''Flora Malesiana'' is a multi-volume

flora Flora is all the plant life present in a particular region or time, generally the naturally occurring (indigenous) native plants. Sometimes bacteria and fungi are also referred to as flora, as in the terms '' gut flora'' or '' skin flora''. E ...

describing the vascular plants of

Malesia Malesia is a biogeographical region straddling the Equator and the boundaries of the Indomalayan and Australasian realms, and also a phytogeographical floristic region in the Paleotropical Kingdom. It has been given different definitions. The ...

(the biogeographical region consisting of

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...

Malaysia Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federation, federal constitutional monarchy consists of States and federal territories of Malaysia, thirteen states and three federal territories, separated by the South China Sea into two r ...

Singapore Singapore (), officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign island country and city-state in maritime Southeast Asia. It lies about one degree of latitude () north of the equator, off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, borde ...

Brunei Brunei ( , ), formally Brunei Darussalam ( ms, Negara Brunei Darussalam, Jawi alphabet, Jawi: , ), is a country located on the north coast of the island of Borneo in Southeast Asia. Apart from its South China Sea coast, it is completely sur ...

, the

Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...

, and

Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea (abbreviated PNG; , ; tpi, Papua Niugini; ho, Papua Niu Gini), officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea ( tpi, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niugini; ho, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niu Gini), is a country i ...

), published by the

National Herbarium of the Netherlands National may refer to: Common uses * Nation or country ** Nationality – a ''national'' is a person who is subject to a nation, regardless of whether the person has full rights as a citizen Places in the United States * National, Maryland, ce ...

since 1950. It currently consists of 204 full treatments, covering about 20% of a total of approximately 40,000 species.

Main series

''Flora Malesiana'' is divided into two main series: ''I.

Seed plants A spermatophyte (; ), also known as phanerogam (taxon Phanerogamae) or phaenogam (taxon Phaenogamae), is any plant that produces seeds, hence the alternative name seed plant. Spermatophytes are a subset of the embryophytes or land plants. They inc ...

'' and ''II.

Pteridophytes A pteridophyte is a vascular plant (with xylem and phloem) that disperses spores. Because pteridophytes produce neither flowers nor seeds, they are sometimes referred to as "cryptogams", meaning that their means of reproduction is hidden. Ferns, ...

''. Later volumes include

CD-ROM A CD-ROM (, compact disc read-only memory) is a type of read-only memory consisting of a pre-pressed optical compact disc that contains data. Computers can read—but not write or erase—CD-ROMs. Some CDs, called enhanced CDs, hold both comput ...

s with additional multimedia contents such as interactive keys.

