Events
Pre-1600
*
1370 –
Northern Crusades
The Northern Crusades or Baltic Crusades were Christianization campaigns undertaken by Catholic Church, Catholic Christian Military order (society), military orders and kingdoms, primarily against the paganism, pagan Balts, Baltic, Baltic Finns, ...
:
Grand Duchy of Lithuania
The Grand Duchy of Lithuania was a sovereign state in northeastern Europe that existed from the 13th century, succeeding the Kingdom of Lithuania, to the late 18th century, when the territory was suppressed during the 1795 Partitions of Poland, ...
and the
Teutonic Knights
The Teutonic Order is a Catholic religious institution founded as a military society in Acre, Kingdom of Jerusalem. The Order of Brothers of the German House of Saint Mary in Jerusalem was formed to aid Christians on their pilgrimages to t ...
meet in the
Battle of Rudau.
*
1411 – Following the successful campaigns during the
Ottoman Interregnum,
Musa Çelebi, one of the sons of
Bayezid I
Bayezid I (; ), also known as Bayezid the Thunderbolt (; ; – 8 March 1403), was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1389 to 1402. He adopted the title of ''Sultan-i Rûm'', ''Rûm'' being the Arabic name for the Eastern Roman Empire. In 139 ...
, becomes
Sultan
Sultan (; ', ) is a position with several historical meanings. Originally, it was an Arabic abstract noun meaning "strength", "authority", "rulership", derived from the verbal noun ', meaning "authority" or "power". Later, it came to be use ...
of the
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire (), also called the Turkish Empire, was an empire, imperial realm that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Centr ...
with the support of
Mircea I of Wallachia.
*
1500 – Duke
Friedrich and Duke
Johann
Johann, typically a male given name, is the German form of ''Iohannes'', which is the Latin form of the Greek name ''Iōánnēs'' (), itself derived from Hebrew name '' Yochanan'' () in turn from its extended form (), meaning "Yahweh is Graciou ...
attempt to subdue the
peasant
A peasant is a pre-industrial agricultural laborer or a farmer with limited land-ownership, especially one living in the Middle Ages under feudalism and paying rent, tax, fees, or services to a landlord. In Europe, three classes of peasan ...
ry of
Dithmarschen
Dithmarschen (, ; archaic English: ''Ditmarsh''; ; ) is a district in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the districts of Nordfriesland, Schleswig-Flensburg, Rendsburg-Eckernförde, and Steinburg, by the ...
, Denmark, in the
Battle of Hemmingstedt.
*
1600 – On his way to be burned at the stake for heresy, at
Campo de' Fiori
Campo de' Fiori (, ) is a rectangular square south of Piazza Navona in Rome, Italy, at the border between the ''Rioni of Rome, rioni'' Parione and Regola (rione of Rome), Regola. It is diagonally southeast of the Palazzo della Cancelleria and one ...
in Rome, the philosopher
Giordano Bruno
Giordano Bruno ( , ; ; born Filippo Bruno; January or February 1548 – 17 February 1600) was an Italian philosopher, poet, alchemist, astrologer, cosmological theorist, and esotericist. He is known for his cosmological theories, which concep ...
has a wooden vise put on his tongue to prevent him continuing to speak.
1601–1900
*
1616 –
Nurhaci
Nurhaci (14 May 1559 – 30 September 1626), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Taizu of Qing, was the founding khan of the Jurchen people, Jurchen-led Later Jin (1616–1636), Later Jin dynasty.
As the leader of the House of Aisin-Gi ...
proclaims himself
Khan of the
Later Jin, precursor to the
Qing Dynasty
The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing, was a Manchu-led Dynasties of China, imperial dynasty of China and an early modern empire in East Asia. The last imperial dynasty in Chinese history, the Qing dynasty was preceded by the ...
.
*
1621
Events
January–March
* January 12 – Şehzade Mehmed, the 15-year old half-brother of Ottoman Sultan Osman II, is put to death by hanging on Osman's orders. Before dying, Mehmed prays aloud that Osman's reign as Sultan be r ...
–
Myles Standish is appointed as first military commander of the English
Plymouth Colony
Plymouth Colony (sometimes spelled Plimouth) was the first permanent English colony in New England from 1620 and the third permanent English colony in America, after Newfoundland and the Jamestown Colony. It was settled by the passengers on t ...
in North America.
*
1674 – An
earthquake strikes the Indonesian island of
Ambon. It triggers a
megatsunami which drowns over 2,300 people.
*
1676
Events
January–March
* January 29 – Feodor III of Russia, Feodor III becomes Tsar of Russia.
* January 31 – Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, the oldest institution of higher education in Central America, is f ...
– Sixteen men of
Pascual de Iriate's expedition are lost at
Evangelistas Islets at the western end of the
Strait of Magellan
The Strait of Magellan (), also called the Straits of Magellan, is a navigable sea route in southern Chile separating mainland South America to the north and the Tierra del Fuego archipelago to the south. Considered the most important natura ...
.
*
1739 – The
Battle of Vasai
A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force co ...
commences as the
Marathas
The Maratha Empire, also referred to as the Maratha Confederacy, was an early modern India, early modern polity in the Indian subcontinent. It comprised the realms of the Peshwa and four major independent List of Maratha dynasties and states, Ma ...
move to invade Portuguese-occupied territory.
*
1753
Events
January–March
* January 3 – King Binnya Dala of the Hanthawaddy Kingdom orders the burning of Ava, the former capital of the Kingdom of Burma.
* January 29 – After a month's absence, Elizabeth Canning return ...
– In Sweden, February 17 is followed by
March 1
Events Pre-1600
* 509 BC – Publius Valerius Publicola celebrates the first triumph of the Roman Republic after his victory over the deposed king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus at the Battle of Silva Arsia.
* 293 – Emperor Diocleti ...
as the country moves from the
Julian calendar
The Julian calendar is a solar calendar of 365 days in every year with an additional leap day every fourth year (without exception). The Julian calendar is still used as a religious calendar in parts of the Eastern Orthodox Church and in parts ...
to the
Gregorian calendar
The Gregorian calendar is the calendar used in most parts of the world. It went into effect in October 1582 following the papal bull issued by Pope Gregory XIII, which introduced it as a modification of, and replacement for, the Julian cale ...
.
*
1801 –
United States presidential election
The election of the president of the United States, president and Vice President of the United States, vice president of the United States is an indirect election in which citizens of the United States who are Voter registration in the United ...
: A tie in the
Electoral College
An electoral college is a body whose task is to elect a candidate to a particular office. It is mostly used in the political context for a constitutional body that appoints the head of state or government, and sometimes the upper parliament ...
between
Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson (, 1743July 4, 1826) was an American Founding Fathers of the United States, Founding Father and the third president of the United States from 1801 to 1809. He was the primary author of the United States Declaration of Indepe ...
and
Aaron Burr
Aaron Burr Jr. (February 6, 1756 – September 14, 1836) was an American politician, businessman, lawyer, and Founding Fathers of the United States, Founding Father who served as the third vice president of the United States from 1801 to 1805 d ...
is resolved when Jefferson is elected
President of the United States
The president of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States. The president directs the Federal government of the United States#Executive branch, executive branch of the Federal government of t ...
and Burr
Vice President
A vice president or vice-president, also director in British English, is an officer in government or business who is below the president (chief executive officer) in rank. It can also refer to executive vice presidents, signifying that the vi ...
by the
United States House of Representatives
The United States House of Representatives is a chamber of the Bicameralism, bicameral United States Congress; it is the lower house, with the U.S. Senate being the upper house. Together, the House and Senate have the authority under Artic ...
