''Flavobacterium'' is a genus of

Gram-negative Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiation. They are characterized by their cell envelopes, which are composed of a thin peptidoglycan cell wall ...

, nonmotile and motile,

rod-shaped A bacillus (), also called a bacilliform bacterium or often just a rod (when the context makes the sense clear), is a rod-shaped bacterium or archaeon. Bacilli are found in many different taxonomic groups of bacteria. However, the name ''Bacillu ...

bacteria Bacteria (; singular: bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one biological cell. They constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria were among ...

that consists of 130 recognized species. Flavobacteria are found in soil and fresh water in a variety of environments. Several species are known to cause disease in freshwater fish. '' Flavobacterium psychrophilum'' causes the bacterial cold water disease on

salmonids Salmonidae is a family of ray-finned fish that constitutes the only currently extant family in the order Salmoniformes . It includes salmon (both Atlantic and Pacific species), trout (both ocean-going and landlocked), chars, freshwater whitefi ...

and the rainbow trout fry disease on

rainbow trout The rainbow trout (''Oncorhynchus mykiss'') is a species of trout native to cold-water tributaries of the Pacific Ocean in Asia and North America. The steelhead (sometimes called "steelhead trout") is an anadromous (sea-run) form of the coasta ...

. '' F. columnare'' causes the cotton-wool disease on freshwater fishes. '' F. branchiophilum'' causes the bacterial gill disease on

trout Trout are species of freshwater fish belonging to the genera '' Oncorhynchus'', ''Salmo'' and ''Salvelinus'', all of the subfamily Salmoninae of the family Salmonidae. The word ''trout'' is also used as part of the name of some non-salmoni ...

. Another member of this genus, '' F. okeanokoites'' is the original source for the type IIs

restriction endonuclease A restriction enzyme, restriction endonuclease, REase, ENase or'' restrictase '' is an enzyme that cleaves DNA into fragments at or near specific recognition sites within molecules known as restriction sites. Restriction enzymes are one class o ...

''Fok''I, used in

Zinc finger nuclease Zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs) are artificial restriction enzymes generated by fusing a zinc finger DNA-binding domain to a DNA-cleavage domain. Zinc finger domains can be engineered to target specific desired DNA sequences and this enables zinc ...

s and

TALENs Transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALEN) are restriction enzymes that can be engineered to cut specific sequences of DNA. They are made by fusing a TAL effector DNA-binding domain to a DNA cleavage domain (a nuclease which cuts DN ...

Nylon-eating bacteria ''Paenarthrobacter ureafaciens'' KI72, popularly known as nylon-eating bacteria, is a strain of '' Paenarthrobacter ureafaciens'' that can digest certain by-products of nylon 6 manufacture. It uses a set of enzymes to digest nylon, popularly know ...

are a strain of ''Flavobacterium'' that is capable of digesting certain

by-product A by-product or byproduct is a secondary product derived from a production process, manufacturing process or chemical reaction; it is not the primary product or service being produced. A by-product can be useful and marketable or it can be consid ...

s of

nylon 6 Nylon 6 or polycaprolactam is a polymer, in particular semicrystalline polyamide. Unlike most other nylons, nylon 6 is not a condensation polymer, but instead is formed by ring-opening polymerization; this makes it a special case in the comparis ...

manufacture. Species who are a part of the genus ''Flavobacterium'' are most likely found scattered along in nature. These microbes are mostly found in aquatic ecosystems and wet areas with freshwater or seawater. The ''Flavobacterium'' species are in most if not all cases found in some type of hypersaline water which is very halotolerant of the Antarctic species of .gondwanense and .salegens Which are the most important members of ''Flavobacteriaceae''.

Species

The genus ''Flavobacterium'' comprises the following species: '' F. acidificum''
'' F. aciduliphilum''
'' F. acidurans''
'' F. agri''
'' F. agrisoli''
'' F. ahnfeltiae''
'' F. ajazii''
'' F. album''
'' F. algicola''
'' F. alkalisoli''
'' F. ammonificans''
'' F. ammoniigenes''
'' F. amnicola''
'' F.amnigenum''
'' F. anatoliense''
'' F. anhuiense''
'' F. antarcticum''
'' F. aquaticum''
'' F. akiainvivens''
'' F. aquariorum''
'' F. aquatile''
'' F. aquicola''
'' F. aquidurense''
''

Flavobacterium aquimarinumF. aquimarinum ''Flavobacterium'' is a genus of Gram-negative, nonmotile and motile, rod-shaped bacteria that consists of 130 recognized species. Flavobacteria are found in soil and fresh water in a variety of environments. Several species are known to cause ...

''
'' F. araucananum''
'' F. arcticum''
'' F. arsenatis''
'' F. arsenitoxidans''
'' F. aurantiibacter''
'' F. aureus''
'' F. banpakuense''
'' F. baculatum''
'' F. beibuense''
'' F. bernardetii''
'' F. bizetiae''
'' F. bomense''
'' F. bomensis''
'' F. branchiarum''
'' F. branchiicola''
'' F. branchiophilum''
'' F. breve''
'' F. brevivitae''
'' F. buctense''
'' F. caeni''
'' F. caseinilyticum''
'' F. cauense''
'' F. cellulosilyticum''
'' F. ceti''
'' F. cerinum''
'' F. cheniae''
'' F. cheongpyeongense''
'' F. cheonanense''
'' F. cheonhonense''
'' F. chilense''
'' F. chryseum''
'' F. chungangense''
'' F. chungbukense''
'' F. chungnamense''
''

Flavobacterium circumlabensF. circumlabens ''Flavobacterium'' is a genus of Gram-negative, nonmotile and motile, rod-shaped bacteria that consists of 130 recognized species. Flavobacteria are found in soil and fresh water in a variety of environments. Several species are known to cause ...

