Ernst Schwarz (19 June 1895 – 14 April 1983) was an Austro-Hungarian-born German philologist who was Professor of Ancient

German language German ( ) is a West Germanic language mainly spoken in Central Europe. It is the most widely spoken and official or co-official language in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, and the Italian province of South Tyrol. It is als ...

and

Literature Literature is any collection of written work, but it is also used more narrowly for writings specifically considered to be an art form, especially prose fiction, drama, and poetry. In recent centuries, the definition has expanded to include ...

at Charles University, and later Professor of Germanic and German Philology at the

University of Erlangen–Nuremberg University of Erlangen–Nuremberg (german: Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, FAU) is a public research university in the cities of Erlangen and Nuremberg in Bavaria, Germany. The name Friedrich–Alexander comes from the univ ...

. Schwarz specialized in

Germanic studies Germanic philology is the philological study of the Germanic languages, particularly from a comparative or historical perspective. The beginnings of research into the Germanic languages began in the 16th century, with the discovery of literary te ...

, especially

dialectology Dialectology (from Greek , ''dialektos'', "talk, dialect"; and , '' -logia'') is the scientific study of linguistic dialect, a sub-field of sociolinguistics. It studies variations in language based primarily on geographic distribution and their ass ...

and onomastics, with a particular focus on the Sudeten Germans.

Biography

Moritz Schönfeld was born in Haida,

Austria-Hungary Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire,, the Dual Monarchy, or Austria, was a constitutional monarchy and great power in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. It was formed with the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of ...

on 19 June 1895. He was the son of glass exporter Franz Schwarz. After graduating from gymnasium in Böhmisch-Leipa in 1914, Schwarz studied

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) ** Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ge ...

, history and geography at the University of Prague. During

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

, Schwarz served in the

Austro-Hungarian Army The Austro-Hungarian Army (, literally "Ground Forces of the Austro-Hungarians"; , literally "Imperial and Royal Army") was the ground force of the Austro-Hungarian Dual Monarchy from 1867 to 1918. It was composed of three parts: the joint arm ...

. After the war, he resumed his studies. Schwarz received his doctorate and passed the state examination for German, history and geography in 1920, after which he worked as a teacher in Chomutov. Since 1921, Schwarz worked as a professor at a commercial academy in

Jablonec nad Nisou Jablonec nad Nisou (; german: Gablonz an der Neiße) is a city in the Liberec Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 45,000 inhabitants. It is the second-largest city in the region. It is a local centre for education, and is known for its glass ...

. He completed his habilitation in German philology at Charles University in 1923. Since 1930, Schwarz served as Associate Professor, and from 1935, Professor of Ancient German Language and Literature at Charles University. From 1939 to 1941, Schwarz was

Dean Dean may refer to: People * Dean (given name) * Dean (surname), a surname of Anglo-Saxon English origin * Dean (South Korean singer), a stage name for singer Kwon Hyuk * Dean Delannoit, a Belgian singer most known by the mononym Dean Titles * ...

of the Philological Faculty at Charles University. During this time, Schwarz headed a number of research projects on the language and history of Sudeten Germans. He was a member of the Historische Kommission für Schlesien, and from 1939 to 1945 Co-Editor of the ''Zeitschrift für Sudetendeutsche Geschichte''. Schwarz was expelled from

Czechoslovakia , rue, Чеськословеньско, , yi, טשעכאסלאוואקיי, , common_name = Czechoslovakia , life_span = 1918–19391945–1992 , p1 = Austria-Hungary , image_p1 ...

in 1948, and subsequently worked as a primary school teacher in

Pirna Pirna (; hsb, Pěrno; ) is a town in Saxony, Germany and capital of the administrative district Sächsische Schweiz-Osterzgebirge. The town's population is over 37,000. Pirna is located near Dresden and is an important district town as well as ...

, while lecturing at the Philosophisch-theologische Hochschule Regensburg. From 1955 to 1963, Schwarz was Professor of Germanic and German Philology at the

. During this time, Schwarz founded what is known as the ''Erlanger School'' of

and onomastics. He was a prominent member of the number of scholarly organizations and commissions, and a co-founder of the Collegium Carolinum. He received the

Bavarian Order of Merit The Bavarian Order of Merit (german: Bayerischer Verdienstorden) is the Order of Merit of the Free State of Bavaria. It is awarded by the Minister-President of Bavaria as a "recognition of outstanding contributions to the Free State of Bavaria ...

in 1964, and the

Georg Dehio Cultural Prize The Georg Dehio Cultural Prize (''Georg Dehio-Kulturpreis'') is a biennial award, funded by the German government's Office of the Federal Commissioner for Culture and Media (''Beauftragte der Bundesregierung for Kultur und Medien''), and admini ...

in 1970.

Selected works

* ''Die Ortsnamen des östlichen Oberösterreich'', 1920 * ''Unsere Mundart'', 1927 * ''Die Ortsnamen der Sudetenländer als Geschichtsquelle'', 1931 * ''Sudetendeutsche Sprachräume'', 1935 * ''Sudetendeutsches Flurnamenbuch'', 1935-1941 * ''Die volksgeschichtlichen Grundlagen der Iglauer Volksinsel'', 1943 * ''Deutsche Namenforschung'', 1949-1950 * ''Deutsche Mundartforschung'', 1950-1951 * ''Deutsche und Germanische Philologie'', 1951 * ''Goten, Nordgermanen, Angelsachsen'', 1951 * ''Sudetendeutsches Wörterbuch'' * ''Die Herkunft der Alemannen. Grundfragen der Alemannischen Geschichte'', 1952 * ''Germanische Stammeskunde'', 1956 * ''Sudetendeutsche Familiennamen aus vorhussitischer Zeit'', 1957 * ''Die Herkunft der Siebenbürger und Zipser Sachsen, Ostmitteldeutsche, Rheinländer im Spiegel der Mundarten'', 1957 * ''Sudetendeutscher Wortatlas'', 1954-1958 * ''Atlas zur Geschichte der Deutschen Ostsiedlung'', 1958 * ''Sprache und Siedlung in Nordostbayern'', 1960 * ''Volkstumsgeschichte der Sudetenländer'', 1961-1965 * ''Volkstumsgeschichte der Sudetenländer'', 1965-1966 * ''Germanische Stammeskunde zwischen den Wissenschaften'', 1967 * ''Kurze deutsche Wortgeschichte'', 1982 * ''Der Ackermann aus Böhmen des Johannes von Tepl und seine Zeit'', 1968 * ''Zur germanischen Stammeskunde : Aufsätze zum neuen Forschungsstand'', 1972 * ''Sudetendeutsche Familiennamen des 15. und 16. Jahrhunderts'', 1973 * ''Probleme der Namenforschung im deutschsprachigen Raum'', 1977

Sources

* Jahrbuch für fränkische Landesforschung 20/21 (1960/61) * Bohemia Jahrbücher 6 (1965) and 16 (1975) * Horst Haider Munske
Nachruf auf Ernst Schwarz
Zeitschrift für Bayerische Landesgeschichte (ZBLG) 47 (1984) 907–910. {{DEFAULTSORT:Schwarz, Ernst 1895 births 1983 deaths Charles University alumni Academic staff of Charles University German philologists Germanic studies scholars Germanists Linguists of Germanic languages Nazi Party members People from Nový Bor Sudeten German people Academic staff of the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg 20th-century philologists

Biography

Selected works

See also

Sources