.
*
1814
Events January
* January 1 – War of the Sixth Coalition – The Royal Prussian Army led by Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher crosses the Rhine.
* January 3
** War of the Sixth Coalition – Siege of Cattaro: French gar ...
–
War of the Sixth Coalition
In the War of the Sixth Coalition () (December 1812 – May 1814), sometimes known in Germany as the Wars of Liberation (), a coalition of Austrian Empire, Austria, Kingdom of Prussia, Prussia, Russian Empire, Russia, History of Spain (1808– ...
: The
Battle of Mormant.
*
1819 – The
United States House of Representatives
The United States House of Representatives is a chamber of the Bicameralism, bicameral United States Congress; it is the lower house, with the U.S. Senate being the upper house. Together, the House and Senate have the authority under Artic ...
passes the
Missouri Compromise
The Missouri Compromise (also known as the Compromise of 1820) was federal legislation of the United States that balanced the desires of northern states to prevent the expansion of slavery in the country with those of southern states to expand ...
for the first time.
*
1838 –
Weenen massacre
The Weenen Massacre, also known as the Bloukrans Massacre, was a series of coordinated attacks by Zulu forces under Dingane, King Dingane on Voortrekker encampments in Natal, present-day South Africa, on 17–18 February 1838. Following the kill ...
: Hundreds of
Voortrekkers along the Blaukraans River,
Natal are killed by
Zulus.
*
1854 – The United Kingdom recognizes the independence of the
Orange Free State
The Orange Free State ( ; ) was an independent Boer-ruled sovereign republic under British suzerainty in Southern Africa during the second half of the 19th century, which ceased to exist after it was defeated and surrendered to the British Em ...
.
*
1859 –
Cochinchina Campaign: The
French Navy
The French Navy (, , ), informally (, ), is the Navy, maritime arm of the French Armed Forces and one of the four military service branches of History of France, France. It is among the largest and most powerful List of navies, naval forces i ...
captures the
Citadel of Saigon, a fortress manned by 1,000
Nguyễn dynasty
The Nguyễn dynasty (, chữ Nôm: 茹阮, chữ Hán: 朝阮) was the last List of Vietnamese dynasties, Vietnamese dynasty, preceded by the Nguyễn lords and ruling unified Vietnam independently from 1802 until French protectorate in 1883 ...
soldiers, en route to conquering
Saigon
Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) ('','' TP.HCM; ), commonly known as Saigon (; ), is the most populous city in Vietnam with a population of around 14 million in 2025.
The city's geography is defined by rivers and canals, of which the largest is Saigo ...
and other regions of southern Viet Nam.
*
1863
Events
January
* January 1 – Abraham Lincoln signs the Emancipation Proclamation during the third year of the American Civil War, making the abolition of slavery in the Confederate States of America an official war goal. The signing ...
– A group of citizens of
Geneva
Geneva ( , ; ) ; ; . is the List of cities in Switzerland, second-most populous city in Switzerland and the most populous in French-speaking Romandy. Situated in the southwest of the country, where the Rhône exits Lake Geneva, it is the ca ...
found an International Committee for Relief to the Wounded, which later became known as the
International Committee of the Red Cross
The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) is a humanitarian organization based in Geneva, Switzerland, and is a three-time Nobel Prize laureate. The organization has played an instrumental role in the development of rules of war and ...
.
*
1864
Events
January
* January 13 – American songwriter Stephen Foster ("Oh! Susanna", "Old Folks at Home") dies aged 37 in New York City, leaving a scrap of paper reading "Dear friends and gentle hearts". His parlor song "Beautiful Dream ...
–
American Civil War
The American Civil War (April 12, 1861May 26, 1865; also known by Names of the American Civil War, other names) was a civil war in the United States between the Union (American Civil War), Union ("the North") and the Confederate States of A ...
: The becomes the first submarine to
engage and sink a warship, the .
*
1865 – American Civil War:
Columbia, South Carolina
Columbia is the List of capitals in the United States, capital city of the U.S. state of South Carolina. With a population of 136,632 at the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, it is List of municipalities in South Carolina, the second-mo ...
, is
burned as
Confederate forces flee from advancing
Union forces.
1901–present
*
1905 –
Russian Revolution of 1905
The Russian Revolution of 1905, also known as the First Russian Revolution, was a revolution in the Russian Empire which began on 22 January 1905 and led to the establishment of a constitutional monarchy under the Russian Constitution of 1906, t ...
:
Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia is assassinated in the
Moscow Kremlin
The Moscow Kremlin (also the Kremlin) is a fortified complex in Moscow, Russia. Located in the centre of the country's capital city, the Moscow Kremlin comprises five palaces, four cathedrals, and the enclosing Kremlin Wall along with the K ...
by
Socialist Revolutionary Ivan Kalyayev.
[''The American Monthly Review of Reviews''](_blank)
(April 1905) p. 284
*
1913
Events January
* January – Joseph Stalin travels to Vienna to research his ''Marxism and the National Question''. This means that, during this month, Stalin, Hitler, Trotsky and Tito are all living in the city.
* January 3 &ndash ...
– The
Armory Show opens in New York City, displaying works of artists who are to become some of the most influential painters of the early 20th century.
*
1919 – The
Ukrainian People's Republic asks the
Entente and the United States for help fighting the
Bolsheviks
The Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin, were a radical Faction (political), faction of the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) which split with the Mensheviks at the 2nd Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party, ...
.
*
1944
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 2 – WWII:
** Free France, Free French General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny is appointed to command First Army (France), French Army B, part of the Sixt ...
–
World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
: The
Battle of Eniwetok begins. The battle ends in an American victory on
February 22
Events Pre-1600
* 1076 – Having received a letter during the Lenten synod of 14–20 February demanding that he abdicate, Pope Gregory VII excommunicates Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor.
* 1316 – The Battle of Picotin, between Fer ...
.
* 1944 – World War II:
Operation Hailstone begins: U.S. naval air, surface, and submarine attack against
Truk Lagoon, Japan's main base in the central Pacific, in support of the
Eniwetok invasion.
*
1948
Events January
* January 1
** The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is inaugurated.
** The current Constitutions of Constitution of Italy, Italy and of Constitution of New Jersey, New Jersey (both later subject to amendment) ...
– The
Al-Waziri coup briefly ousts the ruling Hamidaddin dynasty of
Yemen
Yemen, officially the Republic of Yemen, is a country in West Asia. Located in South Arabia, southern Arabia, it borders Saudi Arabia to Saudi Arabia–Yemen border, the north, Oman to Oman–Yemen border, the northeast, the south-eastern part ...
