commune
A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or comune or other derivations may also refer to:
Administrative-territorial entities
* Commune (administrative division), a municipality or township
** Communes of ...
in the
Dordogne
Dordogne ( , or ; ; oc, Dordonha ) is a large rural department in Southwestern France, with its prefecture in Périgueux. Located in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region roughly half-way between the Loire Valley and the Pyrenees, it is named af ...
department
Department may refer to:
* Departmentalization, division of a larger organization into parts with specific responsibility
Government and military
*Department (administrative division), a geographical and administrative division within a country, ...
in
Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Nouvelle-Aquitaine (; oc, Nòva Aquitània or ; eu, Akitania Berria; Poitevin-Saintongeais: ''Novéle-Aguiéne'') is the largest administrative region in France, spanning the west and southwest of the mainland. The region was created by t ...
, southwestern France.
Geography
Excideuil is located in the ''
Périgord
Périgord ( , ; ; oc, Peiregòrd / ) is a natural region and former province of France, which corresponds roughly to the current Dordogne department, now forming the northern part of the administrative region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. It is div ...
Vert'' area, on a limestone plateau between the upper courses of the rivers Isle and
Auvézère
The Auvézère (; Occitan dialect: ''Auvesera'') is a 112 km long river in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France. It is a tributary of the river Isle, which is itself a tributary of the Dordogne.
Geography
The river begins at above sea lev ...
. The river
Loue
The Loue () is a river of eastern France, a left tributary of the Doubs, which it joins downstream of Dole. It is long. Its source is a karst spring in the Jura mountains near Ouhans, which at least partly receives its water from the Doubs. Th ...
runs through the town. Excideuil is located about from
Limoges
Limoges (, , ; oc, Lemòtges, locally ) is a city and Communes of France, commune, and the prefecture of the Haute-Vienne Departments of France, department in west-central France. It was the administrative capital of the former Limousin region ...
, from
Périgueux
Périgueux (, ; oc, Peireguers or ) is a communes of France, commune in the Dordogne departments of France, department, in the administrative regions of France, administrative region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine, southwestern France.
Périgueux i ...
, from
Hautefort
Hautefort (; oc, Autafòrt) is a commune in the Dordogne department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France.
It was part of the former province of Périgord.
History
The ancient fortress dates back to the early Middle Ages, as proved by t ...
and from
Tourtoirac
Tourtoirac (; oc, Tortoirac) is a Communes of France, commune in the Dordogne Departments of France, department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France.
Population
See also
*Communes of the Dordogne department
References
Comm ...
. Its built-up area continues into the territory of the adjacent communes Saint-Martial-d'Albarède and
Saint-Médard-d'Excideuil
Saint-Médard-d'Excideuil (; Limousin: ''Sent Medard d'Eissiduelh'') is a commune in the Dordogne department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France.
History
In 1792, the commune of Gandumas merged with Saint-Médard-d'Excideuil.
Populati ...
.
History
The first reference to Excideuil, as ''Exidolium'' is found in a will document from
Aredius
Aredius (c. 510–591), also known as Yrieix and Saint Aredius, was Abbot of Limoges and chancellor to Theudebert I, King of Austrasia in the 6th century. He founded the monastery of Attanum, and the various French communes called St. Yrie ...
, also known as Yrieix, dated 572. The town has been referred also as ''Issidor'', ''Excidour'' and ''Excideuilh''. This name is made of the
Celtic
Celtic, Celtics or Keltic may refer to:
Language and ethnicity
*pertaining to Celts, a collection of Indo-European peoples in Europe and Anatolia
**Celts (modern)
*Celtic languages
**Proto-Celtic language
* Celtic music
*Celtic nations
Sports Fo ...
word ''ialo'' (meaning "clearing, glade", "place of") suffixed to a radical ''Exito'' (Gaul name) or ''Exitus''.
Excideuil was attacked in 1182 around
Pentecost
Pentecost (also called Whit Sunday, Whitsunday or Whitsun) is a Christianity, Christian holiday which takes place on the 50th day (the seventh Sunday) after Easter Sunday. It commemorates the descent of the Holy Spirit upon the Apostles in the Ne ...
by
Richard I of England
Richard I (8 September 1157 – 6 April 1199) was King of England from 1189 until his death in 1199. He also ruled as Duke of Normandy, Aquitaine and Gascony, Lord of Cyprus, and Count of Poitiers, Anjou, Maine, and Nantes, and was ...
, as mentioned in ''Rerum gallicarum et francicarum scriptores'':
:''Richardus, Henrici II filius, a patre Pictavensis Comes institutus, anno 1182 in exercitu Francorum Regis militabat adversus Philippum Flandriae Comitem. Eodem anno, mense julio, pace composita cum Lemovicensi vicecomite, duos ejus filios accepit obsides, et a Petragorico Comite castrum Petragoricum cum propugnaculis solo aequavit. Cum interim tractatum esset cum Engolismensibus et Petragoricensibus, circa Pentecosten Exidolium rediit, et ejusdem castri burgum cepit''.
'' Gui d'Excideuil'' is an Old French romance, written in the 12th century, whose text is now lost.
Population
Notable persons
*
Thomas Robert Bugeaud
Thomas Robert Bugeaud, marquis de la Piconnerie, duc d'Isly (15 October 178410 June 1849) was a Marshal of France and Governor-General of Algeria.
Early life
He was born at Limoges, a member of a noble family of Périgord (Occitania), the yo ...
(1784–1849), Marshal of France and Governor-General of Algeria
*
Philippe Parrot
Philippe Parrot (born 13 May 1831 in Excideuil, died 1894) was a French painter. A street in Périgueux is named after him.
Selected works
* ''Elegy'', oil on canvas, 148 x 106 cm, 1868, Bordeaux, Musée des Beaux-Arts
* ''Bacchante'' ...