F. F. Blackman
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Frederick Frost Blackman FRS (25 July 1866 – 30 January 1947) was a British plant physiologist. Frederick Blackman was born in Lambeth, London to a doctor. He studied medicine at St. Bartholomew's Hospital, graduating MA. In the subsequent years, he studied natural sciences at the University of Cambridge and was awarded DSc. He conducted research on plant physiology, in particular photosynthesis, in Cambridge until his retirement in 1936.
Gabrielle Matthaei Gabrielle Louise Caroline Howard (née Matthaei; 3 October 1876 – 18 August 1930), usually cited as G. L. C. Matthaei, was an English plant physiologist and economic botanist who advocated organic farming. Education and photosynthesis ...
was his assistant until 1905. He was elected in May 1906 a Fellow of the Royal Society, his candidature citation reading "Fellow of St John's College, Cambridge. Ex-Lecturer and now Reader in Botany in the University." He has made distinguished investigations in
plant physiology Plant physiology is a subdiscipline of botany concerned with the functioning, or physiology, of plants. Closely related fields include plant morphology (structure of plants), plant ecology (interactions with the environment), phytochemistry (bi ...
. In 1921 he was awarded the
Royal Medal The Royal Medal, also known as The Queen's Medal and The King's Medal (depending on the gender of the monarch at the time of the award), is a silver-gilt medal, of which three are awarded each year by the Royal Society, two for "the most important ...
and in 1923 delivered the Croonian lecture. He was buried at the Parish of the Ascension Burial Ground in Cambridge, with his wife Elsie (1882 - 1967).


Blackman's law of limiting factors

Blackman proposed the law of limiting factors in 1905. According to this law, when a process depends on a number of factors, its rate is limited by the pace of the slowest factor. Blackman's law is illustrated by C O2 concentration as a limiting factor in the rate of oxygen production in photosynthesis: Suppose a leaf is exposed to a certain light intensity which can use 5 mg. of C O2 per hour in photosynthesis. If only 1 mg. of C O2 enters the leaf in an hour, the rate of photosynthesis is limited due to C O2 factor. But as the concentration of the C O2 increases from 1 to 5 mg./hour the rate of photosynthesis is also increased.


Works

"Experimental researches in vegetable assimilation and respiration": * 1895: "On a new method for investigating the carbonic acid exchanges of plants", Annals of Botany 9(1): 161 * 1895: "On the paths of gaseous exchange between areal leaves and the atmosphere", ''Annals of Botany'' * 1895: (with
Gabrielle Matthaei Gabrielle Louise Caroline Howard (née Matthaei; 3 October 1876 – 18 August 1930), usually cited as G. L. C. Matthaei, was an English plant physiologist and economic botanist who advocated organic farming. Education and photosynthesis ...
) "On the effect of temperature on carbon dioxide assimilation" * 1905: (with Gabrielle Matthaei
A Quantitative Study of Carbon Dioxide Assimilation and Leaf Temperature in Natural Illumination
''Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society at London'' via
Jstor JSTOR (; short for ''Journal Storage'') is a digital library founded in 1995 in New York City. Originally containing digitized back issues of academic journals, it now encompasses books and other primary sources as well as current issues of j ...
* 1905: "Optima and Limiting Factors", ''Annals of Botany'',


See also

*
Dorothea Pertz Dorothea Frances Matilda "Dora" Pertz FLS (14 March 1859 – 6 March 1939) was a British botanist. She co-authored five papers with Francis Darwin, Charles Darwin's son. She was made a Fellow of the Linnean Society, among the first women ad ...


References


Further reading

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External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Blackman, Frederick Frost 1866 births 1947 deaths People from Lambeth British botanists Fellows of the Royal Society Royal Medal winners Plant physiologists