United States president The president of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America. The president directs the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United State ...

s issue

executive order In the United States, an executive order is a directive by the president of the United States that manages operations of the federal government. The legal or constitutional basis for executive orders has multiple sources. Article Two of th ...

s to help officers and agencies of the executive branch manage the operations within the federal government itself. Donald Trump signed a total of 220 executive orders from January 2017 to January 2021.

Cumulative number of executive orders signed by Donald Trump

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

References

Notes

National security directive National security directives are presidential directives issued for the National Security Council (NSC). Starting with Harry Truman, every president since the founding of the National Security Council in 1947 has issued national security directive ...

s are generally highly classified and are not executive orders. However, in an unprecedented move, the Trump administration ordered their national security directives to be published in the ''Federal Register''. #

National Security and Homeland Security Presidential Directive The National Security and Homeland Security Presidential Directive (National Security Presidential Directive NSPD 51/Homeland Security Presidential Directive HSPD-20, sometimes called simply "Executive Directive 51" for short), signed by Presiden ...

s address continuity of government in the event of a "catastrophic emergency" disrupting the U.S. population, economy, environment, infrastructure and government policy. # On April 25, 2017,

United States district judge The United States district courts are the trial courts of the United States federal judiciary, U.S. federal judiciary. There is one district court for each United States federal judicial district, federal judicial district, which each cover o ...

of the

United States District Court for the Northern District of California The United States District Court for the Northern District of California (in case citations, N.D. Cal.) is the federal United States district court whose jurisdiction comprises the following counties of California: Alameda, Contra Costa, Del ...

William Orrick III William Horsley Orrick III (born May 15, 1953) is an American lawyer and judge. A native of San Francisco, Orrick has been a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of California since 2013. ...

ruled that Trump exceeded his presidential authority when he signed EO 13768 on January 25, 2017, directing his administration to withhold all federal funding from local jurisdictions deemed to be "sanctuary jurisdictions" including "

sanctuary cities Sanctuary city (; ) refers to municipal jurisdictions, typically in North America, that limit their cooperation with the national government's effort to enforce immigration law. Leaders of sanctuary cities say they want to reduce fear of deport ...

" by issuing a

preliminary injunction An injunction is a legal and equitable remedy in the form of a special court order that compels a party to do or refrain from specific acts. ("The court of appeals ... has exclusive jurisdiction to enjoin, set aside, suspend (in whole or in par ...

. Judge Orrick subsequently issued a nationwide permanent injunction on November 20, 2017, declaring that section 9(a) of

Executive Order 13768 Executive Order 13768 titled Enhancing Public Safety in the Interior of the United States was signed by U.S. President Donald Trump on January 25, 2017. The order stated that "sanctuary jurisdictions" including sanctuary cities that refused to c ...

was " unconstitutional on its face" and violates "the separation of powers doctrine and deprives he plaintiffsof their Tenth and Fifth Amendment rights." # Revoked by: EO 13780, of March 16, 2017. # Revokes: EO 13769, of March 16, 2017. # On March 15, 2017, Judge

Derrick Watson Derrick Kahala Watson (born September 9, 1966) is an American lawyer who serves as the Chief United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Hawaii. A native of Hawaii, he graduated from Harvard University a ...

of the

United States District Court for the District of Hawaii The United States District Court for the District of Hawaii (in case citations, D. Haw.) is the principal trial court of the United States federal courts, United States Federal Court System in the U.S. state, state of Hawaii. The court's terri ...

issued a

temporary restraining order An injunction is a legal and equitable remedy in the form of a special court order that compels a party to do or refrain from specific acts. ("The court of appeals ... has exclusive jurisdiction to enjoin, set aside, suspend (in whole or in par ...

enjoining the government from enforcing several key provisions of the order (Sections 2 and 6). The judge claimed the executive order was likely motivated by anti-Muslim sentiment and thus breached the

Establishment Clause In United States law, the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment to the United States Constitution, together with that Amendment's Free Exercise Clause, form the constitutional right of freedom of religion. The relevant constitutional text ...

of the

United States Constitution The Constitution of the United States is the Supremacy Clause, supreme law of the United States, United States of America. It superseded the Articles of Confederation, the nation's first constitution, in 1789. Originally comprising seven ar ...