''
'' F. collinsense''
'' F. collinsii''
'' F. columnare''
'' F. compostarboris''
'' F. commune''
'' F. coralii''
'' F. covae''
'' F. crassostreae''
'' F. croceum''
'' F. crocinum''
'' F. cucumis''
'' F. cupreum''
'' F. cutihirudinis''
'' F. cyanobacteriorum''
'' F. daejeonense''
'' F. daemonensis''
'' F. dankookense''
'' F. dasani''
'' F. dauae''
'' F. davisii''
'' F. defluvii''
'' F. degerlache''
'' F. denitrificans''
'' F. devorans''
'' F. difficile''
'' F. dispersum''
'' F. dongtanense''
'' F. eburneum''
'' F. endophyticum''
'' F. endoglycinae''
'' F. enshiense''
'' F. faecale''
'' F. ferrugineum''
'' F. filum''
'' F. flaviflagrans''
'' F. flevense''
'' F. fluviale''
'' F. fluviatile''
'' F. fluvii''
'' F. fontis''
'' F. franklandianum''
'' F. frigidarium''
'' F. frigidimaris''
'' F frigoris''
'' F. fryxellicola''
'' F. fulvum''
'' F. gelidilacus''
'' F. gawalongense''
'' F. gillisiae''
'' F. ginsengisoli''
'' F. ginsenosidimutans''
'' F. glaciei''
'' F. glycines''
'' F. granuli''
'' F. halmophilum''
'' F. hankyongi''
'' F. haoranii''
'' F. hauense''
'' F. hercynium''
'' F. hibernum''
'' F. hiemivividum''
'' F. humi''
'' F. humicola''
'' F. hydatis''
'' F. hydrocarbonoxydans''
'' F. hydrophilum''
'' F. ichthyis''
'' F. indicum''
'' F. inkyongense''
'' F. inviolabile''
'' F. jejuense''
'' F. jocheonensis''
'' F. johnsoniae''
'' F. jumunjinense''
'' F. kingsejongi''
'' F. knui''
'' F. koreense''
'' F. kyungheense''
'' F. lacicola''
'' F. lacunae''
'' F. lacus''
'' F. laiguense''
'' F. limicola''
'' F. limnosediminis''
'' F. lindanitolerans''
'' F. longum''
'' F. lotistagni''
'' F. luticocti''
'' F. lutivivi''
'' F. macrobrachii''
'' F. magnum''
'' F. maotaiense''
'' F. marinum''
'' F. maris''
'' F.microcysteis''
'' F. micromati''
'' F. mizutaii''
'' F. muglaense''
'' F. myungsuense''
'' F. multivorum''
'' F. nackdongense''
'' F. naphthae''
'' F. nitratireducens''
'' F. nitrogenifigens''
'' F. niveum''
'' F. noncentrifugens''
'' F. notoginsengisoli''
'' F. oceanosedimentum''
'' F. omnivorum''
'' F. oncorhynchi''
'' F. okeanokoites''
'' F. orientale''
'' F. oreochromis''
'' F. oryzae''
'' F. panici''
'' F. palustre''
'' F. paronense''
'' F. parvum''
'' F. pectinovorum''
'' F. pedocola''
'' F. petrolei''
'' F. phocarum''
'' F. phragmitis''
'' F. phycosphaerae''
'' F. piscinae''
'' F. piscis''
'' F. plurextorum''
'' F. pokkalii''
'' F. ponti''
'' F. procerum''
'' F. profundi''
'' F. psychrolimnae''
'' F. psychrophilum''
'' F. psychroterrae''
'' F. psychrotolerans''
'' F. qiangtangense''
'' F. rakeshii''
'' F. ranwuense''
'' F. reichenbachii''
'' F. resistens''
'' F restrictum''
'' F. rhamnosiphilum''
'' Flavobacterium riviphilumF. riviphilum''
'' F. rivuli''
'' F. saccharophilum''
'' F. saliperosum''
'' F. salilacus''
'' F. salmonis''
'' F. sandaracinum''
'' F. sangjuense''
'' F. sasangense''
'' F. segetis''
'' F. sediminilitoris''
'' F. sediminis''
'' F. selenitireducens''
'' F. seoulense''
'' F. sharifuzzamanii''
'' F. silvaticum''
'' F. silvisoli''
'' F. sinopsychrotolerans''
'' F. soli''
'' F. solisilvae''
'' F. spartansii''
'' F. squillarum''
'' F. stagni''
'' F. suaedae''
'' F. subsaxonicum''
'' F. succinans''
'' F. suncheonense''
'' F. supellecticarium''
'' F. suzhouense''
'' F. swingsii''
'' F. tagetis''
'' F. tangerina''
'' F. tangerinum''
'' F. tegetincola''
'' F. terrae''
'' F. terrigena''
'' F. terriphilum''
'' F. thermophilum''
'' F. tiangeerense''
'' F. tibetense''
'' F. tilapiae''
'' F. tistrianum''
'' F. tructae''
'' F. tyrosinilyticum''
'' F. ummariense''
'' F. undicola''
'' F. ureilyticum''
'' F. urocaniciphilum''
'' F. urumqiense''
'' F. verecundum''
'' F. vireti''
'' F. viscosum''
'' F. weaverense''
'' F. xanthum''
'' F. xinjiangense''
'' F. xueshanense''
'' F. yanchengense''
'' F. yonginense''
'' F. zaozhuangense''
'' F. zepuense''
'' F. zettnowii''
'' F. zhairuonense''
'' F. zhairuonensis''

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q140572 Bacterial diseases of fish Gram-negative bacteria Bacteria genera Bacteria described in 1923