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Eva Marie Cassidy (February 2, 1963 – November 2, 1996) was an American singer and guitarist known for her interpretations of jazz, folk, and
blues Blues is a music genre and musical form which originated in the Deep South of the United States around the 1860s. Blues incorporated spirituals, work songs, field hollers, shouts, chants, and rhymed simple narrative ballads from the Afr ...
music, sung with a powerful, emotive
soprano A soprano () is a type of classical female singing voice and has the highest vocal range of all voice types. The soprano's vocal range (using scientific pitch notation) is from approximately middle C (C4) = 261  Hz to "high A" (A5) = 880&n ...
voice. In 1992, she released her first album, ''
The Other Side The Other Side, Other Side, or Otherside may refer to: Film, television and radio Films * ''The Other Side'' (1931 film), a German film directed by Heinz Paul * ''The Other Side'' a 1999 film by director Peter Flinth * ''The Other Side'' (2000 f ...
'', a set of duets with go-go musician Chuck Brown, followed by the 1996 live solo album titled '' Live at Blues Alley''. Although she had been honored by the Washington Area Music Association, she was virtually unknown outside her native Washington, D.C. at the time of her death from
melanoma Melanoma, also redundantly known as malignant melanoma, is a type of skin cancer that develops from the pigment-producing cells known as melanocytes. Melanomas typically occur in the skin, but may rarely occur in the mouth, intestines, or eye ( ...
at the age of 33 in 1996. Two years later, Cassidy's music was brought to the attention of British audiences, when her versions of " Fields of Gold" and " Over the Rainbow" were played by Mike Harding and Terry Wogan on
BBC Radio 2 BBC Radio 2 is a British national radio station owned and operated by the BBC. It is the most popular station in the United Kingdom with over 15 million weekly listeners. Since launching in 1967, the station broadcasts a wide range of content. ...
. Following the overwhelming response, a camcorder recording of "Over the Rainbow", taken at Blues Alley in Washington by her friend Bryan McCulley, was shown on
BBC Two BBC Two is a British free-to-air public broadcast television network owned and operated by the BBC. It covers a wide range of subject matter, with a remit "to broadcast programmes of depth and substance" in contrast to the more mainstream an ...
's '' Top of the Pops 2''. Shortly afterwards, the compilation album '' Songbird'' climbed to the top of the UK Albums Chart, almost three years after its initial release. The chart success in the United Kingdom and Ireland led to increased recognition worldwide. Her posthumously released recordings, including three number-one albums and one number-one single in the UK, have sold more than ten million copies. Her music has also charted within the top 10 in Australia, Germany, Norway, Sweden and Switzerland.


Early life

Born on February 2, 1963, at the Washington Hospital Center in Washington, D.C., Cassidy grew up in
Oxon Hill, Maryland Oxon Hill is an unincorporated area and census-designated place (CDP) in southern Prince George's County, Maryland, Prince George's County, Maryland, United States. Oxon Hill is a suburb of Washington, D.C., Washington, located southeast of the dow ...
, and later Bowie, Maryland. She was the third of four children. Her father, Hugh Cassidy, is a teacher, sculptor, musician, former army medic, and world champion powerlifter of Irish and
Scottish Scottish usually refers to something of, from, or related to Scotland, including: *Scottish Gaelic, a Celtic Goidelic language of the Indo-European language family native to Scotland *Scottish English *Scottish national identity, the Scottish ide ...
descent, while her mother, Barbara (''née'' Kratzer), is a German horticulturist from
Bad Kreuznach Bad Kreuznach () is a town in the Bad Kreuznach district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is a spa town, most well known for its medieval bridge dating from around 1300, the Alte Nahebrücke, which is one of the few remaining bridges in th ...
.The Afterlife of Eva Cassidy
(PDF) Dorian Lynske, ''Word Magazine'', 2003. Retrieved on March 6, 2008.
From an early age, Cassidy displayed interest in art and music. When she was nine, her father began teaching her to play the guitar, and she began to play and sing at family gatherings. At age 11, Cassidy began singing and playing guitar in a Washington-area band called Easy Street. This band performed in a variety of styles at weddings, corporate parties, and pubs. Due to her shyness, she struggled with performing in front of strangers. While a student at Bowie High School, she sang with a local band called Stonehenge. During the summer of 1983, Cassidy sang and played guitar six days a week at the theme park Wild World. Her younger brother Dan, a
fiddle A fiddle is a bowed string musical instrument, most often a violin. It is a colloquial term for the violin, used by players in all genres, including classical music. Although in many cases violins and fiddles are essentially synonymous, th ...
r, was also a member of this working band. She enrolled in art classes at Prince George's Community College but dropped out after finding them unhelpful. Throughout the 1980s, Cassidy worked with several other bands, including the techno-pop band Characters Without Names. During this period, she also worked as a propagator at a plant nursery and as a furniture painter. In her free time, she explored other artistic expressions including painting, sculpting, and jewelry design.