. On the same date, Judge Theodore Chuang of the

United States District Court for the District of Maryland The United States District Court for the District of Maryland (in case citations, D. Md.) is the federal district court whose jurisdiction is the state of Maryland. Appeals from the District of Maryland are taken to the United States Court of ...

reached a similar conclusion (enjoining Section 2(c) only). The

Department of Justice A justice ministry, ministry of justice, or department of justice is a ministry or other government agency in charge of the administration of justice. The ministry or department is often headed by a minister of justice (minister for justice in a v ...

stated that it "will continue to defend heExecutive Order in the courts". Shortly following arguments from the state of Hawaii and the Department of Justice, the restraining order was converted by Watson into an indefinite preliminary injunction on March 29. #

United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit The United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit (in case citations, 4th Cir.) is a federal court located in Richmond, Virginia, with appellate jurisdiction over the district courts in the following districts: * District of Maryla ...

Richmond, Virginia (Thus do we reach the stars) , image_map = , mapsize = 250 px , map_caption = Location within Virginia , pushpin_map = Virginia#USA , pushpin_label = Richmond , pushpin_m ...

, refused on May 25, 2017, to reinstate the ban, citing religious discrimination. On June 1, 2017, the Trump administration appealed to the

U.S. Supreme Court The Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) is the highest court in the federal judiciary of the United States. It has ultimate appellate jurisdiction over all U.S. federal court cases, and over state court cases that involve a point o ...

for the cancellation of the preliminary injunctions and to allow the order to go into effect while the court looks at its ultimate legality later in the year. On June 26, 2017, the Supreme Court partially lifted the halt and will hear oral arguments for the petition to vacate the injunctions in the fall. # Revokes: EO 13673 of July 31, 2014, section 3 of EO 13683 of December 11, 2014, and EO 13738 of August 23, 2016. # Revokes: EO 13775 of February 9, 2017. # Revokes: EO 13575 ( Establishment of the White House Rural Council) of June 9, 2011. # Amends: EO 13067 of November 3, 1997; EO 13412 of October 13, 2006; and EO 13761 of January 13, 2017. # Revised: Regarding Construction of the Dakota Access Pipeline of January 24, 2017
Document Citation:82 FR 11129. Document Number:R1-2017-02032. Revised on February 17, 2017.
# , # On April 26, 2017, Trump announced that he would not have the United States withdraw from the

NAFTA The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA ; es, Tratado de Libre Comercio de América del Norte, TLCAN; french: Accord de libre-échange nord-américain, ALÉNA) was an agreement signed by Canada, Mexico, and the United States that crea ...

Negotiations and Agreement. He will attempt to re-negotiate the agreement with

Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over , making it the world's second-largest country by tot ...

and

Mexico Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...

. # Revokes: Presidential Memorandum 10 of January 28, 2017. # Continues: EO 13664, of April 3, 2014. # Continues: EO 13694, of December 28, 2016. # Continues: EO 13536, of April 12, 2010. # Continues: EO 13611, of May 16, 2012. # Continues: EO 13338, of May 11, 2004. # Continues: EO 13667, of May 12, 2014. # Continues: EO 13303, of May 22, 2003. # Continues: EO 13405, of June 16, 2006. # Continues: EO 13466, of June 26, 2008; Expanded in scope in EO 13551 of August 30, 2010; Addressed further in EO 13570 of April 18, 2011; Further expanded in scope in EO 13687 of January 2, 2015; Under which additional steps were taken in EO 13722 of March 15, 2016. # Continues: EO 13219 of June 26, 2001. # Continues: EO 13581 of July 25, 2011. # Revokes: Notice 11 of July 19, 2017; Continues: EO 13581 of July 25, 2011. # Continues: EO 13341 of August 1, 2007. # Continues: EO 13222 of August 17, 2001; Amended by EO 13637 of March 8, 2013. # Continues: Proclamation 7463 of September 14, 2001. # Continues: EO 13224 of September 23, 2001. # Revokes: EO 13522 of December 9, 2009. # Amends: EO 13597 of January 19, 2012. # Proclamation 9645 of September 24, 2017, supplements EO 13780 of March 6, 2017. # On October 17, 2017, Judge

, of the

issued another temporary

restraining order A restraining order or protective order, is an order used by a court to protect a person in a situation involving alleged domestic violence, child abuse, assault, harassment, stalking, or sexual assault. Restraining and personal protection or ...

that was asked by the

state of Hawaii Hawaii ( ; haw, Hawaii or ) is a state in the Western United States, located in the Pacific Ocean about from the U.S. mainland. It is the only U.S. state outside North America, the only state that is an archipelago, and the only state ...

