The Republic of Pińczów was an area of
Pińczów and the surrounding area which was captured at the end of 1918 for a period of six weeks by the city's inhabitants, led by Jan Lisowski, after the disarmament of the
occupation troops without a fight.
History
The city was seized at the end of 1918 after an action carried out by a group of about 150 people, consisting of members of the fire brigade and residents. The group that disarmed the
Austro-Hungarian Army's occupation unit consisting of
Hungarians without a fight was commanded by Jan Lisowski, an activist of the
SDKPiL. As agricultural strikes took place in the
powiat, a punitive expedition was sent to
Rosiejów
Rosiejów is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Skalbmierz, within Kazimierza County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately west of Skalbmierz, north-west of Kazimierza Wielka, and south of ...
(the most inflammatory place), which sent the striking fornals to the farm buildings. The strikers were released after the relief organized by Jan Lisowski. Due to this event, Lisowski was arrested and imprisoned.
There was also a former Austrian officer Kalinka, pseudonym "Kazuń", leading a group spreading
socialist and
anarchist
Anarchism is a political philosophy and movement that is skeptical of all justifications for authority and seeks to abolish the institutions it claims maintain unnecessary coercion and hierarchy, typically including, though not neces ...
slogans. This group, based on peasants, carried out several attacks, including in
Działoszyce and
Wodzisław. The attack on Działoszyce and disarmament of police officers took place on November 12, and on Wodzisław on November 18, 1918. It was carried out by an 18-strong Kalinka unit and a group of several hundred peasants armed with poles and axes. The group committed robberies, but only on rich people. Fearing the actions of the agitated peasants, several landed gentry families left their homes and went to
Kielce
Kielce (, yi, קעלץ, Keltz) is a city in southern Poland, and the capital of the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. In 2021, it had 192,468 inhabitants. The city is in the middle of the Świętokrzyskie Mountains (Holy Cross Mountains), on the bank ...
. Kalinka died in a fight with a punitive army unit in the
Piotrków forests.
In 1944, after the liberation from the German occupation of Pińczów and the surrounding area and the seizure of power by partisans from the
Peasants' Battalions, the
Home Army and the
People's Army, a
Second Pińczów Republic was established.
See also
*
Second Republic of Pińczów Republic of Pińczów ( pl, Republika Pińczowska) was a name of short-lived entity in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship liberated by joint forces of Polish Resistance formations: Armia Krajowa, Home Army, Armia Ludowa, People's Army and Bataliony Chłop ...
*
Republic of Ostrów
*
Republic of Ostrowiec
*
Republic of Tarnobrzeg
References
Bibliography
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* {{cite book , author = Praca zbiorowa , title = Drogi rozwoju ruchu ludowego , publisher = LSW , location =
Warszawa , year = 1964 , isbn =
1918 in Europe
1918 establishments in Poland
1918 disestablishments in Poland
1918 establishments in Austria-Hungary
1918 disestablishments in Austria-Hungary
States and territories established in 1918
States and territories disestablished in 1918
Anarchism in Poland
Socialism in Poland