;
Imam
Imam (; , '; : , ') is an Islamic leadership position. For Sunni Islam, Sunni Muslims, Imam is most commonly used as the title of a prayer leader of a mosque. In this context, imams may lead Salah, Islamic prayers, serve as community leaders, ...
Yahya Muhammad Hamid ed-Din is killed.
*
1949
Events
January
* January 1 – A United Nations-sponsored ceasefire brings an end to the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947. The war results in a stalemate and the division of Kashmir, which still continues as of 2025
* January 2 – Luis ...
–
Chaim Weizmann
Chaim Azriel Weizmann ( ; 27 November 1874 – 9 November 1952) was a Russian-born Israeli statesman, biochemist, and Zionist leader who served as president of the World Zionist Organization, Zionist Organization and later as the first pre ...
begins his term as the first
President of Israel
The president of the State of Israel (, or ) is the head of state of Israel. The president is mostly, though not entirely, ceremonial; actual executive power is vested in the Cabinet of Israel, cabinet led by the Prime Minister of Israel, pr ...
.
*
1959
Events
January
* January 1 – Cuba: Fulgencio Batista flees Havana when the forces of Fidel Castro advance.
* January 2 – Soviet lunar probe Luna 1 is the first human-made object to attain escape velocity from Earth. It reaches the ...
–
Project Vanguard
Project Vanguard was a program managed by the United States Navy Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), which intended to launch the first Satellite, artificial satellite into low Earth orbit using a Vanguard (rocket), Vanguard rocket as the launch ...
:
Vanguard 2: The first
weather satellite
A weather satellite or meteorological satellite is a type of Earth observation satellite that is primarily used to monitor the weather and climate of the Earth. Satellites are mainly of two types: polar orbiting (covering the entire Earth asyn ...
is launched to measure cloud-cover distribution.
* 1959 – A
Turkish Airlines
Turkish Airlines (Turkish language, Turkish: ''Türk Hava Yolları''), or legally Türk Hava Yolları Anonim Ortaklığı, is the flag carrier of Turkey. , it operates scheduled services to 352 destinations (including cargo) in Europe, Asia, Oce ...
Vickers Viscount
The Vickers Viscount is a retired British medium-range turboprop airliner first flown in 1948 by Vickers-Armstrongs. A design requirement from the Brabazon Committee, it entered service in 1953 and was the first turboprop-powered airliner.
T ...
crashes near
Gatwick Airport
Gatwick Airport , also known as London Gatwick Airport (), is the Airports of London, secondary international airport serving London, West Sussex and Surrey. It is located near Crawley in West Sussex, south of Central London. In 2024, Gatwic ...
, killing 14;
Turkish prime minister Adnan Menderes survives the crash.
*
1964
Events January
* January 1 – The Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland is dissolved.
* January 5 – In the first meeting between leaders of the Roman Catholic and Orthodox churches since the fifteenth century, Pope Paul VI and Patria ...
– In ''
Wesberry v. Sanders'' the
Supreme Court of the United States
The Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) is the highest court in the federal judiciary of the United States. It has ultimate appellate jurisdiction over all Federal tribunals in the United States, U.S. federal court cases, and over Stat ...
rules that
congressional districts have to be approximately equal in population.
* 1964 – Gabonese president
Léon M'ba
Gabriel Léon M'ba (9 February 1902 – 28 November 1967) was a Gabonese politician who served as both the first Prime Minister of Gabon, Prime Minister (1959–1961) and later, the President of Gabon, from 1961 until his death in 1967.
A ...
is toppled by
a coup and his rival,
Jean-Hilaire Aubame, is installed in his place.
*
1965
Events January–February
* January 14 – The First Minister of Northern Ireland and the Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland meet for the first time in 43 years.
* January 20
** Lyndon B. Johnson is Second inauguration of Lynd ...
–
Project Ranger: The
Ranger 8 probe launches on its mission to photograph the ''
Mare Tranquillitatis
Mare Tranquillitatis (Latin for Sea of Tranquillity or Sea of Tranquility) is a lunar mare that sits within the Tranquillitatis basin on the Moon. It contains Tranquility Base, the first location on another celestial body to be visited by huma ...
'' region of the Moon in preparation for the crewed
Apollo
Apollo is one of the Twelve Olympians, Olympian deities in Ancient Greek religion, ancient Greek and Ancient Roman religion, Roman religion and Greek mythology, Greek and Roman mythology. Apollo has been recognized as a god of archery, mu ...
missions. ''Mare Tranquillitatis'' or the "Sea of Tranquility" would become the site chosen for the
Apollo 11
Apollo 11 was a spaceflight conducted from July 16 to 24, 1969, by the United States and launched by NASA. It marked the first time that humans Moon landing, landed on the Moon. Commander Neil Armstrong and Lunar Module pilot Buzz Aldrin l ...
lunar landing.
*
1966
Events January
* January 1 – In a coup, Colonel Jean-Bédel Bokassa takes over as military ruler of the Central African Republic, ousting President David Dacko.
* January 3 – 1966 Upper Voltan coup d'état: President Maurice Yaméogo i ...
–
Aeroflot Flight 065 crashes during take-off from
Sheremetyevo International Airport
Sheremetyevo International Airport (, , Internal code: ШРМ) is one of four international airports that serve the city of Moscow. It is the busiest airport in Russia and the post-Soviet states, as well as the ninth-busiest airport in Euro ...
, killing 21.
*
1969 – American aquanaut
Berry L. Cannon dies of carbon dioxide poisoning while attempting to repair a leak in the
SEALAB III underwater habitat. The SEALAB project was subsequently abandoned.
*
1970
Events
January
* January 1 – Unix time epoch reached at 00:00:00 UTC.
* January 5 – The 7.1 1970 Tonghai earthquake, Tonghai earthquake shakes Tonghai County, Yunnan province, China, with a maximum Mercalli intensity scale, Mercalli ...
– the family of
Jeffrey R. MacDonald,
United States Army
The United States Army (USA) is the primary Land warfare, land service branch of the United States Department of Defense. It is designated as the Army of the United States in the United States Constitution.Article II, section 2, clause 1 of th ...
captain, is found murdered in their home in
Ft. Bragg, North Carolina. Eventually, MacDonald himself was charged with and convicted of the murder of his pregnant wife and two daughters.
*
1972
Within the context of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) it was the longest year ever, as two leap seconds were added during this 366-day year, an event which has not since been repeated. (If its start and end are defined using Solar time, ...
– Cumulative sales of the
Volkswagen Beetle
The Volkswagen Beetle, officially the Volkswagen Type 1, is a small family car produced by the German company Volkswagen from 1938 to 2003. One of the most iconic cars in automotive history, the Beetle is noted for its distinctive shape. Its pr ...
exceed those of the
Ford Model T
The Ford Model T is an automobile that was produced by the Ford Motor Company from October 1, 1908, to May 26, 1927. It is generally regarded as the first mass-affordable automobile, which made car travel available to middle-class Americans. Th ...
.