. Watson's decision noted that the latest ban "suffers from precisely the same maladies as its predecessor" as it "plainly discriminates based on nationality" and as such violates federal law and "the founding principles of this Nation." # Continues: EO 12978 of October 21, 1995. # Amends: EO 13223 of September 14, 2001. # Presidential Determination No. 2017-15 of September 30, 2017, is not in the White House's official website. Presidential Determination No. 2017-14 of September 30, 2017, is listed twice. #

President John F. Kennedy Assassination Records Collection Act of 1992 The President John F. Kennedy Assassination Records Collection Act of 1992, or the JFK Records Act, is a public law passed by the United States Congress, effective October 26, 1992. It directed the National Archives and Records Administration (NAR ...

() stated that the records had to be released after 25 years of the signing date (October 26, 1992). Only 2,800 records of the 29,000 were released on October 26, 2017. The next day, Trump said he would begin to roll out the rest of the records as they were processed and deemed not to raise national security concerns. On November 3, 2017, the National Archives released 676

C.I.A. The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA ), known informally as the Agency and historically as the Company, is a civilian foreign intelligence service of the federal government of the United States, officially tasked with gathering, processing, ...

records. # Continues: EO 13413 of October 27, 2006. # Continues: EO 13067 of November 3, 1997; Continues expansion: EO 13400 of April 26, 2006; Additional steps were taken in EO 13412 of October 13, 2006, EO 13761 of January 13, 2017, and EO 13804 of July 11, 2017. # Continues: EO 12170 of November 14, 1979. # Continues: EO 13712 of November 22, 2015. # On April 25, 2017, United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of California William Orrick III had temporarily imposed a block on EO 13768. On November 20, 2017, Orrick permanently blocked EO 13768 (

Enhancing Public Safety in the Interior of the United States Executive Order 13768 titled Enhancing Public Safety in the Interior of the United States was signed by U.S. President Donald Trump on January 25, 2017. The order stated that "sanctuary jurisdictions" including Sanctuary city#United States, sanct ...

). With lawsuits brought by

San Francisco San Francisco (; Spanish language, Spanish for "Francis of Assisi, Saint Francis"), officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the commercial, financial, and cultural center of Northern California. The city proper is the List of Ca ...

and Santa Clara counties, Orrick ruled that the

Trump administration Donald Trump's tenure as the List of presidents of the United States, 45th president of the United States began with Inauguration of Donald Trump, his inauguration on January 20, 2017, and ended on January 20, 2021. Trump, a Republican Party ...

can't set new conditions on spending approved by

Congress A congress is a formal meeting of the representatives of different countries, constituent states, organizations, trade unions, political parties, or other groups. The term originated in Late Middle English to denote an encounter (meeting of a ...

. Orrick found the order unconstitutional. In the judge's decision, the Trump administration's efforts to move local officials to cooperate with its efforts to deport

undocumented immigrants Illegal immigration is the migration of people into a country in violation of the immigration laws of that country or the continued residence without the legal right to live in that country. Illegal immigration tends to be financially upwar ...

violated the separation of powers doctrine as well as the Fifth and Tenth amendments. Orrick said that the order was written broadly to "reach all federal grants" and potentially jeopardized hundreds of millions of dollars in funding to

and Santa Clara. # Continues: EO 12938 of November 14, 1994. # signed into law on July 15, 2016. # Revokes: EO 11580 of January 20, 1971 (Establishing a Seal for the National Credit Union Administration). #

US Supreme Court The Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) is the highest court in the federal judiciary of the United States. It has ultimate appellate jurisdiction over all U.S. federal court cases, and over state court cases that involve a point of ...

upholds the third travel ban.

Citations

Sources

* * * * * *

External links

Executive orders
listed on the ''Federal Register''s official website
Executive orderspresidential memoranda
an
presidential proclamations
on the White House's official website
GPO's Federal Digital System (FDsys) - Bulk Data
Download multiple issues of the ''Federal Register'' or latest ''

Code of Federal Regulations In the law of the United States, the ''Code of Federal Regulations'' (''CFR'') is the codification of the general and permanent regulations promulgated by the executive departments and agencies of the federal government of the United States. ...

'' in XML.
Executive Office of the President
{{DEFAULTSORT:United States Federal Executive Orders, Trump * Executive orders by Donald Trump Trump Executive actions Executive orders by Donald Trump 2017-related lists 2017 beginnings 2018-related lists 2019-related lists 2020-related lists