Music career

In 1986, Cassidy was asked by Stonehenge guitarist and high school friend, David Lourim, to lend her voice to his music project, Method Actor. This brought her to Black Pond Studios, where she met recording engineer and bassist Chris Biondo. Biondo helped her find work as a session singer and later introduced her to Al Dale, who would become her manager. She sang back-ups for various acts, from go-go rhythm and blues band Experience Unlimited to rapper E-40.When Chuck Met Eva
Jefferson Morley, ''The Washington Post'', March 8, 1998. Retrieved on March 6, 2008.
Biondo and Cassidy, who were in a romantic relationship for a time, formed the five-piece "Eva Cassidy Band" with Lenny Williams, Keith Grimes, and Raice McLeod in 1990. They began to perform frequently in the Washington area. In 1992, Biondo played a tape of Cassidy's voice for Chuck Brown, the "Godfather of go-go". It resulted in the duet album ''
The Other Side The Other Side, Other Side, or Otherside may refer to: Film, television and radio Films * ''The Other Side'' (1931 film), a German film directed by Heinz Paul * ''The Other Side'' a 1999 film by director Peter Flinth * ''The Other Side'' (2000 f ...
'' featuring performances of classic songs such as " Fever", " God Bless the Child," and what would later become Cassidy's
signature song A signature (; from la, signare, "to sign") is a Handwriting, handwritten (and often Stylization, stylized) depiction of someone's name, nickname, or even a simple "X" or other mark that a person writes on documents as a proof of identity and ...
, " Over the Rainbow". The album was released and distributed in 1992 by Liaison Records, the label that also released Brown's go-go albums. Brown originally intended to record an additional duet with Cassidy for his next solo album, but this was postponed due to ongoing negotiations between Dale and other labels for a solo deal. Cassidy's unwillingness to narrow her stylistic focus to one genre hindered her chances of securing a deal. After talks broke down, the two decided to record their own duet album. As a duo, they performed at the Columbia Arts Festival and opened for acts like
Al Green Albert Leornes Greene (born April 13, 1946), better known as Al Green, is an American singer, songwriter, pastor and record producer best known for recording a series of soul hit singles in the early 1970s, including " Take Me to the River", ...
and The Neville Brothers. In 1993, Cassidy was honored by the Washington Area Music Association with a Wammie award for the ''Vocalist Jazz/Traditional'' category.Wammie Winners
Washington Area Music Association. Retrieved on March 6, 2008.
The next year she was invited to perform at the event and chose to sing "Over the Rainbow." '' The Washington Times'' review of the event called her performance "a show-stopper." She took home two Wammies that night, again for ''Vocalist Jazz/Traditional'' and also for ''Roots Rock/Traditional R&B''. For a brief period that year, Cassidy signed a deal with
Blue Note Records Blue Note Records is an American jazz record label owned by Universal Music Group and operated under Capitol Music Group. Established in 1939 by Alfred Lion and Max Margulis, it derived its name from the blue notes of jazz and the blues. Or ...
to pair up with pop-jazz band
Pieces of a Dream Piece or Pieces (not to be confused with peace) may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Games * Piece (chess), pieces deployed on a chessboard for playing the game of chess * Pieces (video game), ''Pieces'' (video game), a 1994 puzzle game f ...
to release an album and tour the country. She sang two tracks on a mainly instrumental album. It was a musically unsatisfying experience for her. After having a potential contract with Apollo Records collapse when the label went bankrupt, Biondo and Dale decided that she should release her own live album. On January 2–3, 1996, the material for '' Live at Blues Alley'' was recorded at Blues Alley in Washington, D.C. Due to a technical glitch on the first night of recording, only the second night's recording was usable, with 12 songs released on the resulting album. (The complete set of 31 songs recorded that night was eventually released 20 years later as '' Nightbird'' in 2015.) Unhappy with the way she sounded due to a cold, she was reluctant to release the album. She eventually relented, on the condition that the studio track "Oh, Had I a Golden Thread," Cassidy's favorite song, would be included in the release, and that they start working on a follow-up studio album. Her apprehension appeared unfounded as local reviewers and the public responded positively. '' The Washington Post'' commented that "she could sing anything — folk, blues, pop, jazz, R&B, gospel — and make it sound like it was the only music that mattered." The subsequent studio album she worked on was released posthumously as '' Eva by Heart'' in 1997. In the liner notes of ''Eva by Heart'', music critic Joel E. Siegel described Cassidy as "one of the greatest voices of her generation."


