History
The diaspora was reported on in a 2003 Committee for Economic Development of Australia (CEDA) research report, "Australia's Diaspora: Its Size, Nature and Policy Implications". The report argued for an Australian government policy of maintaining active contact with the diaspora. In 2005, Senate Legal and Constitutional References Committee (a standing committee) reported into the issue of Expatriate Australians and made recommendations that the "Australian Government needs to make greater efforts to connect with and engage our expatriate community". In contrast to many countries which experience a " brain drain" due to emigration, the 2003 CEDA report argued that emigration was a net positive for Australia, with the country seeing "brain circulation" as Australians added to their skills and expertise, and a "brain gain", as these skilled expatriates tended to return to Australia and new skilled immigrants arrive. Between 1999 and 2003, there were seven highly educated migrants to Australia for every one highly educated Australian who was living elsewhere in countries within the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Levels of skilled immigration to Australia reflect Government policies to "practise a selective immigration policy based on human capital criteria".Countries by Australian diaspora
United Kingdom
In 2021, 165,000 Australian-born people lived in the United Kingdom. TheUnited States
In 2019, there were 98,619 Australian-born people living in the United States. In 2001, the major places of residence were: 25,000 living in Los Angeles; 17,000 in San Francisco; 17,000 in Washington, D.C.; and 15,000 in New York. Australian migration to the United States is less than Americans going to Australia. Between 200,000 and 300,000 US citizens live in Australia.New Zealand
In 2018, there were 75,696 Australian-born people living in New Zealand. The Trans-Tasman Travel Arrangement enables Australians and New Zealanders to migrate between Australia and New Zealand without complying with usual immigration requirements.China
In 2010, there were 13,286 Australian-born people living in Mainland China. In 2016, there were 14,669 Australian-born people living in Hong Kong SAR.Germany
In 2021 there were 26,000 Australian-born people living in Germany. In recent years, the number of Australians living abroad in Germany has increased.Comparison with the expatriate populations of other countries
In 2015, 2.15% of the Australian population lived overseas, one of the lowest proportions worldwide. This ratio is much lower than many other countries in the OECD. Education levels of Australian expatriates were high: 44% of Australian expatriates in other OECD countries had a high level of education.Notes on education levels from the ABS: ''(c) High level includes ISCED5A: Academic tertiary, ISCED5B: Vocational tertiary, ISCED 6: Advanced research. (d) Overall, 3% of OECD expatriates in the OECD had no information on educational attainment. These have been excluded from the total in calculating the proportion. (e) The migrant to expatriate ratio for people with a high level of education for a particular country is: the ratio of the number of migrants from other OECD countries with a high level of education living in that country, to the number of that country's expatriates with a high level of education.'' Japanese expatriates had the highest proportion, with 50% having a high level of education. 49% of expatriates from the USA had a high education as did 45% of expatriates from New Zealand.See also
*References and notes
Further reading
* *External links
* * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Australian Diaspora Foreign relations of Australia