*
1974 –
Robert K. Preston, a disgruntled
U.S. Army private, buzzes the
White House
The White House is the official residence and workplace of the president of the United States. Located at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue Northwest (Washington, D.C.), NW in Washington, D.C., it has served as the residence of every U.S. president ...
in a stolen
helicopter
A helicopter is a type of rotorcraft in which Lift (force), lift and thrust are supplied by horizontally spinning Helicopter rotor, rotors. This allows the helicopter to VTOL, take off and land vertically, to hover (helicopter), hover, and ...
.
*
1978
Events January
* January 1 – Air India Flight 855, a Boeing 747 passenger jet, crashes off the coast of Bombay, killing 213.
* January 5 – Bülent Ecevit, of Republican People's Party, CHP, forms the new government of Turkey (42nd ...
–
The Troubles
The Troubles () were an ethno-nationalist conflict in Northern Ireland that lasted for about 30 years from the late 1960s to 1998. Also known internationally as the Northern Ireland conflict, it began in the late 1960s and is usually deemed t ...
: The
Provisional IRA
The Provisional Irish Republican Army (Provisional IRA), officially known as the Irish Republican Army (IRA; ) and informally known as the Provos, was an Irish republican paramilitary force that sought to end British rule in Northern Ireland ...
detonates an
incendiary bomb at the
La Mon restaurant, near Belfast, killing 12 and seriously injuring 30 others, all Protestants.
*
1979
Events
January
* January 1
** United Nations Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim heralds the start of the ''International Year of the Child''. Many musicians donate to the ''Music for UNICEF Concert'' fund, among them ABBA, who write the song ...
– The
Sino-Vietnamese War begins.
*
1980
Events January
* January 4 – U.S. President Jimmy Carter proclaims a United States grain embargo against the Soviet Union, grain embargo against the USSR with the support of the European Commission.
* January 6 – Global Positioning Sys ...
– First winter ascent of
Mount Everest
Mount Everest (), known locally as Sagarmatha in Nepal and Qomolangma in Tibet, is Earth's highest mountain above sea level. It lies in the Mahalangur Himal sub-range of the Himalayas and marks part of the China–Nepal border at it ...
by
Krzysztof Wielicki and
Leszek Cichy.
*
1991
It was the final year of the Cold War, which had begun in 1947. During the year, the Soviet Union Dissolution of the Soviet Union, collapsed, leaving Post-soviet states, fifteen sovereign republics and the Commonwealth of Independent State ...
–
Ryan International Airlines Flight 590 crashes during takeoff from
Cleveland Hopkins International Airport, killing both pilots, the aircraft's only occupants.
*
1992
1992 was designated as International Space Year by the United Nations.
Events January
* January 1 – Boutros Boutros-Ghali of Egypt replaces Javier Pérez de Cuéllar of Peru as United Nations Secretary-General.
* January 6
** The Republ ...
–
First Nagorno-Karabakh War
The First Nagorno-Karabakh War was an ethnic conflict, ethnic and territorial conflict that took place from February 1988 to May 1994, in the enclave of Nagorno-Karabakh in southwestern Azerbaijan, between the majority ethnic Armenians of Nag ...
:
Armenia
Armenia, officially the Republic of Armenia, is a landlocked country in the Armenian Highlands of West Asia. It is a part of the Caucasus region and is bordered by Turkey to the west, Georgia (country), Georgia to the north and Azerbaijan to ...
n troops massacre more than 20
Azerbaijani civilians during the
Capture of Garadaghly.
*
1995
1995 was designated as:
* United Nations Year for Tolerance
* World Year of Peoples' Commemoration of the Victims of the Second World War
This was the first year that the Internet was entirely privatized, with the United States government ...
– The
Cenepa War between
Peru
Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the south and west by the Pac ...
and
Ecuador
Ecuador, officially the Republic of Ecuador, is a country in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west. It also includes the Galápagos Province which contain ...
ends on a
ceasefire
A ceasefire (also known as a truce), also spelled cease-fire (the antonym of 'open fire'), is a stoppage of a war in which each side agrees with the other to suspend aggressive actions often due to mediation by a third party. Ceasefires may b ...
brokered by the
UN.
*
1996
1996 was designated as:
* International Year for the Eradication of Poverty
Events January
* January 8 – A Zairean cargo plane crashes into a crowded market in the center of the capital city of the Democratic Republic of the Congo ...
– In
Philadelphia
Philadelphia ( ), colloquially referred to as Philly, is the List of municipalities in Pennsylvania, most populous city in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania and the List of United States cities by population, sixth-most populous city in the Unit ...
, world champion
Garry Kasparov
Garry Kimovich Kasparov (born Garik Kimovich Weinstein on 13 April 1963) is a Russian Grandmaster (chess), chess grandmaster, former World Chess Champion (1985–2000), political activist and writer. His peak FIDE chess Elo rating system, ra ...
beats the
Deep Blue supercomputer
A supercomputer is a type of computer with a high level of performance as compared to a general-purpose computer. The performance of a supercomputer is commonly measured in floating-point operations per second (FLOPS) instead of million instruc ...
in a
chess
Chess is a board game for two players. It is an abstract strategy game that involves Perfect information, no hidden information and no elements of game of chance, chance. It is played on a square chessboard, board consisting of 64 squares arran ...
match.
* 1996 –
NASA
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agencies of the United States government, independent agency of the federal government of the United States, US federal government responsible for the United States ...
's
Discovery Program begins as the
NEAR Shoemaker
''Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous – Shoemaker'' (''NEAR Shoemaker''), renamed after its 1996 launch in honor of planetary scientist Eugene Merle Shoemaker, Eugene Shoemaker, was a Robotic spacecraft, robotic space probe designed by the Johns ...
spacecraft lifts off on the first mission ever to orbit and land on an asteroid,
433 Eros.
* 1996 – The 8.2
Biak earthquake shakes the
Papua province of eastern
Indonesia
Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean, Pacific oceans. Comprising over List of islands of Indonesia, 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, ...
with a maximum
Mercalli intensity of VIII (''Severe''). A large tsunami followed, leaving 166 people dead or missing and 423 injured.
*
2006
2006 was designated as the International Year of Deserts and Desertification.
Events
January
* January 1– 4 – Russia temporarily cuts shipment of natural gas to Ukraine during a price dispute.
* January 12 – A stampede during t ...
– A
massive mudslide occurs in
Southern Leyte
Southern Leyte (; Kabalian: ''Habagatan nga Leyte''; ; ), officially the Province of Southern Leyte, is a province in the Philippines located in the Eastern Visayas region. Its capital and largest city is Maasin. Southern Leyte comprised the ...
, Philippines; the official death toll is set at 1,126.
*
2008
2008 was designated as:
*International Year of Languages
*International Year of Planet Earth
*International Year of the Potato
*International Year of Sanitation
The Great Recession, a worldwide recession which began in 2007, continued throu ...
–
Kosovo
Kosovo, officially the Republic of Kosovo, is a landlocked country in Southeast Europe with International recognition of Kosovo, partial diplomatic recognition. It is bordered by Albania to the southwest, Montenegro to the west, Serbia to the ...
declares independence from
Serbia
, image_flag = Flag of Serbia.svg
, national_motto =
, image_coat = Coat of arms of Serbia.svg
, national_anthem = ()
, image_map =
, map_caption = Location of Serbia (gree ...