Illness and death

In 1993, Cassidy had a malignant mole removed from her back. Three years later, during a promotional event for the ''Live at Blues Alley'' album in July 1996, Cassidy noticed an ache in her hips, which she attributed to stiffness from painting murals while perched atop a stepladder. The pain persisted and X-rays revealed a fracture. Further tests found that cancer had spread to her bones, causing the fracture, as well as to her lungs. Her doctors estimated she had three to five months to live. Cassidy opted for aggressive treatment, but her health deteriorated rapidly. On September 17, at a benefit concert for her at the Bayou, she made her final public appearance, closing the set with " What a Wonderful World" in front of an audience of family, friends, and fans. Additional chemotherapy was ineffective, and Cassidy died on November 2, 1996, of melanoma, at her family's home in Bowie, Maryland. In accordance with her wishes, her body was cremated and the ashes were scattered on the lake shores of
St. Mary's River Watershed Park St. Mary's River State Park is a public recreation area located in St. Mary's County, Maryland. The state park State parks are parks or other protected areas managed at the sub-national level within those nations which use "state" as a politic ...
, a nature reserve near
Callaway, Maryland Callaway is a census designated place in St. Mary's County St. Mary's County may refer to: * St. Mary's County, Maryland *St. Mary's County, Utah Territory There are 29 counties in the U.S. state of Utah. There were originally seven counti ...
.


