''Fejervarya'' is a

genera Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclat ...

of frogs in the family Dicroglossidae found in Asia. First proposed in 1915 by István József Bolkay, a Hungarian naturalist, the genus did not see widespread adoption at first. As late as the 1990s it was generally included in ''

Rana Rana may refer to: Astronomy * Rana (crater), a crater on Mars * Delta Eridani or Rana, a star People, groups and titles * Rana (name), a given name and surname (including a list of people and characters with the name) * Rana (title), a histor ...

'', but more recent studies have confirmed its distinctness. These frogs are remarkable for being extremely

euryhaline Euryhaline organisms are able to adapt to a wide range of salinities. An example of a euryhaline fish is the molly (''Poecilia sphenops'') which can live in fresh water, brackish water, or salt water. The green crab (''Carcinus maenas'') is an e ...

amphibian Amphibians are tetrapod, four-limbed and ectothermic vertebrates of the Class (biology), class Amphibia. All living amphibians belong to the group Lissamphibia. They inhabit a wide variety of habitats, with most species living within terres ...

standards. Species such as the crab-eating frog (''F. cancrivora'') can thrive in brackish water, and its tadpoles can even survive in pure seawater.

Systematics and taxonomy

''Fejervarya'' was first introduced as subgenus of ''

'' and later placed as subgenus as '' Limnonectes''. It was treated as an independent genus first in 1998. However, ''Fejervarya'' sensu lato was found to be

paraphyletic In taxonomy (general), taxonomy, a group is paraphyletic if it consists of the group's most recent common ancestor, last common ancestor and most of its descendants, excluding a few Monophyly, monophyletic subgroups. The group is said to be pa ...

with respect to '' Sphaerotheca''. This issue was eventually resolved in 2011 by splitting some species to the genus ''

Zakerana ''Minervarya'' is a genus of frogs in the family Dicroglossidae from south Asia (Sri Lanka, the Indian subcontinent including Pakistan, Nepal, and Bangladesh), and Nepal and Bhutan. They are also known as cricket frogs or rice frogs. Taxonomy Th ...

'' (renamed in 2021 as ''

Minervarya ''Minervarya'' is a genus of frogs in the family Dicroglossidae from south Asia (Sri Lanka, the Indian subcontinent including Pakistan, Nepal, and Bangladesh), and Nepal and Bhutan. They are also known as cricket frogs or rice frogs. Taxonomy Th ...

''). ''Fejervarya'', as now defined, is distributed from eastern India ( Orissa) eastwards through Myanmar to southern China and Indochina to the islands of the Sunda Shelf as well as Japan. In contrast, ''Minervarya'' contains species from southern Asia (

Sri Lanka Sri Lanka (, ; si, ශ්‍රී ලංකා, Śrī Laṅkā, translit-std=ISO (); ta, இலங்கை, Ilaṅkai, translit-std=ISO ()), formerly known as Ceylon and officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an ...

and Indian subcontinent including Pakistan, Nepal, and Bangladesh). The widespread Cricket Frog (''F. limnocharis'') and some others have also been suspected to be cryptic species complexes since at least the 1970s, and indeed a few populations have been identified that almost certainly constitute undescribed species.

Species

The following 14 species are recognised in the genus ''Fejerverya'': * '' Fejervarya cancrivora'' (Gravenhorst, 1829) * '' Fejervarya iskandari'' Veith, Kosuch, Ohler, and Dubois, 2001 * ''

Fejervarya jhilmilensis ''Fejervarya'' is a genera of frogs in the family Dicroglossidae found in Asia. First proposed in 1915 by István József Bolkay, a Hungarian naturalist, the genus did not see widespread adoption at first. As late as the 1990s it was generally in ...

'' Bahuguna, 2018 * '' Fejervarya kawamurai'' Djong, Matsui, Kuramoto, Nishioka, and Sumida, 2011 * '' Fejervarya kupitzi'' Köhler et al., 2019 * '' Fejervarya limnocharis'' (Gravenhorst, 1829) * '' Fejervarya moodiei'' (Taylor, 1920) * ''

Fejervarya multistriata ''Fejervarya multistriata'' (common name: Hong Kong paddy frog or simply paddy frog) is a species of frog in the family Dicroglossidae. It is found in southern China (from Yuannan to Guangdong and Hainan) and in Taiwan, but its range likely exte ...

'' (Hallowell, 1861) * '' Fejervarya orissaensis'' (Dutta, 1997) * '' Fejervarya pulla'' (Stoliczka, 1870) * '' Fejervarya sakishimensis'' Matsui, Toda, and Ota, 2008 * ''

Fejervarya triora ''Fejervarya triora'' is a species of frogs belonging to the family Dicroglossidae. Its type locality is in Phu Chong-Na Yoi National Park, Ubon Ratchathani Province in the far east of Thailand. It is also known from Mukdahan National Park in ...

'' Stuart, Chuaynkern, Chan-ard, and Inger, 2006 * '' Fejervarya verruculosa'' (Roux, 1911) * '' Fejervarya vittigera'' (Wiegmann, 1834)

Phylogeny

The following phylogeny of ''Fejervarya'' is from Pyron & Wiens (2011). 7 species are included. ''Fejervarya'' is a

sister group In phylogenetics, a sister group or sister taxon, also called an adelphotaxon, comprises the closest relative(s) of another given unit in an evolutionary tree. Definition The expression is most easily illustrated by a cladogram: Taxon A and t ...

of ''

'', which had until recently been included in ''Fejervarya''.

Vocalisation behaviour

File:Fejervarya vocalisation stomach distended - front view.jpg, 1. Preparing to vocalise - front view File:Fejervarya vocalisation -front view.jpg, 2. Vocalising front view File:Fejervarya vocalisation stomach distended - side view.jpg, 3. Preparing to vocalise - side view File:Fejervarya vocalisation - side view.jpg, 4. Vocalising side view

References

External links

* {{Taxonbar, from=Q518234 Dicroglossidae Amphibians of Asia Amphibian genera