was the 91st

emperor of Japan The Emperor of Japan is the monarch and the head of the Imperial Family of Japan. Under the Constitution of Japan, he is defined as the symbol of the Japanese state and the unity of the Japanese people, and his position is derived from "the wi ...

, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned the years from 1274 through 1287. This 13th-century sovereign was named after the 9th-century Emperor Uda and ''go-'' (後), translates literally as "later"; and thus, he is sometimes called the "Later Emperor Uda," or in some older sources, may be identified as "Emperor Uda, the second" or as "Emperor Uda II."

Genealogy

Before his ascension to the

Chrysanthemum Throne The is the throne of the Emperor of Japan. The term also can refer to very specific seating, such as the throne in the Shishin-den at Kyoto Imperial Palace. Various other thrones or seats that are used by the Emperor during official functions, ...

, his personal name (''imina'') was Yohito (世仁). He was the second son of

Emperor Kameyama was the 90th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned the years from 1260 through 1274. Genealogy Before his ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (his ''imina'') was . He was t ...

. They were from the

Daikaku-ji is a Shingon Buddhist temple in Ukyō-ku, a western ward in the city of Kyoto, Japan. The site was originally a residence of Emperor Saga (785–842 CE), and later various emperors conducted their cloistered rule from here. The '' Saga Go- ...

line. *Consort: Imperial

Princess Reishi Princess Reishi (1078–1144) was the Empress of her nephew Emperor Toba of Japan. She was the daughter of Emperor Shirakawa and Fujiwara no Kenshi (1057-1084). Her father abdicated in favor of her brother in 1087. In 1107, her brother Emperor H ...

(姈子内親王; 1270–1307) later Yūgimon'in (遊義門院), Emperor Go-Fukakusa's daughter *Consort: Horikawa (Minamoto) Motoko (堀河（源）基子) later Nishika'mon-in (西華門院; 1269–1355), Horikawa Tomomori's daughter **First son: Imperial Prince Kuniharu (邦治親王) later

Emperor Go-Nijō was the 94th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. He reigned from 1301 to his death in 1308. This 14th-century sovereign was named after the 12th-century Emperor Nijō, and ''go-'' (後), translates literally as ...

*Lady-in-waiting: Itsutsuji (Fujiwara) Chushi (五辻（藤原）忠子; 1268–1319) later Dantenmon'in (談天門院), Itsutsuji Tadatsugu's daughter **First daughter: Imperial

Princess Shōshi (1286–1348) was a Japanese Empress. She served as Saiō for her brother Emperor Go-Nijō in 1306–1308. She was the daughter of Emperor Go-Uda and court lady Itsutsuji (Fujiwara) Chushi. She was named honorary Empress to her half brother Emperor Go-Daigo ...

(奨子内親王) later Tatchimon-in (達智門院) **Second son: Imperial Prince Takaharu (尊治親王) later

Emperor Go-Daigo Emperor Go-Daigo (後醍醐天皇 ''Go-Daigo-tennō'') (26 November 1288 – 19 September 1339) was the 96th emperor of Japan, Imperial Household Agency (''Kunaichō'')後醍醐天皇 (96) retrieved 2013-8-28. according to the traditional order ...

**Third son: Imperial Prince Priest Shōen (性円法親王; 1292–1347) **Fourth son: Imperial Prince Priest Shokaku (承覚法親王; b. 1294) *Consort: Princess Mizuko (瑞子女王) later Eikamon'in (永嘉門院; 1272–1329), Prince Munetaka's daughter *Consort: Ichijo-no-Tsubone（一条局）, Hashimoto Sanetoshi's daughter **Fifth Son: Imperial Prince Priest Shosi (性勝法親王; d. 1354) *Consort: Princess Rinshi (掄子女王), Prince Munetaka's daughter **Second daughter: Imperial Princess Baishi (禖子内親王) later Sūmeimon-in (崇明門院), married Imperial Prince Kuniyoshi *Consort: Itsutsuji Munechika's daughter **Third daughter: Imperial Princess Tōshi/Chūshi (愉子内親王) *Consort: Kazan'in Nagamasa’s daughter **Princess *Consort: Shinsanmi-no-tsubone (新三位局) ** Prince (b. 1307)

Events of Go-Uda's life

Yohito''-shinnō'' became crown prince in 1268. According to the terms of the late emperor's will (Go-Saga died in 1272), in 1274, he would become emperor upon the death or abdication of

. * 6 March 1274 (''

Bun'ei was a after '' Kōchō'' and before '' Kenji.'' This period spanned the years from February 1264 to April 1275. The reigning emperor was . Change of era * 1264 ; 1264: The new era name was created to mark an event or a number of events. The p ...

11, 26th day of the 1st month''): In the 15th year of Kameyama''-tennō''s reign (亀山天皇十五年), the emperor abdicated; and the succession (''senso'') was received by his cousin. * 4 May 1274 (''Bun'ei 11, 26th day of the 3rd month''): Emperor Go-Uda is said to have acceded to the throne (''sokui''). The retired Emperor Kameyama continued to exercise power as

cloistered emperor A is the term for a Japanese emperor who had abdicated and entered the Buddhist monastic community by receiving the '' Pravrajya'' rite. The term can also be shortened to . Cloistered emperors sometimes acted as ''Daijō Tennō'' (retired emperor ...

. During his reign, the unsuccessful Mongol invasions of Japan occurred, first in 1274 and again in 1281. Though they established a

beachhead A beachhead is a temporary line created when a military unit reaches a landing beach by sea and begins to defend the area as other reinforcements arrive. Once a large enough unit is assembled, the invading force can begin advancing inland. The ...