Posthumous recognition

After Cassidy's death, local folk singer Grace Griffith introduced the Blues Alley recording to Bill Straw from her label, Blix Street Records. Straw approached the Cassidy family to put together a new album. In 1998, a compilation of tracks from Cassidy's three released recordings was assembled into the CD '' Songbird''. This CD lingered in relative obscurity for two years until being given airplay by Terry Wogan on his wide-reaching
BBC Radio 2 BBC Radio 2 is a British national radio station owned and operated by the BBC. It is the most popular station in the United Kingdom with over 15 million weekly listeners. Since launching in 1967, the station broadcasts a wide range of content. ...
show '' Wake Up to Wogan'', following recommendation by his producer Paul Walters. The album sold more than 100,000 copies in the following months. '' The New York Times'' spoke of her "silken soprano voice with a wide and seemingly effortless range, unerring pitch and a gift for phrasing that at times was heart-stoppingly eloquent." Before Christmas of 2000, BBC's '' Top of the Pops 2'' aired a video of Cassidy performing " Over the Rainbow", which resulted in ''Songbird'' climbing steadily up the UK charts over the next few weeks. Just as ITV's '' Tonight with Trevor McDonald'' aired a feature on Cassidy, the album topped the chart. Shot at Blues Alley by a friend with a camcorder the same night the album was recorded, the video became the most requested video ever shown on ''Top Of The Pops 2''. Alexis Petridis in '' The Guardian'' wrote, "There's an undeniable emotional appeal in hearing an artist who you know died in obscurity singing a song about hope and a mystical world beyond everyday life". Paul McCartney and
Eric Clapton Eric Patrick Clapton (born 1945) is an English rock and blues guitarist, singer, and songwriter. He is often regarded as one of the most successful and influential guitarists in rock music. Clapton ranked second in ''Rolling Stone''s list of ...
were among her new-found fans. Jazz critic Ted Gioia writes, "you might be tempted to write off the 'Cassidy sensation' ... as a response to the sad story of the singer's abbreviated life rather than as a measure of her artistry. But don't be mistaken, Cassidy was a huge talent, whose obscurity during her lifetime was almost as much a tragedy as her early death." ''Songbird'' has since achieved significant chart success in Europe. It is certified six times platinum in the UK with 1,840,000 copies sold. Although still relatively unknown in the US at that time, the album would eventually be certified gold there as well. In May 2001, ABC's ''
Nightline ''Nightline'' (or ''ABC News Nightline'') is ABC News' late-night television news program broadcast on ABC in the United States with a franchised formula to other networks and stations elsewhere in the world. Created by Roone Arledge, the progra ...
'' in the US broadcast a well-received short documentary about Cassidy, a labor of love from ''Nightline'' correspondent Dave Marash who was a fan of her music. Over the weekend, all five of Cassidy's albums occupied Amazon.com's best sellers list top spots. The ''Nightline'' episode has since been rebroadcast three times due to popular demand and producer Leroy Sievers has said that it is "probably the most popular Nightline ever". In December, a nine-minute segment on NPR resulted in a similar sales surge, with five of the top seven spots going to Cassidy. In Britain a rebroadcast of '' Tonight with Trevor McDonald'' bumped up sales. Since ''Songbird'', several other CDs with original material have been released: '' Time After Time'' (2000), '' Imagine'' (2002) and ''
American Tune "American Tune" is a song by the American singer-songwriter Paul Simon. It was the third single from his third studio album, '' There Goes Rhymin' Simon'' (1973), released on Columbia Records. The song, a meditation on the American experience, is ...
'' (2003). In 2008, another new album, '' Somewhere'', was released. Unlike previous albums, which consisted solely of cover songs, this release contains two original songs co-written by Cassidy. An acoustic album, '' Simply Eva'', was released in January 2011. Her cover of ''Time After Time'' was featured on the 2003 soundtrack CD of the popular superhero television series Smallville. Together with word of mouth and internet fan sites, online commerce has played a big role in Cassidy's success. This point was further affirmed when in 2005, Amazon.com released a list of its top 25 best-selling musicians, which placed Cassidy in fifth position, behind the Beatles, U2, Norah Jones and Diana Krall.