Series I. Seed Plants

Currently, the following volumes have been published in Series I. Seed Plants: *Volume 1 – Malesian Plant Collectors *Volume 2 & 3 – not published. *Volume 4 (1954) – Revisions: Aceraceae, Actinidiaceae sens.str., Aizoaceae, Amaranthaceae, Ancistrocladaceae, Aponogetonaceae, Bixaceae sens.str., Burmanniaceae, Callitrichaceae, Cannabinaceae, Caprifoliaceae, Ceratophyllaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Cochlospermaceae, Combretaceae, Convolvulaceae, Corynocarpaae, Crassulaceae, Datiscaceae, Dilleniaceae, Dioscoreaceae, Dipsacaceae, Droseraceae, Elatinaceae, Ficoidaceae see Aizoaceae, Flagellariaceae, Gnetaceae, Gonystylaceae, Hydrocaryaceae, Hydrophyllaceae, Juncaceae, Juncaginaceae, Martyniaceae see Pedaliaceae, Molluginaceae see Aizoaceae, Moringaceae, Myoporaceae, Myricaceae, Nyssaceae, Pedaliaceae, Pentaphragmataceae, Philydraceae, Phytolaccaceae, Plumbaginaceae, Podostemaceae, Polemoniaceae, Pontederiaceae, Punicaceae, Salvadoraceae, Sarcospermaceae, Saururaceae, Sonneratiaceae, Sparganiaceae, Sphenocleaceae, Stackhousiaceae, Stylidiaceae, Styracaceae, Thymelaeaceae–Gonystyloideae, Trapaceae see Hydrocaryaceae, Trigoniaceae, Tumeraceae, Typhaceae, Umbelliferae, Valerianaceae, Xyridaceae, Zygophyllaceae. *Volume 5 (1958) – Revisions: Alismataceae, Basellaceae, Batidaceae, Betulaceae, Burseraceae, Butomaceae, Centrolepidaceae, Connaraceae, Dichapetalaceae, Erythroxylaceae, Flacourtiaceae, Goodeniaceae, Haemodoraceae, Hamamelidaceae, Hydrocharitaceae, Malpighiaceae, Papaveraceae, Pentaphylacaceae, Pittosporaceae, Proteaceae, Restionaceae, Rhizophoraceae, Salicaceae, Scyphostegiaceae. *Volume 6 (1972) – Revisions: Campanulaceae, Capparidaceae, Celastraceae, Epacridaceae, Ericaceae, Gerianiaceae, Juglandaceae, Loganiaceae, Najadaceae, Nyctaginaceae, Primulaceae, Simaroubaceae, Staphyleaceae, Thymelaeaceae. *Volume 7 part 1 (1971) – Revisions: Byblidaceae, Cardiopteridaceae, Clethraceae, Haloragaceae, Icacinaceae, Lemnaceae, Lophopyxidaceae, Ochnaceae, Oxalidaceae, Portulacaceae, Violaceae. *Volume 7 part 2 (1972) – Revisions: Fagaceae, Passifloraceae. *Volume 7 part 3 (1974) – Revision: Cyperaceae. *Volume 7 part 4 (1976) – Revisions: Balanophoraceae, Leeaceae, Taccaceae. *Volume 8 part 1 (1974) – Revision: Hypericaceae. *Volume 8 part 2 (1977) – Revisions: Bignoniaceae, Cornaceae, Crypteroniaceae, Iridaceae, Lentibulariaceae, Onagraceae, Symplocaceae, Ulmaceae. *Volume 8 part 3 (1978) – Revisions: Anacardiaceae, Labiatae. *Volume 9 part 1 (1979) – Revisions: Araliaceae-I, Liliaceae s.s. *Volume 9 part 2 (1982) – Revisions: Cyperaceae-II, Liliaceae-I *Volume 9 part 3 (1983) – Revision: Dipterocarpaceae *Volume 10 part 1 (1984) – Revisions: Aristolochiaceae, Olacaceae, Opiliaceae, Triuridaceae. *Volume 10 part 2 (1986) – Revisions: Alseuosmiaceae, Chloranthaceae, Elaeagnaceae, Menispermaceae, Monimiaceae, Sphenostemonaceae, Trimeniaceae. *Volume 10 part 3 (1988) – Revisions: Araucariaceae, Coniferales, Cruciferae, Ctenolophonaceae, Cupressaceae, Ixonanthaceae, Linaceae, Magnoliaceae, Pinaceae, Podocarpaceae, Polygalaceae, Sabiaceae, Taxaceae. *Volume 10 part 4 (1989) – Revisions: Chrysobalanaceae, Sabiaceae. *Volume 11 part 1 (1992) – Revision: Mimosaceae (Leguminosae–Mimosoideae). *Volume 11 part 2 (1993) – Revisions: Alliaceae, Amaryllidaceae, Coriariaceae, Pentastemonaceae, Rosaceae, Stemonaceae. *Volume 11 part 3 (1994) – Revision: Sapindaceae. *Volume 12 part 1 (1995) – Revision: Meliaceae. *Volume 12 part 2 (1996) – Revisions: Caesalpiniaceae, Geitonoplesiaceae, Hernandiaceae, Lowiaceae. *Volume 13 (1997) – Revisions: Boraginaceae, Daphniphyllaceae, Illiciaceae, Loranthaceae, Rafflesiaceae, Schisandraceae, Viscaceae. *Volume 14 (2000) – Revision: Myristicaceae. *Volume 15 (2001) – Revision: Nepenthaceae. *Volume 16 (2002) – Revisions: Caryophyllaceae, Cunoniaceae, Potamogetonaceae, Zosteraceae, Cymodoceaceae. *Volume 17 part 1 (2006) – Revisions: Moraceae – genera other than ''Ficus''. *Volume 17 part 2 (2005) – Revisions: Moraceae – ''Ficus''. *Volume 18 (2007) – Apocynaceae *Volume 19 (2010) – Cucurbitaceae *Volume 20 (2011) – Acoraceae, Pandaceae, Picrodendraceae