.
*
2011
The year marked the start of a Arab Spring, series of protests and revolutions throughout the Arab world advocating for democracy, reform, and economic recovery, later leading to the depositions of world leaders in Tunisia, Egypt, and Yemen ...
–
Arab Spring
The Arab Spring () was a series of Nonviolent resistance, anti-government protests, Rebellion, uprisings, and Insurgency, armed rebellions that spread across much of the Arab world in the early 2010s. It began Tunisian revolution, in Tunisia ...
: Libyan civil war (2011), Libyan protests against History of Libya under Muammar Gaddafi, Muammar Gaddafi's regime begin.
* 2011 – Arab Spring: In Bahrain, Special Security Force Command, security forces launch a deadly Police raid, pre-dawn raid on protesters in Pearl Roundabout in Manama; the day is locally known as Bloody Thursday (Bahrain), Bloody Thursday.
*2015 – Eighteen people are killed and 78 injured in a 2015 Haiti Carnival stampede, stampede at a Mardi Gras parade in Haiti.
*2016 – Military vehicles February 2016 Ankara bombing, explode outside a Turkish Armed Forces barracks in Ankara, Turkey, killing at least 29 people and injuring 61 others.
Births
Pre-1600
* 624 – Wu Zetian, Chinese empress consort (died 705)
*1028 – Al-Juwayni, Persian scholar and imam (died 1085)
*1490 – Charles III, Duke of Bourbon, Charles III, duke of Bourbon (died 1527)
*1519 – Francis, Duke of Guise, Francis, French Grand Chamberlain (died 1563)
*1524 – Charles, Cardinal of Lorraine, Charles de Lorraine, French cardinal (died 1574)
1601–1900
*1646 – Pierre Le Pesant, sieur de Boisguilbert, French economist (died 1714)
*1653 – Arcangelo Corelli, Italian violinist and composer (died 1713)
*1723 – Tobias Mayer, German astronomer and academic (died 1762)
*1740 – Horace-Bénédict de Saussure, Swiss physicist and meteorologist (died 1799)
*1752 – Friedrich Maximilian Klinger, German author and playwright (died 1831)
*1754 – Nicolas Baudin, French cartographer and explorer (died 1803)
*1758 – John Pinkerton, Scottish antiquarian, cartographer, author, numismatist and historian (died 1826)
*1762 – John Cooke (Royal Navy officer), John Cooke, English captain (died 1805)
*1781 – René Laennec, French physician, invented the stethoscope (died 1826)
*1796 – Philipp Franz von Siebold, German physician and botanist (died 1866)
*1799 – Carl Julian (von) Graba, German lawyer and ornithologist who visited and studied the Faroe Islands (died 1874)
*1817 – Édouard Thilges, Luxembourgish jurist and politician, 7th Prime Minister of Luxembourg (died 1904)
*1820 – Henri Vieuxtemps, Belgian violinist and composer (died 1881)
*1821 – Lola Montez, Irish-American actress and dancer (died 1861)
*1832 – Richard Henry Park, American sculptor (died 1902)
*1836 – Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer, Spanish author, poet, and playwright (died 1870)
*1843 – Aaron Montgomery Ward, American businessman, founded Montgomery Ward (died 1913)
*1848 – Louisa Lawson, Australian poet and publisher (died 1920)
*1849 – Joseph Favre, Swiss chef (died 1903)
*
1854 – Friedrich Alfred Krupp, German businessman (died 1902)
*1861 – Princess Helena of Waldeck and Pyrmont, Helena of Waldeck and Pyrmont, duchess of Albany (died 1922)
*1862 – Mori Ōgai, Japanese general, author, and poet (died 1922)
*
1864
Events
January
* January 13 – American songwriter Stephen Foster ("Oh! Susanna", "Old Folks at Home") dies aged 37 in New York City, leaving a scrap of paper reading "Dear friends and gentle hearts". His parlor song "Beautiful Dream ...
– Jozef Murgaš, Slovak priest, botanist, and painter (died 1929)
* 1864 – Banjo Paterson, Australian journalist, author, and poet (died 1941)
*1874 – Thomas J. Watson, American businessman (died 1956)
*1877 – Isabelle Eberhardt, Swiss explorer and author (died 1904)
* 1877 – André Maginot, French sergeant and politician (died 1932)
*1879 – Dorothy Canfield Fisher, American educational reformer, social activist and author (died 1958)
*1881 – Mary Carson Breckinridge, American nurse midwife, founded Frontier Nursing Service (died 1965)
*1887 – Joseph Bech, Luxembourgish lawyer and politician, 15th Prime Minister of Luxembourg (died 1975)
* 1887 – Leevi Madetoja, Finnish composer and critic (died 1947)
*1888 – Ronald Knox, English Catholic priest (died 1957)
* 1888 – Otto Stern, German-American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1969)
*1890 – Ronald Fisher, English-Australian statistician, biologist, and geneticist (died 1962)
*1891 – Abraham Fraenkel, German-Israeli mathematician and academic (died 1965)
*1893 – Wally Pipp, American baseball player and journalist (died 1965)
*1899 – Jibanananda Das, Bangladeshi-Indian poet and author (died 1954)
*1900 – Ruth Clifford, American actress (died 1998)
1901–present
*1903 – Sadegh Hedayat, Iranian-French author and translator (died 1951)
* 1903 – Joaquín Rodríguez Ortega, known as "Cagancho", Spanish bullfighter (died 1984)
*1904 – Hans Morgenthau, German-American political scientist, philosopher, and academic (died 1980)
*
1905 – Rózsa Péter, Hungarian mathematician (died 1977)
*1906 – Mary Brian, American actress (died 2002)
*1908 – Bo Yibo, Chinese general and politician, Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China (died 2007)
*1910 – Marc Lawrence, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (died 2005)
*1911 – Oskar Seidlin, German-American author, poet, and scholar (died 1984)
*1912 – Andre Norton, American author (died 2005)
*1914 – Arthur Kennedy (actor), Arthur Kennedy, American actor (died 1990)
*1916 – Alexander Obolensky, Russian rugby player and pilot (died 1940)
* 1916 – Don Tallon, Australian cricketer (died 1984)
* 1916 – Raf Vallone, Italian footballer and actor (died 2002)
*1918 – William Bronk, American poet and academic (died 1999)
* 1918 – Jacqueline Ferrand, French mathematician (died 2014)
*
1919 – J. M. S. Careless, Canadian historian and academic (died 2009)
* 1919 – Kathleen Freeman, American actress and singer (died 2001)
* 1919 – Joe Hunt, American tennis player (died 1945)
*1920 – Ivo Caprino, Norwegian director and screenwriter (died 2001)
* 1920 – Annie Glenn, American disability and communication disorder advocate (died 2020)
* 1920 – Curt Swan, American illustrator (died 1996)
*1921 – Duane Gish, American biochemist and academic (died 2013)
*1922 – Tommy Edwards, American R&B singer-songwriter (died 1969)
*1923 – Buddy DeFranco, American clarinet player and bandleader (died 2014)
*1924 – Margaret Truman, American singer and author (died 2008)
*1925 – Ron Goodwin, English composer and conductor (died 2003)
* 1925 – Hal Holbrook, American actor and director (died 2021)
*1928 – Marta Romero, Puerto Rican actress and singer (died 2013)
* 1928 – Michiaki Takahashi, Japanese virologist (died 2013)
*1929 – Alejandro Jodorowsky, Chilean-French director and screenwriter
* 1929 – Chaim Potok, American rabbi and author (died 2002)
* 1929 – Nicholas Ridley, Baron Ridley of Liddesdale, English lieutenant and politician, Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills (died 1993)
* 1929 – Patricia Routledge, English actress and singer
*1930 – Roger Craig (baseball), Roger Craig, American baseball player, coach, and manager (died 2023)
* 1930 – Benjamin Fain, Ukrainian-Israeli physicist and academic (died 2013)
* 1930 – Ruth Rendell, English author (died 2015)
*1931 – Jiřina Jirásková, Czech actress and singer (died 2013)
* 1931 – Buddy Ryan, American football coach (died 2016)
*1933 – Craig L. Thomas, American captain and politician (died 2007)
*1934 – Alan Bates, English actor (died 2003)
* 1934 – Barry Humphries, Australian comedian, actor, and author (died 2023)
*1935 – Christina Pickles, English-American actress
*1936 – Jim Brown, American football player and actor (died 2023)
*1937 – Mary Ann Mobley, American model and actress, Miss America 1959 (died 2014)
*1940 – Vicente Fernández, Mexican singer-songwriter, actor, and producer (died 2021)
* 1940 – Gene Pitney, American singer-songwriter (died 2006)
*1941 – Julia McKenzie, English actress, singer, and director
*1942 – Huey P. Newton, American activist, co-founded the Black Panther Party (died 1989)
*
1944
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 2 – WWII:
** Free France, Free French General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny is appointed to command First Army (France), French Army B, part of the Sixt ...
