Eva Marie Rosenfeld (5 January 1892 – 17 August 1977) was a Jewish-

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psychoanalyst PsychoanalysisFrom Greek language, Greek: + . is a set of Theory, theories and Therapy, therapeutic techniques"What is psychoanalysis? Of course, one is supposed to answer that it is many things — a theory, a research method, a therapy, a bo ...

, an analysand of

Sigmund Freud Sigmund Freud ( , ; born Sigismund Schlomo Freud; 6 May 1856 – 23 September 1939) was an Austrian neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis, a clinical method for evaluating and treating psychopathology, pathologies explained as originatin ...

and

Melanie Klein Melanie Klein (née Reizes; 30 March 1882 – 22 September 1960) was an Austrian-British author and psychoanalyst known for her work in child analysis. She was the primary figure in the development of object relations theory. Klein suggested tha ...

. Although born in

New York City New York, often called New York City or NYC, is the List of United States cities by population, most populous city in the United States. With a 2020 population of 8,804,190 distributed over , New York City is also the L ...

, Eva Rosenfeld spent her youth in

Berlin Berlin ( , ) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's most populous city, according to population within city limits. One of Germany's sixteen constitue ...

where her father Theodor Rosenfeld was a theater producer, one of the members of the Freie Bühne theatre. When Eva was 15 years old, her father died and she left school to begin her career as a social worker. In 1911 she married her cousin, the lawyer Valentin Rosenfeld (1886–1970). Valentin studied in

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and attended the lectures held by Freud. Through her husband, Eva first became aware of psychoanalysis. When they married, they settled in Vienna. Eva and Valentin Rosenfeld had four children, but three of them died in young age. The loss of children — especially the 15-year-old daughter Rosemarie in 1927 — shadowed the later life of Eva Rosenfeld. After

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

Rosenfeld opened a school for girls. Eva Rosenfeld and

Anna Freud Anna Freud (3 December 1895 – 9 October 1982) was a British psychoanalyst of Austrian-Jewish descent. She was born in Vienna, the sixth and youngest child of Sigmund Freud and Martha Bernays. She followed the path of her father and contribu ...

became close friends sometime in 1924 through

Siegfried Bernfeld Siegfried Bernfeld (May 7, 1892, Lemberg, Galicia, Austria-Hungary (today Ukraine) – April 2, 1953, San Francisco) was an Austrian psychologist and educator who was a native of Lemberg (now Lviv, Ukraine). Etchegoyen, R. Horacio. "Siegfried ...

. In 1927 Rosenfeld and Anna Freud founded (together with

Dorothy Burlingham Dorothy Trimble Tiffany Burlingham (11 October 1891 – 19 November 1979) was an American child psychoanalyst and educator. A lifelong friend and partner of Anna Freud, Burlingham is known for her joint work with Freud on the analysis of childre ...

) a school in Vienna where most of the students underwent psychoanalysis, usually with Anna Freud. Eva Rosenfeld was a patient of Sigmund Freud from 1929 until 1931. After her divorce she returned to Berlin in 1931 and assisted

Ernst Simmel Ernst Simmel (; 4 April 1882 in Breslau – 11 November 1947 in Los Angeles) was a German-American neurologist and psychoanalyst. Life Born in Breslau (Wrocław), Silesia to a secular Jewish background, Simmel moved to Berlin as a child.Veronika ...

at a psychoanalytical sanatorium. Her formal education as a psychoanalyst was completed in Berlin. In 1936 she moved to England, where she worked the rest of her life as a psychotherapist and supervising analyst; her analysands include Benjamin B. Rubinstein,

Nina Coltart Nina Coltart (21 November 1927 – 24 June 1997), a British psychoanalyst, psychotherapist, and essayist, was born in Shortlands, Kent, England. Her father was a medical doctor and her mother, a housewife. In 1940 she and her younger sister Gill w ...

and Maria W. Piers. She was further analyzed by

in 1938–1941 and this damaged her relations with the Freud family.

Writings

* The Pan-headed Moses: A parallel. Lecture, British Psycho-Analytical Society. 1950. * Dream and vision: Some remarks on Freud's Egyptian bird dream. ''IJP'' 37, 1956, 97–105. * Obituary: Hedwig Hoffer 1888–1961. ''IJP'' 1962, 477. * Recollected in Tranquillity. (Unpublished memoirs.)

Literature

* Appignanesi, Lisa & Forrester, John: ''Freud’s Women.'' Phoenix, London. 2005. * Freud, Anna: ''Briefe an Eva Rosenfeld.'' (Herausgegeben von Peter Heller.) Stroemfeld, Basel. 1994. * Grosskurth, Phyllis: ''Melanie Klein: Ihre Welt und ihr Werk'' (1987). Stuttgart 1993. * Mijolla, Alain de: Rosenfeld, Eva Marie. – ''Dictionnaire internationale de la psychanalyse'', p. 1581. (2002). Paris 2005. * Ross, Victor: Eva Marie Rosenfeld (1892–1977): Persönliche Erinnerung an eine mutige Frau. – Anna Freud: ''Briefe an Eva Rosenfeld'', pp. 33–58. Herausgegeben von Peter Heller. Basel 1994.

External links

Psychoanalytikerinnen: Biografisches Lexikon.
{{DEFAULTSORT:Rosenfeld, Eva 1892 births 1977 deaths German psychoanalysts German emigrants to the United Kingdom Analysands of Sigmund Freud Analysands of Melanie Klein