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Fernand-Léonce-Émile Pelloutier (1 October 1867, in
Fernand-Léonce-Émile Pelloutier (1 October 1867, in Paris
Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), ma ...
– 13 March 1901, in Sèvres
Sèvres (, ) is a commune in the southwestern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the centre of Paris, in the Hauts-de-Seine department, Île-de-France region. The commune, which had a population of 23,251 as of 2018, is known for ...
) was a French anarchist and syndicalist.
He was the leader of the ''Bourses du Travail
The Bourse du Travail (French for "labour exchanges"), a French form of the labour council, were working class organizations that encouraged mutual aid, education, and self-organization amongst their members in the late nineteenth and earl ...
'', a major French trade union
A trade union (labor union in American English), often simply referred to as a union, is an organization of workers intent on "maintaining or improving the conditions of their employment", ch. I such as attaining better wages and benefits ...
, from 1895 until his death in 1901. He was succeeded by Yvetot. In 1902, the Bourses du Travail merged with the Confédération Générale du Travail
The General Confederation of Labour (french: Confédération Générale du Travail, CGT) is a national trade union center, founded in 1895 in the city of Limoges. It is the first of the five major French confederations of trade unions.
It is ...
.
Pelloutier's theories were exceptionally important to the Revolutionary Syndicalism movement in Italy that appeared towards the end of the nineteenth century, and he is a source of major influence in this regard for Georges Sorel
Georges Eugène Sorel (; ; 2 November 1847 – 29 August 1922) was a French social thinker, political theorist, historian, and later journalist. He has inspired theories and movements grouped under the name of Sorelianism. His social and ...
. Both saw the socialist movement as divided between those supporting the political action of parties and those supporting direct action.
Bibliography
*Jacques Julliard
Jacques Julliard (born 4 March 1933) is a French historian, columnist and essayist, and a former union leader. He is the author of numerous books.
Life Early years
Jacques Julliard was born on 4 March 1933 in Brénod, Ain.
His father and grandf ...
, Fernand Pelloutier et les origines du syndicalisme d'action directe, Paris 1971
*F.F. Ridley, Revolutionary Syndicalism in France, Cambridge 1970
*Peter Stearns, Revolutionary Syndicalism and French Labor: A Cause without Rebels, New Brunswick 1971
*Barbara Mitchell, The Practical Revolutionaries. A New Interpretation of the French Anarchosyndicalists, New York 1987.
See also
*Anarchism in France
Anarchism in France can trace its roots to thinker Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, who grew up during the Restoration and was the first self-described anarchist. French anarchists fought in the Spanish Civil War as volunteers in the International Briga ...
*Bourse du travail
The Bourse du Travail (French for "labour exchanges"), a French form of the labour council, were working class organizations that encouraged mutual aid, education, and self-organization amongst their members in the late nineteenth and early ...
References
1867 births 1901 deaths Trade unionists from Paris French anarchists Members of the General Confederation of Labour (France) Anarcho-syndicalists Revolutionary Syndicalism {{Anarchist-stub