Hakata is a ward of the city of Fukuoka in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. Many of Fukuoka Prefecture and Fukuoka City's principal government, commercial, retail and entertainment establishments are located in the district. Hakata-ku is also the location o ...

Kyushu is the third-largest island of Japan's five main islands and the most southerly of the four largest islands ( i.e. excluding Okinawa). In the past, it has been known as , and . The historical regional name referred to Kyushu and its surround ...

, they were driven out within a short time. * 23 November 1275 ('' Kenji 1, 5th day of the 11th month''): Hirohito''-shinnō'' was named Crown Prince and heir to his first cousin, the ''Daikakuji-tō'' Emperor Go-Uda. This was the result of political maneuvering by Hirohito's father, the Jimyōin-tō Emperor Go-Fukakusa. In 1287, retired Emperor Go-Fukakusa, dissatisfied with the fact that his own lineage (the ''Jimyōin-tō'') did not control the throne, while that of his younger brother, the retired

(the ''Daikakuji-tō'') did, persuaded both the

Bakufu , officially , was the title of the military dictators of Japan during most of the period spanning from 1185 to 1868. Nominally appointed by the Emperor, shoguns were usually the de facto rulers of the country, though during part of the Kamakur ...

and the imperial court to compel the Emperor to abdicate in favor of Go-Fukakusa's son ( Emperor Fushimi). After this time, the struggle between the Jimyōin-tō and the Daikakuji-tō over the imperial throne continued. After Go-Uda's abdication, his Daikakuji-tō controlled the throne from 1301 to 1308 (

) and again from 1318 until the era of northern and southern courts (begun 1332) when they became the southern court (ending in 1392). Go-Uda was cloistered emperor during the reign of his own son, Go-Nijō, from 1301 until 1308, and again from 1318, when his second son Go-Daigo took the throne until 1321, when Go-Daigo began direct rule. Go-Uda misasagi

* 16 July 1324 ('' Genkō 4, 25th day of the 6th month''): Go-Uda died at age 58. Emperor Go-Uda's Imperial mausoleum is the ''Rengebuji no misasagi'' (蓮華峯寺陵) in Ukyō-ku, Kyoto.

Kugyō

''Kugyō'' (公卿) is a collective term for the very few most powerful men attached to the court of the

Emperor of Japan The Emperor of Japan is the monarch and the head of the Imperial Family of Japan. Under the Constitution of Japan, he is defined as the symbol of the Japanese state and the unity of the Japanese people, and his position is derived from "the wi ...

in pre- Meiji eras. Even during those years in which the court's actual influence outside the palace walls was minimal, the hierarchic organization persisted. In general, this elite group included only three to four men at a time. These were hereditary courtiers whose experience and background would have brought them to the pinnacle of a life's career. During Go-Uda's reign, this apex of the '' Daijō-kan included: * '' Sesshō'', Kujō Tadaie, 1274 * ''Sesshō'',

Ichijō Ietsune , son of regent Sanetsune, was a ''kugyō'' or Japanese court noble of the Kamakura period The is a period of Japanese history that marks the governance by the Kamakura shogunate, officially established in 1192 in Kamakura by the first ''shōg ...

, 1274–1275 * ''Sesshō'',

Takatsukasa Kanehira , fourth son of Konoe Iezane, was a court noble ('' kugyo'') of the Kamakura period of Japan, and founding father of the Takatsukasa family. His sons include Kanetada and Mototada. After holding some high-ranking positions in the court, in 1252 ...

, 1275–1278 * '' Kampaku'', Takatsukasa Kanehira, 1278–1287 * ''Kampaku'',

Nijō Morotada was a Japanese ''kugyō'' (court noble) of the Kamakura period. Titsingh, Isaac. (1834)''Annales des empereurs du Japon,'' p. 270 He was a member of the Nijō family, which was a branch of the Fujiwara clan. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005)"Nij ...

, 1287–1289 * '' Sadaijin'' * '' Udaijin'' * ''

Nadaijin The , literally meaning "Inner Minister", was an ancient office in the Japanese Imperial Court. Its role, rank and authority varied throughout the pre- Meiji period of Japanese history, but in general remained as a significant post under the Tai ...

'' * '' Dainagon''

Eras of Go-Uda's reign

The years of Go-Uda's reign are more specifically identified by more than one

era name A regnal year is a year of the reign of a sovereign, from the Latin ''regnum'' meaning kingdom, rule. Regnal years considered the date as an ordinal, not a cardinal number. For example, a monarch could have a first year of rule, a second year of ...

or ''

nengō The , also known as , is the first of the two elements that identify years in the Japanese era calendar scheme. The second element is a number which indicates the year number within the era (with the first year being ""), followed by the literal ...

''.Titsingh, p. 262. * ''

'' (1264–1275) * '' Kenji'' (1275–1278) * '' Kōan'' (1278–1288)

Notes

References

* Ponsonby-Fane, Richard Arthur Brabazon. (1959)
''The Imperial House of Japan''.
Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society
OCLC 194887
* Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). '' Nihon Ōdai Ichiran''; ou
''Annales des empereurs du Japon''.
Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland
OCLC 5850691
* Varley, H. Paul. (1980)
''Jinnō Shōtōki: A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns''.
New York: Columbia University Press.
OCLC 5914584

External links

* Kyoto National Museu

{{DEFAULTSORT:Go-Uda Japanese emperors 1267 births 1324 deaths Emperor Go-Uda Emperor Go-Uda Emperor Go-Uda 13th-century Japanese monarchs 14th-century Japanese people Japanese retired emperors People from Kyoto