– Karl Jenkins, Welsh saxophonist, keyboard player, and composer
*1945 – Zina Bethune, American actress, dancer, and choreographer (died 2012)
* 1945 – Brenda Fricker, Irish actress
*1946 – Shahrnush Parsipur, Iranian-American author and academic
*
1948
Events January
* January 1
** The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is inaugurated.
** The current Constitutions of Constitution of Italy, Italy and of Constitution of New Jersey, New Jersey (both later subject to amendment) ...
– José José, Mexican singer-songwriter, producer, and actor (died 2019)
*
1949
Events
January
* January 1 – A United Nations-sponsored ceasefire brings an end to the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947. The war results in a stalemate and the division of Kashmir, which still continues as of 2025
* January 2 – Luis ...
– Fred Frith, English guitarist and songwriter
* 1949 – Dennis Green, American football player and coach (died 2016)
*1951 – Rashid Minhas, Pakistani soldier and pilot (died 1971)
*1952 – Karin Büttner-Janz, German gymnast and physician
* 1952 – Vladimír Padrůněk, Czech musician (died 1991)
*1953 – Becky Ann Baker, American actress
*1954 – Lou Ann Barton, American singer-songwriter
* 1954 – Miki Berkovich, Israeli basketball player
* 1954 – Rene Russo, American actress
*1955 – Mo Yan, Chinese author and academic, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate
*1956 – Richard Karn, American actor and game show host
*1957 – Loreena McKennitt, Canadian singer-songwriter, accordion player, and pianist
*
1959
Events
January
* January 1 – Cuba: Fulgencio Batista flees Havana when the forces of Fidel Castro advance.
* January 2 – Soviet lunar probe Luna 1 is the first human-made object to attain escape velocity from Earth. It reaches the ...
– Aryeh Deri, Moroccan-Israeli rabbi and politician, Ministry of Interior (Israel), Israeli Minister of Internal Affairs
* 1959 – Rowdy Gaines, American swimmer and sportscaster
*1960 – Lindy Ruff, Canadian hockey player and coach
*1961 – Angela Eagle, English politician, Shadow Leader of the House of Commons
* 1961 – Maria Eagle, English politician, Shadow Secretary of State for Defence
* 1961 – Andrey Korotayev, Russian anthropologist, historian, and sociologist
*1962 – Lou Diamond Phillips, American actor and director
*1963 – Larry the Cable Guy, American comedian and voice actor
* 1963 – Alison Hargreaves, English mountaineer (died 1995)
* 1963 – Jen-Hsun Huang, Taiwanese-American businessman, co-founded Nvidia
* 1963 – Michael Jordan, American basketball player, executive, and businessman
*
1964
Events January
* January 1 – The Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland is dissolved.
* January 5 – In the first meeting between leaders of the Roman Catholic and Orthodox churches since the fifteenth century, Pope Paul VI and Patria ...
– Sherry Hawco, Canadian gymnast (died 1991)
*
1965
Events January–February
* January 14 – The First Minister of Northern Ireland and the Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland meet for the first time in 43 years.
* January 20
** Lyndon B. Johnson is Second inauguration of Lynd ...
– Michael Bay, American director and producer
*
1966
Events January
* January 1 – In a coup, Colonel Jean-Bédel Bokassa takes over as military ruler of the Central African Republic, ousting President David Dacko.
* January 3 – 1966 Upper Voltan coup d'état: President Maurice Yaméogo i ...
– Luc Robitaille, Canadian ice hockey player, manager, and actor
*1968 – Giuseppe Signori, Italian footballer
* 1968 – Wu'erkaixi, Chinese journalist and activist
*
1969 – David Douillet, French martial artist and politician
* 1969 – Vasily Kudinov, Russian handball player (died 2017)
*
1970
Events
January
* January 1 – Unix time epoch reached at 00:00:00 UTC.
* January 5 – The 7.1 1970 Tonghai earthquake, Tonghai earthquake shakes Tonghai County, Yunnan province, China, with a maximum Mercalli intensity scale, Mercalli ...
– Dominic Purcell, English-Australian actor and producer
*1971 – Denise Richards, American model and actress
*
1972
Within the context of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) it was the longest year ever, as two leap seconds were added during this 366-day year, an event which has not since been repeated. (If its start and end are defined using Solar time, ...
– Billie Joe Armstrong, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, actor, and producer
* 1972 – Philippe Candeloro, French figure skater
* 1972 – Taylor Hawkins, American singer-songwriter and musician (died 2022)
* 1972 – Valeria Mazza, Argentine model and businesswoman
*1973 – Drew Barry, American basketball player
* 1973 – Goran Bunjevčević, Serbian footballer (died 2018)
* 1973 – Raphaël Ibañez, French rugby player
*
1974 – Kaoru (musician), Kaoru, Japanese guitarist, songwriter, and producer
* 1974 – Jerry O'Connell, American actor, director, and producer
*1975 – Kaspars Astašenko, Latvian ice hockey player (died 2012)
* 1975 – Václav Prospal, Czech ice hockey player
*1976 – Kelly Carlson, American actress and model
*
1978
Events January
* January 1 – Air India Flight 855, a Boeing 747 passenger jet, crashes off the coast of Bombay, killing 213.
