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An explosion vent or rupture panel is a safety device to protect equipment or buildings against excessive internal, explosion-incurred pressures, by means of pressure relief. An explosion vent will relieve 
The evaluation of an explosion vent's efficiency and its range of application are subject to rules. See
pressure
Pressure (symbol: ''p'' or ''P'') is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed. Gauge pressure (also spelled ''gage'' pressure)The preferred spelling varies by country and e ...
from the instant its opening (or activation) pressure ''p''stat has been exceeded.
Several explosion vent panels can be installed on the same process vessel to be protected. Explosion vents are available in the versions ''self-destructive, non-self-re-closing'' and ''re-usable, self-re-closing''.
Explosion vent construction must balance the contradictory requirements "low inertia
Inertia is the idea that an object will continue its current motion until some force causes its speed or direction to change. The term is properly understood as shorthand for "the principle of inertia" as described by Newton in his first law ...
" and "high strength". Inertia negatively affects an explosion vent's efficiency. High strength is required to endure the considerable forces that move the vent's venting element in order to open the venting orifice
An orifice is any opening, mouth, hole or vent, as in a pipe, a plate, or a body
* Body orifice, any opening in the body of a human or animal
*Orifice plate, a restriction used to measure flow or to control pressure or flow, sometimes given specia ...
. Unintended disintegration must not cause disintegrating parts turning into a missile
In military terminology, a missile is a guided airborne ranged weapon capable of self-propelled flight usually by a jet engine or rocket motor. Missiles are thus also called guided missiles or guided rockets (when a previously unguided rocket i ...
.
The evaluation of an explosion vent's efficiency and its range of application are subject to rules. See National Fire Protection Association
The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) is an international nonprofit organization devoted to eliminating death, injury, property and economic loss due to fire, electrical and related hazards. As of 2018, the NFPA claims to have 50,000 mem ...
68, EN 14797.
During normal venting, the explosion is freely discharged, allowing flames to exit the process being protected. When the protected vessel or pipe is located indoors, ducts are generally used to safely convey the explosion outside the building. However, ductwork has disadvantages and may result in decreased venting efficiency. Flameless venting, in combination with explosion vents, can extinguish the flame from the vented explosion without the use of expensive ducting, limitations to equipment location, or more costly explosion protection.
See also
* Blast damper *Dust explosion
A dust explosion is the rapid combustion of fine particles suspended in the air within an enclosed location. Dust explosions can occur where any dispersed powdered combustible material is present in high-enough concentrations in the atmosphere or ...
* Electrical equipment in hazardous areas
* Explosion protection
Explosion protection is used to protect all sorts of buildings and civil engineering infrastructure against internal and external explosions or deflagrations. It was widely believed until recently that a building subject to an explosive attack had ...
* Explosives safety
Explosives safety originated as a formal program in the United States in the aftermath of World War I when several ammunition storage areas were destroyed in a series of mishaps. The most serious occurred at Picatinny Arsenal Ammunition Storage ...
* Inert gas
An inert gas is a gas that does not readily undergo chemical reactions with other chemical substances and therefore does not readily form chemical compounds. The noble gases often do not react with many substances and were historically referred to ...
* Pressure relief valve
A relief valve or pressure relief valve (PRV) is a type of safety valve used to control or limit the pressure in a system; pressure might otherwise build up and create a process upset, instrument or equipment failure, or fire. The pressure is re ...
* Pressure#Explosion or deflagration pressures
* Prestressed structure
In structural engineering, a prestressed structure is a load-bearing structure whose overall integrity, stability and security depend, primarily, on ''prestressing'': the intentional creation of permanent stresses in the structure for the purpo ...
* Rupture disc
A rupture disk, also known as a pressure safety disc, burst disc, bursting disc, or burst diaphragm, is a non-reclosing pressure relief safety device that, in most uses, protects a pressure vessel, equipment or system from overpressurization ...
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Explosion Vent Explosion protection Safety engineering Safety equipment