represented
Zambia Zambia (), officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country at the crossroads of Central, Southern and East Africa, although it is typically referred to as being in Southern Africa at its most central point. Its neighbours are t ...
at the Conference on Women in 1985 and at the African Regional Conference on Women in 1994. She was appointed to ombudsman in 1989, which she remained, until she was appointed to the Supreme Court in
Zambia Zambia (), officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country at the crossroads of Central, Southern and East Africa, although it is typically referred to as being in Southern Africa at its most central point. Its neighbours are t ...
in 1997.


Work history at the United Nations

In 1992, as a member of the
United Nations The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be a centre for harmoniz ...
Commission on the Status of Women, she participated in drafting a resolution to the
UN General Assembly The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA or GA; french: link=no, Assemblée générale, AG) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations (UN), serving as the main deliberative, policymaking, and representative organ of the UN. Cur ...
, to have rape included as a war crime in the jurisdiction of war crimes tribunals. She served as a member of the International Ombudsman Institute Board from 1992 to 1996. From 1994 until 1996, she served as Vice-President of that board. From 1994 until 2003, she served as Commissioner on the International Commission of Jurists. In 1997, she was elected Judge of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), serving as Vice President of The ICTY from 1999 to 2001. From 2003 to 2005, she served on the Appeals Chamber of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia and the
International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR; french: Tribunal pénal international pour le Rwanda; rw, Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho u Rwanda) was an international court established in November 1994 by the United Nation ...
(ICTY/ICTR). In 2009, she was appointed to the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of
Cambodia Cambodia (; also Kampuchea ; km, កម្ពុជា, UNGEGN: ), officially the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country located in the southern portion of the Indochinese Peninsula in Southeast Asia, spanning an area of , bordered by Thailan ...
, first as a Reserve Judge, and later as a full-time judge of Supreme Court Chamber of ECCC. In November 2020, a panel of international lawyers chaired by Mumba and
Philippe Sands Philippe Joseph Sands, KC (born 17 October 1960) is a British and French writer and lawyer a11 King's Bench Walkand Professor of Laws and Director of the Centre on International Courts and Tribunals at University College London. A specialist in ...
drafted a proposed international law crimilalising
ecocide Ecocide is human impact on the environment causing mass destruction to that environment. Ten nations have codified ecocide as a crime. Activities that might constitute ecocide in these nations include substantially damaging or destroying ecos ...
, the destruction of ecosystems.


See also

* First women lawyers around the world *
Government of Zambia The politics of Zambia takes place in a framework of a presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the president of Zambia is head of state, head of government and leader of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by th ...
* Judiciary of Zambia *
International Criminal Court The International Criminal Court (ICC or ICCt) is an intergovernmental organization and international tribunal seated in The Hague, Netherlands. It is the first and only permanent international court with jurisdiction to prosecute individuals f ...
* Elizabeth Muyovwe


References


External links


Website of the Supreme Court of Zambia
{{DEFAULTSORT:Mumba, Florence Living people 1948 births People from Mazabuka District University of Zambia alumni International Court of Justice judges 20th-century Zambian judges International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia judges Zambian women lawyers International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda judges Khmer Rouge Tribunal judges Ombudsmen Zambian women judges 20th-century Zambian women 21st-century Zambian women 21st-century Zambian judges Zambian judges of United Nations courts and tribunals