Farzand Ali Durrani (1 January 1933 - 10 December 2003) was a Pakistani archaeologist known for his work on the

Indus Valley Civilization The Indus Valley Civilisation (IVC), also known as the Indus Civilisation was a Bronze Age civilisation in the northwestern regions of South Asia, lasting from 3300 BCE to 1300 BCE, and in its mature form 2600 BCE to 1900&n ...

, one of the world's earliest urban civilizations that flourished in the region of modern-day Pakistan and India from around 2600 BCE to 1900 BCE. Durrani also served as a vice chancellor of Greenwich University Peshawar.

Early life and education

Durrani was born on 1 January 1933, in

Dera Ismail Khan Dera Ismail Khan (; bal, , Urdu and skr, , ps, ډېره اسماعيل خان), abbreviated as D.I. Khan, is a city and capital of Dera Ismail Khan District, located in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. It is the 37th largest city of Pakistan ...

, Pakistan. He earned a Bachelor of Arts degree from the

University of Peshawar The University of Peshawar ( ps, د پېښور پوهنتون; hnd, پشور یونیورسٹی; ur, ; abbreviated UoP; known more popularly as Peshawar University) is a Public university, public research university located in Peshawar, Khy ...

in 1961 and a Master of Arts degree in archaeology from the University of Punjab in 1965. He also obtained a PhD in archaeology from the

University of London The University of London (UoL; abbreviated as Lond or more rarely Londin in post-nominals) is a federal public research university located in London, England, United Kingdom. The university was established by royal charter in 1836 as a degree ...

in 1971.http://journals.uop.edu.pk/papers/AP_v15_253to259.pdf

Career

Durrani's work has focused on the archaeology and history of the

. He has conducted excavations at several sites in Pakistan, including

Harappa Harappa (; Urdu/ pnb, ) is an archaeological site in Punjab, Pakistan, about west of Sahiwal. The Bronze Age Harappan civilisation, now more often called the Indus Valley Civilisation, is named after the site, which takes its name from a mode ...

, Mohenjo-daro, and Kot Diji. His research has helped to shed light on various aspects of the Indus Valley Civilization, including its social organization, trade, technology, and religious practices. Durrani has also written on the Indus Valley Civilization and other aspects of Pakistani archaeology. Some of his notable publications include ''"Excavations at Harappa," "The Indus Civilization: A People's History of Ancient Pakistan," and "The Balochistan Archaeological Project: An Overview."'' He has also served as the Director of the Department of Archaeology and Museums in Pakistan.

References

{{Authority Control 1933 births 2003 deaths 20th-century archaeologists 21st-century archaeologists Pakistani archaeologists People from Dera Ismail Khan District University of Peshawar alumni University of the Punjab alumni Alumni of the University of London Recipients of the Pride of Performance Recipients of Sitara-i-Imtiaz Harappa Mohenjo-daro