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Fengshan County (, zhuang: Fonghsan Yen) is a county of
Guangxi Guangxi (; ; Chinese postal romanization, alternately romanized as Kwanghsi; ; za, Gvangjsih, italics=yes), officially the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (GZAR), is an Autonomous regions of China, autonomous region of the People's Republic ...
, China. It is under the administration of
Hechi Hechi () is a prefecture-level city in the northwest of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China, bordering Guizhou to the north. In June 2002 it gained city status. Geography and climate Hechi is located in northwestern ...
City.


Administrative divisions

Fengshan has one
town A town is a human settlement. Towns are generally larger than villages and smaller than cities, though the criteria to distinguish between them vary considerably in different parts of the world. Origin and use The word "town" shares an ori ...
, Fengcheng (), and ten
townships A township is a kind of human settlement or administrative subdivision, with its meaning varying in different countries. Although the term is occasionally associated with an urban area, that tends to be an exception to the rule. In Australia, Ca ...
: *Paoli (袍里乡) *Zhaiya (砦牙乡) *Changzhou (长洲乡) *Qiaoyin (乔音乡) *Lintong (林峒乡) *Jinya (金牙瑶族乡) *Gengsha (更沙乡) *Zhongting (中亭乡) *Pingle (平乐瑶族乡) *Jiangzhou (江洲瑶族乡)


Geography

Fengshan County is located in the northwest of
Guangxi Guangxi (; ; Chinese postal romanization, alternately romanized as Kwanghsi; ; za, Gvangjsih, italics=yes), officially the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (GZAR), is an Autonomous regions of China, autonomous region of the People's Republic ...
. The county takes its name from the shape of the mountain range in this region, which resembles a phoenix spreading its wings. The county is situated on a variety of geological formations, including
karst Karst is a topography formed from the dissolution of soluble rocks such as limestone, dolomite, and gypsum. It is characterized by underground drainage systems with sinkholes and caves. It has also been documented for more weathering-resistant ro ...
, which is a landscape formed from the dissolution of soluble rocks—including limestone, dolomite and gypsum—and is characterized by sinkholes, caves and underground drainage systems. Karst is a rare formation seen in only a few locations worldwide.


Geographic features

Fengshan County lies on the eastern fringe of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and the terrain follows a northwest to southeast direction. 70% of the area, , is covered by karst and arable land. The area has a subtropical monsoon climate with an average yearly temperature of 20 degrees Celsius.


Climate


Mineral resources

Fengshan County possesses mineral resources such as gold, pyrite, sulphur, limonite and copper. The pyrite reserves are estimated to be about 7,083 tons with an average grade of 17%.


Karst resources

Fengshan has been described as the "kingdom of karst and the city of caves." There are more than 20 karst land formations such as huge caves, underground rivers, depressions, karst poljes, and sinkholes. According to statistics, there are 50 caves with chambers having an area of more than 2000 square meters and 19 caves with chambers that have an area that exceeds 10,000 square meters. The largest caves are the Jiangzhou Underground Corridor, Mawangdong Cave and Gatundong Cave. Jiangzhou Underground Corridor consists of many smaller caves, shafts and underground rivers. The corridor is and has an average slope gradient of 9°. The cave was developed in the Permian Period. Jiangzhou Underground Corridor is rich in curly crystals, vast sparkling terraces, and colossal stalactites and stalagmites. It has 25 caverns, each having an area of between 4000-18500 square meters.


Landforms


Mawangdong Cave

Mawangdong Cave (, ) consists of three layers. The upper and middle layers are dry with a length, height and width of , and respectively. The lower layer is an underground river channel. The cave's entrance is above the foothills and its mouth measures 94×138 m. A karst sinkhole known as a "Tiankeng" lies at the southern section of the cave. Its mouth has a tri-corner shape with rounded corners measuring 225 m×180 m. The depth of this sinkhole is and an accumulation of collapsed rocks and clay lies at the bottom of the sinkhole. The vegetation there is verdurous. The cave is named "Mawangdong", which literally means "Horse King Cave", since the cave entrance resembles a horse's mouth. This cave is a neighbor to
Sanmenhai Sanmenhai is a cave in the Leye-Fengshan geopark in Guangxi, China. The cave is unique in that it features seven skylights that mimic the layout of the constellation Ursa Major (the Big Dipper). Etymology ''Sanmenhai'' translates into English ...
Cave (, ) and the two are connected by an underground river.


Xixili Cave

Xixili Cave is long and has three layers. The two upper layers each have a chamber with an area of and , respectively. This cave contains flowstones, cave flags, hanging curtains, and cave crystals.


Jiangzhou Natural Bridge

Jiangzhou Natural Bridge is a karst formation spanning around , ±, and connecting the two mountains. Its height is , with an arch height of and width of . It is located about east of the township of Jiangzhou in Guangxi, which is about south of Fengshan.


Yuanyang Springs

In the name "Yuan-yang" (), the words yuan and yang stand for male and female Mandarin Ducks, respectively. In symbolic representations, Mandarin Ducks always appear as a male and female pair and are seen to represent fidelity. The Yuanyang Springs consist of two springs; the water of each spring has a distinctive color: one is a clear green, the other is turbid blue. Chemical analysis of their waters has shown that the composition is the same. The springs are approximately the same size. The surface pool is a rounded three-corner shape with a baseline of 21 meters and height of 30 meters. At certain times of the year, the water backflows.


Peak-cluster depressions

The term "Karst Fengcong" or karst peak cluster is a term created by Chinese scholars to classify karst by the hill or peak density. The term "Peak-cluster depression" describes the land form that combines peak-clusters and closed depressions, which are the two basic features of Fengcong. The beauty of Fengshan's sublime, unique, and precipitous valleys is created by towering, imposing peaks and low-lying depressions.


References


External links

* {{authority control Counties of Guangxi Administrative divisions of Hechi