* January 5 – Bülent Ecevit, of Republican People's Party, CHP, forms the new government of Turkey (42nd ...
– Rory Kinnear, English actor and playwright
*
1979
Events
January
* January 1
** United Nations Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim heralds the start of the ''International Year of the Child''. Many musicians donate to the ''Music for UNICEF Concert'' fund, among them ABBA, who write the song ...
– Conrad Ricamora, American actor
* 1979 – Josh Willingham, American baseball player
*
1980
Events January
* January 4 – U.S. President Jimmy Carter proclaims a United States grain embargo against the Soviet Union, grain embargo against the USSR with the support of the European Commission.
* January 6 – Global Positioning Sys ...
– Al Harrington, American basketball player
* 1980 – Jason Ritter, American actor
* 1980 – Klemi Saban, Israeli footballer
*1981 – Joseph Gordon-Levitt, American actor, director, and producer
* 1981 – Paris Hilton, American model, media personality, actress, singer, DJ, author and businesswoman
* 1981 – Pontus Segerström, Swedish footballer (died 2014)
*1982 – Adriano (footballer, born February 1982), Adriano, Brazilian footballer
* 1982 – Brian Bruney, American baseball player
*1984 – AB de Villiers, South African cricketer
* 1984 – Marcin Gortat, Polish basketball player
* 1984 – Katie Hill (basketball), Katie Hill, Australian 3.0 point player, 3.0 point wheelchair basketball player
*1985 – Anders Jacobsen (ski jumper), Anders Jacobsen, Norwegian ski jumper
*1986 – Brett Kern, American football player
*1987 – Ísis Valverde, Brazilian actress
*1988 – Michael Frolík, Czech ice hockey player
* 1988 – Case Keenum, American football player
* 1988 – Vasyl Lomachenko, Ukrainian boxer
*1989 – Rebecca Adlington, English swimmer
* 1989 – Chord Overstreet, American actor and singer
*1990 – Marianne St-Gelais, Canadian speed skater
* 1990 – Edin Višća, Bosnian footballer
*
1991
It was the final year of the Cold War, which had begun in 1947. During the year, the Soviet Union Dissolution of the Soviet Union, collapsed, leaving Post-soviet states, fifteen sovereign republics and the Commonwealth of Independent State ...
– Phil Pressey, American basketball player and coach
* 1991 – Ed Sheeran, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
* 1991 – Jeremy Allen White, American actor
* 1991 – Bonnie Wright, English actress, filmmaker, and activist
*
1992
1992 was designated as International Space Year by the United Nations.
Events January
* January 1 – Boutros Boutros-Ghali of Egypt replaces Javier Pérez de Cuéllar of Peru as United Nations Secretary-General.
* January 6
** The Republ ...
– Meaghan Martin, American actress and singer
*1993 – Marc Márquez, Spanish motorcycle racer
*1994 – Mason Jobst, American ice hockey player
*
1995
1995 was designated as:
* United Nations Year for Tolerance
* World Year of Peoples' Commemoration of the Victims of the Second World War
This was the first year that the Internet was entirely privatized, with the United States government ...
– Madison Keys, American tennis player
*
1996
1996 was designated as:
* International Year for the Eradication of Poverty
Events January
* January 8 – A Zairean cargo plane crashes into a crowded market in the center of the capital city of the Democratic Republic of the Congo ...
– Sebastian Aho (ice hockey, born 1996), Sebastian Aho, Swedish ice hockey player
* 1996 – Sasha Pieterse, South African-American actress and singer-songwriter
*1997 – Gaetano Castrovilli, Italian footballer
* 1997 – Zeki Çelik, Turkish footballer
*1998 – Devin White, American football player
*
2006
2006 was designated as the International Year of Deserts and Desertification.
Events
January
* January 1– 4 – Russia temporarily cuts shipment of natural gas to Ukraine during a price dispute.
* January 12 – A stampede during t ...
– Tyler Dibling, English footballer
Deaths
Pre-1600
* 364 – Jovian (emperor), Jovian, Roman emperor (born 331)
* 440 – Mesrop Mashtots, Armenian monk, linguist, and theologian (born 360)
* 923 – Al-Tabari, Persian scholar (born 839)
*1178 – Evermode of Ratzeburg, bishop of Ratzeburg
*1220 – Theobald I, Duke of Lorraine
*1339 – Otto, Duke of Austria (born 1301)
*1371 – Ivan Alexander of Bulgaria
*
1500 – Adolph, Count of Oldenburg-Delmenhorst, German noble (born before 1463)
*
1600 –
Giordano Bruno
Giordano Bruno ( , ; ; born Filippo Bruno; January or February 1548 – 17 February 1600) was an Italian philosopher, poet, alchemist, astrologer, cosmological theorist, and esotericist. He is known for his cosmological theories, which concep ...
, Italian mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher (born 1548)
1601–1900
*1609 – Ferdinando I de' Medici, Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (born 1549)
*1624 – Juan de Mariana, Spanish priest and historian (born 1536)
*1659 – Abel Servien, French politician, Minister of the Economy, Finances and Industry (France), French Minister of Finance (born 1593)
*1673 – Molière, French actor and playwright (born 1622)
*1680 – Denzil Holles, 1st Baron Holles, English politician (born 1599)
* 1680 – Jan Swammerdam, Dutch biologist, zoologist, and entomologist (born 1637)
*1715 – Antoine Galland, French orientalist and archaeologist (born 1646)
*1732 – Louis Marchand, French organist and composer (born 1669)
*1768 – Arthur Onslow, English lawyer and politician, Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom), Speaker of the House of Commons (born 1691)
*1841 – Ferdinando Carulli, Italian guitarist and composer (born 1770)
*1849 – María de las Mercedes Barbudo, Puerto Rican political activist, the first woman ''Independentista'' in the island (born 1773)
*
1854 – John Martin (painter), John Martin, English painter, engraver, and illustrator (born 1789)
*1856 – Heinrich Heine, German journalist and poet (born 1797)
*1872 – Gomburza, Filipino priests:
**José Burgos (born 1837)
**Mariano Gomez (priest), Mariano Gómes (born 1799)
**Jacinto Zamora (born 1835)
*1874 – Adolphe Quetelet, Belgian astronomer, mathematician, and sociologist (born 1796)
*1890 – Christopher Latham Sholes, American publisher and politician (born 1819)
1901–present
*
1905 –
Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia, fifth son and seventh child of Tsar Alexander II of Russia, Alexander II (born 1857)
* 1905 – William Bickerton, English-American religious leader, leader in the Latter Day Saint movement (born 1815)
*1909 – Geronimo, American tribal leader (born 1829)
*1912 – Edgar Evans, Welsh sailor and explorer (born 1876)
*
1919 – Wilfrid Laurier, Canadian lawyer and politician, 7th Prime Minister of Canada (born 1841)
*1924 – Oskar Merikanto, Finnish composer (born 1868)
*1934 – Albert I of Belgium (born 1875)
* 1934 – Siegbert Tarrasch, German chess player and theoretician (born 1862)
*1939 – Willy Hess (violinist), Willy Hess, German violinist and educator (born 1859)
*1946 – Dorothy Gibson, American actress and singer (born 1889)
*
1948
Events January
* January 1
** The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is inaugurated.
** The current Constitutions of Constitution of Italy, Italy and of Constitution of New Jersey, New Jersey (both later subject to amendment) ...
