Evolutionary programming is one of the four major

evolutionary algorithm In computational intelligence (CI), an evolutionary algorithm (EA) is a subset of evolutionary computation, a generic population-based metaheuristic optimization algorithm. An EA uses mechanisms inspired by biological evolution, such as reproduct ...

paradigms In science and philosophy, a paradigm () is a distinct set of concepts or thought patterns, including theories, research methods, postulates, and standards for what constitute legitimate contributions to a field. Etymology ''Paradigm'' comes f ...

. It is similar to

genetic programming In artificial intelligence, genetic programming (GP) is a technique of evolving programs, starting from a population of unfit (usually random) programs, fit for a particular task by applying operations analogous to natural genetic processes to t ...

, but the structure of the program to be optimized is fixed, while its numerical parameters are allowed to evolve. It was first used by

Lawrence J. Fogel Dr. Lawrence Jerome Fogel (March 2, 1928 – February 18, 2007) was a pioneer in evolutionary computation and human factors analysis. He is known as the inventor of active noise cancellation and the father of evolutionary programming. His scient ...

in the US in 1960 in order to use simulated

evolution Evolution is change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations. These characteristics are the expressions of genes, which are passed on from parent to offspring during reproduction. Variation ...

as a learning process aiming to generate

artificial intelligence Artificial intelligence (AI) is intelligence—perceiving, synthesizing, and inferring information—demonstrated by machines, as opposed to intelligence displayed by animals and humans. Example tasks in which this is done include speech re ...

. Fogel used

finite-state machine A finite-state machine (FSM) or finite-state automaton (FSA, plural: ''automata''), finite automaton, or simply a state machine, is a mathematical model of computation. It is an abstract machine that can be in exactly one of a finite number o ...

s as predictors and evolved them. Currently evolutionary programming is a wide

evolutionary computing In computer science, evolutionary computation is a family of algorithms for global optimization inspired by biological evolution, and the subfield of artificial intelligence and soft computing studying these algorithms. In technical terms, the ...

dialect with no fixed structure or ( representation), in contrast with some of the other dialects. It has become harder to distinguish from evolutionary strategies. Its main variation operator is

mutation In biology, a mutation is an alteration in the nucleic acid sequence of the genome of an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal DNA. Viral genomes contain either DNA or RNA. Mutations result from errors during DNA replication, DNA or viral repl ...

; members of the population are viewed as part of a specific species rather than members of the same species therefore each parent generates an offspring, using a (μ + μ) survivor selection.

References

* Fogel, L.J., Owens, A.J., Walsh, M.J. (1966), ''Artificial Intelligence through Simulated Evolution'', John Wiley. * Fogel, L.J. (1999), ''Intelligence through Simulated Evolution : Forty Years of Evolutionary Programming'', John Wiley. * Eiben, A.E., Smith, J.E. (2003)
''Introduction to Evolutionary Computing''Springer

External links

* ttp://www.cleveralgorithms.com/nature-inspired/evolution/evolutionary_programming.html Evolutionary Programming by Jason Brownlee (PhD) Evolutionary algorithms Optimization algorithms and methods {{compu-sci-stub de:Evolutionäre Programmierung

See also

References

External links