Executive Order 13128 is a
United States executive order (EO) issued by Bill Clinton in 1999. It authorized the Departments of State and Commerce to create regulations regarding the implementation of the Chemical Weapons Convention.
Background
The
United States Senate
The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, with the House of Representatives being the lower chamber. Together they compose the national bicameral legislature of the United States.
The composition and pow ...
ratified U.S. participation in the
Chemical Weapons Convention
The Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC), officially the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction, is an arms control treaty administered by the Organisation for ...
(CWC) on April 25, 1997.
[ On October 25, 1998 the U.S. Congress passed the Chemical Weapons Implementation Act of 1998,][ legislation which formally implemented the treaty's many provisions.][ Among those provisions were requirements for signatories to develop new regulations to deal with the transfer of chemicals and technologies that can be used for chemical warfare purposes.][Block, Dennis J., and Epstein, Michael A. ''The Corporate Counsellor's Deskbook'',]
Google Books
, 14-39 2003 Supplement, Aspen Publishers Online, 1995, ().
Order
Executive Order 13128 was signed by then-U.S. President Bill Clinton
William Jefferson Clinton ( né Blythe III; born August 19, 1946) is an American politician who served as the 42nd president of the United States from 1993 to 2001. He previously served as governor of Arkansas from 1979 to 1981 and agai ...
on June 25, 1999.[ EO 13128 partially implemented the CWC, a treaty; treaties can be and are sometimes partially implemented by executive order.][Trone, John. ''Federal Constitutions and International Relations'',]
Google Books
, University of Queensland Press, 2001, p. 92, ().[See: Executive Order 13107.] In addition, with its signing the order established the U.S. Department of State as the lead national agency for coordinating the implementation of and the provisions of both the CWC and the 1998 law with the various branches and agencies of the federal government.[Proposed U.S. Legislation- 110th Congress]
, ''Federation of American Scientists
The Federation of American Scientists (FAS) is an American nonprofit global policy think tank with the stated intent of using science and scientific analysis to attempt to make the world more secure. FAS was founded in 1946 by scientists who wo ...
'', official site, accessed December 10, 2008. The executive order also authorized the U.S. Department of Commerce
The United States Department of Commerce is an United States federal executive departments, executive department of the Federal government of the United States, U.S. federal government concerned with creating the conditions for economic growth ...
to establish regulations, obtain and execute warrants, provide assistance to certain facilities, and carry out other functions consistent with the CWC and the 1998 act.[Gayton, Cynthia M. and Vaughn, Richard C. ''Legal Aspects of Engineering'',]
Google Books
, Kendall Hunt, 2004, p. 538, ().
Results
The Department of Commerce published an interim rule on December 30, 1999,[ through the Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS), which established the Chemical Weapons Convention Regulations (CWCR). The CWCR implemented all provisions of the CWC which affected U.S. persons and industry.][ The BIS rule was published after extensive comments from the U.S. Chemical Manufacturers Association and others.][ The ]U.S Department of State
The United States Department of State (DOS), or State Department, is an executive department of the U.S. federal government responsible for the country's foreign policy and relations. Equivalent to the ministry of foreign affairs of other natio ...
issued its own regulations which dealt with taking samples at chemical weapons sites as well as criminal and civil punishments for violation of the provisions of the CWC.[
]
See also
*Executive Order 11850
Executive Order 11850 - Renunciation of certain uses in war of chemical herbicides and riot control agents.
was signed on April 8, 1975, by United States President Gerald Ford.
The executive order restricted the use of herbicides, and riot control ...
* Geneva Protocol
*
References
External links
{{wikisource
Chemical Weapons Convention Implementation Act of 1998
full text
Chemical weapons demilitarization
13128