Series II. Pteridophytes

Series II. Pteridophytes consists of: *Volume 1 part 1 (1959) – Revisions: Gleicheniaceae, Schizaeaceae, Isoetaceae *Volume 1 part 2 (1963) – Revision: Cyatheaceae *Volume 1 part 3 (1971) – Revision: ''Lindsaea'' group *Volume 1 part 4 (1978) – Revision: ''Lomariopsis'' group. *Volume 1 part 5 (1981) – Revision: Thelypteridaceae. *Volume 2 part 1 (1991) – Revision: ''Tectaria'' group. *Volume 3 (1998) – Revisions: Polypodiaceae, Davalliaceae, Azollaceae, Cheiropleuriaceae, Equisetaceae, Matoniaceae, Plagiogyriaceae.

CD-ROMs

Several taxonomic treatments have been published by ETI Bioinformatics on CD-ROM. These treatments have various

multimedia Multimedia is a form of communication that uses a combination of different content forms such as text, audio, images, animations, or video into a single interactive presentation, in contrast to tradition ...

features such as interactive keys, many images, and literature databases. Currently, the following treatments have been published on CD-ROM: *

Leguminosae The Fabaceae or Leguminosae,International Code of Nomenc ...

– Caesalpinioideae of South East Asia *

Leguminosae The Fabaceae or Leguminosae,International Code of Nomenc ...

– Mimosoideae of South-East Asia *

Orchids Orchids are plants that belong to the family Orchidaceae (), a diverse and widespread group of flowering plants with blooms that are often colourful and fragrant. Along with the Asteraceae, they are one of the two largest families of flowering ...

of New Guinea Vol. I – Illustrated Checklist and Genera *

of New Guinea Vol. II – ''Dendrobium'' and allied genera *

of New Guinea Vol. III – Genera ''Acanthephippium'' to ''Hymenorchis'' (excluding Dendrobiinae s.l.) *

of New Guinea Vol. IV – Genera ''Kuhlhasseltia'' to ''Ophioglossella'' *

of New Guinea Vol. V – Genera ''Pachystoma'' to ''Zeuxine'' (excluding Dendrobiinae s.l.) *

of New Guinea Vol. VI – Genus ''Bulbophyllum'' *

of The Philippines Vol. I – Illustrated Checklist and Genera

Digitalization

In 2010 an initiative was taken to make all of the contents of ''Flora Malesiana'' available though a website, as a so-called e-flora (the 'e' standing for 'electronic' or 'enhanced'). This initiative was taken because (1) the overall progress of Flora Malesiana in terms of the number of species covered is too slow (about 80% of all species in Malesia still need to be treated) to make a timely contribution towards sustainability and conservation, and (2) several volumes of Flora Malesiana are out-of-print.

Meetings

*1st International Flora Malesiana Symposium (1989) - Leiden,

The Netherlands ) , anthem = ( en, "William of Nassau") , image_map = , map_caption = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = Kingdom of the Netherlands , established_title = Before independence , established_date = Spanish Netherl ...

*2nd International Flora Malesiana Symposium (1992) - Yogyakarta,

*3rd International Flora Malesiana Symposium (1995) - Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, London,

United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotland, Wales and North ...

*4th International Flora Malesiana Symposium (1998) - Forest Research Institute, Kuala Lumpur,

*5th International Flora Malesiana Symposium (2001) - Sydney,

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...

*6th International Flora Malesiana Symposium (2004) - UPLB,

*7th International Flora Malesiana Symposium (2007) - Leiden, the Netherlands
8th International Flora Malesiana Symposium
(2010) - Singapore Botanic Gardens,

.
9th International Flora Malesiana Symposium
(2013) - Herbarium Bogoriense,

10th International Flora Malesiana Symposium
(2016) - Edinburgh Botanic Gardens, UK *11th International Flora Malesiana Symposium (2019) - Universiti Brunei Darussalam,

References

{{Reflist

External links

Floramalesiana.org: official ''Flora Malesiana'' website
. Florae (publication) Botany in Asia