–
Yahya Muhammad Hamid ed-Din, Imams of Yemen, Imam of Yemen (born 1904)
*1961 – Lütfi Kırdar, Turkish physician and politician, Ministry of Health (Turkey), Turkish Minister of Health (born 1887)
* 1961 – Nita Naldi, American actress (born 1894)
*1962 – Joseph Kearns, American actor (born 1907)
* 1962 – Bruno Walter, German-American pianist, composer, and conductor (born 1876)
*
1966
Events January
* January 1 – In a coup, Colonel Jean-Bédel Bokassa takes over as military ruler of the Central African Republic, ousting President David Dacko.
* January 3 – 1966 Upper Voltan coup d'état: President Maurice Yaméogo i ...
– Hans Hofmann, German-American painter (born 1880)
*
1969 –
Berry L. Cannon, American aquanaut (born 1935)
*
1970
Events
January
* January 1 – Unix time epoch reached at 00:00:00 UTC.
* January 5 – The 7.1 1970 Tonghai earthquake, Tonghai earthquake shakes Tonghai County, Yunnan province, China, with a maximum Mercalli intensity scale, Mercalli ...
– Shmuel Yosef Agnon, Ukrainian-Israeli novelist, short story writer, and poet, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1888)
* 1970 – Alfred Newman (composer), Alfred Newman, American composer and conductor (born 1900)
*
1972
Within the context of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) it was the longest year ever, as two leap seconds were added during this 366-day year, an event which has not since been repeated. (If its start and end are defined using Solar time, ...
– Friday Hassler, American race car driver (born 1935)
*1977 – Janani Luwum, Ugandan archbishop and saint (born 1922)
*
1979
Events
January
* January 1
** United Nations Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim heralds the start of the ''International Year of the Child''. Many musicians donate to the ''Music for UNICEF Concert'' fund, among them ABBA, who write the song ...
– William Gargan, American actor (born 1905)
*1982 – Nestor Chylak, American baseball player and umpire (born 1922)
* 1982 – Thelonious Monk, American pianist and composer (born 1917)
* 1982 – Lee Strasberg, American actor and director (born 1901)
*1986 – Jiddu Krishnamurti, Indian-American philosopher and author (born 1895)
*1988 – John M. Allegro, English archaeologist and scholar (born 1923)
* 1988 – Karpoori Thakur, Indian educator and politician, 11th List of Chief Ministers of Bihar, Chief Minister of Bihar (born 1924)
*1989 – Lefty Gomez, American baseball player (born 1908)
*1990 – Jean-Marc Boivin, French mountaineer, skier, and pilot (born 1951)
*1994 – Randy Shilts, American journalist and author (born 1951)
*1998 – Ernst Jünger, German soldier, philosopher, and author (born 1895)
*2003 – Steve Bechler, American baseball player (born 1979)
*2004 – José López Portillo, Mexican lawyer and politician, 51st President of Mexico (born 1920)
*2005 – Dan O'Herlihy, Irish-American actor (born 1919)
* 2005 – Omar Sívori, Argentinian footballer and manager (born 1935)
*
2006
2006 was designated as the International Year of Deserts and Desertification.
Events
January
* January 1– 4 – Russia temporarily cuts shipment of natural gas to Ukraine during a price dispute.
* January 12 – A stampede during t ...
– Ray Barretto, American drummer (born 1929)
*2009 – Conchita Cintrón, Chilean bullfighter and journalist (born 1922)
*2010 – Kathryn Grayson, American actress and singer (born 1922)
*2012 – Robert Carr, English engineer and politician, Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer (born 1916)
* 2012 – Michael Davis (bassist), Michael Davis, American singer-songwriter and bass player (born 1943)
* 2012 – Nicolaas Govert de Bruijn, Dutch mathematician and theorist (born 1918)
* 2012 – Ulric Neisser, German-American psychologist and academic (born 1928)
*2013 – Richard Briers, English actor (born 1934)
* 2013 – Shmulik Kraus, Israeli singer-songwriter and actor (born 1935)
* 2013 – Sophie Kurys, American baseball player (born 1925)
* 2013 – Mindy McCready, American singer-songwriter (born 1975)
*2014 – Bob Casale, American guitarist, keyboard player, and producer (born 1952)
* 2014 – Peter Florin, German politician and diplomat, President of the United Nations General Assembly (born 1921)
* 2014 – Wayne Smith (musician), Wayne Smith, Jamaican singer (born 1965)
*2015 – John Barrow (Canadian football), John Barrow, American-Canadian football player and manager (born 1935)
* 2015 – Cathy Ubels-Veen, Dutch politician (born 1928)
* 2015 – Liu Yudi, Chinese general and pilot (born 1923)
*2016 – Andy Ganteaume, Trinidadian cricketer (born 1921)
* 2016 – Mohamed Hassanein Heikal, Egyptian journalist (born 1923)
* 2016 – Claude Jeancolas, French historian, author, and journalist (born 1949)
* 2016 – Tony Phillips, American baseball player (born 1959)
* 2016 – Andrzej Żuławski, Polish film director (born 1940)
*2017 – Robert H. Michel, American politician (born 1923)
* 2017 – Michael Novak, American Roman Catholic theologian (born 1933)
*2021 – Rush Limbaugh, American talk show host and author (born 1951)
* 2021 – Seif Sharif Hamad, Tanzanian politician (born 1943)
*2024 – Gamini Jayawickrama Perera, Sri Lankan politician (born 1941)
*2025 – Paquita la del Barrio, Mexican singer, songwriter and actress (born 1947)
*2025 – Frits Bolkestein, Dutch politician (born 1933)
*2025 – Rick Buckler, English drummer, songwriter, and producer (born 1955)
*2025 – James Harrison (blood donor), James Harrison, Australian blood plasma donor (born 1936)
Holidays and observances
*Christian feast day:
**Servite Order, Seven Founders of the Servite Order
***Alexis Falconieri
**Constabilis
**Donatus, Romulus, Secundian, and 86 Companions, Donatus, Romulus, Secundian, and Companions
**Fintan of Clonenagh
**Janani Luwum (Anglican Communion)
**Lommán of Trim
**February 17 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
*Kosovo Independence Day, Independence Day, celebrates the independence declaration of
Kosovo
Kosovo, officially the Republic of Kosovo, is a landlocked country in Southeast Europe with International recognition of Kosovo, partial diplomatic recognition. It is bordered by Albania to the southwest, Montenegro to the west, Serbia to the ...
in 2008, still International Court of Justice advisory opinion on Kosovo's declaration of independence, partially recognized.
*Public holidays in Libya, Revolution Day (Libya)
References
External links
BBC: On This Day*
Historical Events on February 17
{{months
Days of February