Fascist People's Party of Sweden (in Swedish: ''Sveriges Fascistiska Folkparti'') was a

fascist Fascism ( ) is a far-right, authoritarian, and ultranationalist political ideology and movement. It is characterized by a dictatorial leader, centralized autocracy, militarism, forcible suppression of opposition, belief in a natural soci ...

and later

Nazi Nazism (), formally named National Socialism (NS; , ), is the far-right politics, far-right Totalitarianism, totalitarian socio-political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in Germany. During H ...

political party A political party is an organization that coordinates candidates to compete in a particular area's elections. It is common for the members of a party to hold similar ideas about politics, and parties may promote specific political ideology, ...

Sweden Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden, is a Nordic countries, Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and north, and Finland to the east. At , Sweden is the largest Nordic count ...

History

It was founded on 3 September 1926 by a circle around the fascist publication ''Nationen''. Its cadre was made up of members of the earlier ''Sveriges Fascistiska Kamporganisation'' ("Sweden's Fascist Combat Organisation", SFKO, initially called "Sveriges Fosterländska Kamporganisation", i.e "Sweden's pro-national combat organisation", in the start).Polisrapport om Munckska frikåren 1932
(in Swedish) Retrieved 17 September 2019. Ideologically, the party was initially strongly influenced by

Italian fascism Italian fascism (), also called classical fascism and Fascism, is the original fascist ideology, which Giovanni Gentile and Benito Mussolini developed in Italy. The ideology of Italian fascism is associated with a series of political parties le ...

and

Benito Mussolini Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (29 July 188328 April 1945) was an Italian politician and journalist who, upon assuming office as Prime Minister of Italy, Prime Minister, became the dictator of Fascist Italy from the March on Rome in 1922 un ...

, but later on, the focus was shifted towards German

Nazism Nazism (), formally named National Socialism (NS; , ), is the far-right totalitarian socio-political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in Germany. During Hitler's rise to power, it was fre ...

. Until 1929 the organisation used the

fasces A fasces ( ; ; a , from the Latin word , meaning 'bundle'; ) is a bound bundle of wooden rods, often but not always including an axe (occasionally two axes) with its blade emerging. The fasces is an Italian symbol that had its origin in the Etrus ...

as its symbol however this was later replaced with three crowns representing its support for the Swedish monarchy placed upon a white circle with a red background similar to the flag of the

Nazi Party The Nazi Party, officially the National Socialist German Workers' Party ( or NSDAP), was a far-right politics, far-right political party in Germany active between 1920 and 1945 that created and supported the ideology of Nazism. Its precursor ...

representing its shift in ideology towards Nazism. The party's rhetoric was firmly anti-communist and anti-semitic. The party newspaper consistently advocated for violence.

Konrad Hallgren Konrad Otto Kristian Hallgren (9 April 1891 – 8 August 1962) was a Swedish party chairman in Sweden's first fascist organization, Sveriges Fascistiska Kamporganisation (SFKO, "Sweden's Fascist Combat-Organization"). Hallgren was born in Landsk ...

, a former German officer, was one of the people who started the organization and also became the leader of the party. He was also involved with the secret right-wing paramilitary "

Munckska kåren ''Munckska kåren'' (literally "the Munck corps", formally ''Stockholms luftförsvars frivilliga beredskapsförening'') was a Swedish secret paramilitary group founded by the retired lieutenant general Bror Munck in 1927. While nominally apolitica ...

" ("Munck's corps"). Other important members included Corporal

Sven Olov Lindholm Sven Olov Knutsson Lindholm (8 February 1903 – 26 April 1998) was a Swedish Nazi leader, active in far-right politics from the 1920s to the 1950s. This included leading the Nazi party named Svensk socialistisk samling (SSS; literally "Swedis ...

and Lieutenant Sven Hedengren. It had close connections to at least one leading member of the German counter-revolutionary

Freikorps (, "Free Corps" or "Volunteer Corps") were irregular German and other European paramilitary volunteer units that existed from the 18th to the early 20th centuries. They effectively fought as mercenaries or private military companies, rega ...

who, after the Freikorps murder of

Rosa Luxemburg Rosa Luxemburg ( ; ; ; born Rozalia Luksenburg; 5 March 1871 – 15 January 1919) was a Polish and naturalised-German revolutionary and Marxist theorist. She was a key figure of the socialist movements in Poland and Germany in the early 20t ...

, had moved to Sweden. In 1929 a delegation of the party, including Hallgren and Lindholm, attended the ''Parteitag'' of

NSDAP The Nazi Party, officially the National Socialist German Workers' Party ( or NSDAP), was a far-right political party in Germany active between 1920 and 1945 that created and supported the ideology of Nazism. Its precursor, the German Workers ...

Nuremberg Nuremberg (, ; ; in the local East Franconian dialect: ''Nämberch'' ) is the Franconia#Towns and cities, largest city in Franconia, the List of cities in Bavaria by population, second-largest city in the States of Germany, German state of Bav ...

. After the return from Germany, the party changed its name to National Socialist People's Party of Sweden (''Sveriges Nationalsocialistiska Folkparti''). On 19 January 1930 the party split, with members under Stig Bille rebelling against Hallgren and forming the

New Swedish People's League The New Swedish People's League () was a Nazi organization in Sweden. The organization was founded on 19 January 1930, as members of the National Socialist People's Party of Sweden in western Sweden rebelled against the party leader Konrad Hallgren ...

. In 1930, the party merged with the Swedish National Socialist Peasants and Workers Party. Later the same year, it merged with the

, forming the

Swedish National Socialist Party The Swedish National Socialist Party (, abbreviated SNSP) was a Nazi political party in Sweden. Birger Furugård served as ''riksledare'' ('National Leader') of the party.Schön, Bosse. Svenskarna som stred för Hitler: ett historiskt reporta ...

References

Anti-communist organizations in Sweden Fascism in Sweden Political parties established in 1926 Defunct political parties in Sweden Nazism in Sweden Nazi parties {{Sweden-party-stub