Unofficial releases

A collection of previously unreleased studio recordings from 1987 to 1991, was released in 2000 as '' No Boundaries''. This release was not endorsed by the Cassidy family and was released under a different label. An AllMusic review of the album stated that even "a gifted vocalist like Eva Cassidy can only do so much with bad material". In 2002, the self-titled 1988 album by the band Method Actor, which featured Cassidy, was re-released by the band's guitarist and producer David Lourim with Cassidy's name displayed prominently on the cover. The Cassidy family and Blix Street Records filed a lawsuit against Lourim, claiming that Cassidy's name was used in a misleading fashion and that Blix Street has exclusive rights to her recordings. Lourim had Cassidy's written permission to release the album, and eventually the cover was changed to look like the original
LP album The LP (from "long playing" or "long play") is an analog sound storage medium, a phonograph record format characterized by: a speed of  rpm; a 12- or 10-inch (30- or 25-cm) diameter; use of the "microgroove" groove specification; and a ...
while already released copies were affixed with a sticker indicating that they are not solo Eva Cassidy albums. A bootleg recording that has been in circulation is called ''Live at Pearl's''. It was recorded at Pearl's Restaurant in
Annapolis, Maryland Annapolis ( ) is the capital city of the U.S. state of Maryland and the county seat of, and only incorporated city in, Anne Arundel County. Situated on the Chesapeake Bay at the mouth of the Severn River, south of Baltimore and about east o ...
, in 1994. Copies of the recording were circulated among friends and family after her death. Some of the songs on the recording are also on ''Imagine'' and ''American Tune''.Q and A
Evacassidy.org.
Another recording from the early '90s, featuring Mick Fleetwood on drums and recorded at his restaurant (named Fleetwood's) in Alexandria, Virginia, was in the possession of writer/musician Niki Lee, the former wife of pianist Lenny Williams, 1988–1996. Lee discovered it in her garage and attempted to sell it on eBay in 2008 for 250,000 pounds (around US$491,249 at that time; ~$659,650 in 2022 terms). She asserts that she converted the dollars to pounds incorrectly and was lambasted by Cassidy fans for her mistake. On September 19, 2013, Lee donated Cassidy's lost recording, ''Eva Cassidy Live at Fleetwoods'', to the
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame (RRHOF), sometimes simply referred to as the Rock Hall, is a museum A museum ( ; plural museums or, rarely, musea) is a building or institution that cares for and displays a collection of artifacts and othe ...
. The recording will remain in the museum's archives. Two other lost cassettes of Cassidy's recordings are being remastered for entrance. To mark the 20th anniversary of the Blues Alley concert, Blix Street Records released '' Nightbird'', a 32-track double CD album, in November 2015. ''Nightbird'' comprises the complete Blues Alley concert recordings, including eight previously unreleased songs, from the night of January 3, 1996. The European version of the CD package also includes a DVD including 12 video performances from the Blues Alley concert. ''Nightbird'' was also released as a four-LP vinyl package worldwide.


Legacy

In 2001, ''Songbird: Eva Cassidy: Her Story By Those Who Knew Her'', a book on the life and work of Cassidy based on interviews with close family and associates, was released in the UK. A US edition published by Gotham Books was released in late 2003 and includes two additional chapters on her influences and success in the US. Her life story has also been adapted into a musical and also a Broadway piece for cancer benefit. A number of filmmakers have proposed films based on Cassidy's life, and have worked with her family to greater or lesser degrees, but to date these projects have not progressed past the early development stages. In late 2007, AIR Productions acquired the rights to produce a film based on Cassidy's life,Alt URL
/ref> being produced by Amy Redford (daughter of actor/director
Robert Redford Charles Robert Redford Jr. (born August 18, 1936) is an American actor and filmmaker. He is the List of awards and nominations received by Robert Redford, recipient of various accolades, including an Academy Awards, Academy Award from four nomi ...
), Irwin Shapiro and Rick Singer. In an interview a year earlier, Cassidy's parents suggested Kirsten Dunst or Emily Watson as possible actresses who could play their daughter. However, as of 2022, no film has ever been made.


Discography

* ''
The Other Side The Other Side, Other Side, or Otherside may refer to: Film, television and radio Films * ''The Other Side'' (1931 film), a German film directed by Heinz Paul * ''The Other Side'' a 1999 film by director Peter Flinth * ''The Other Side'' (2000 f ...
'' (1992) * '' Live at Blues Alley'' (1996) * '' Eva by Heart'' (1997) * '' Songbird'' (compilation, 1998; reissued in 2018 as ''Songbird 20'', remastered with 4 extra tracks) * '' Time After Time'' (2000) * '' No Boundaries'' (2000) * '' Imagine'' (2002) * ''
American Tune "American Tune" is a song by the American singer-songwriter Paul Simon. It was the third single from his third studio album, '' There Goes Rhymin' Simon'' (1973), released on Columbia Records. The song, a meditation on the American experience, is ...
'' (2003) * '' Wonderful World'' (compilation, 2004) * ''Eva Cassidy Sings'' (DVD, 2004) * '' Somewhere'' (2008) * '' Simply Eva'' (2011) * '' The Best of Eva Cassidy'' (compilation, 2012) * '' Nightbird'' (2015) * '' Acoustic'' (2017)


References


Notes


Books

* * ; winner of The People's Book Prize 2011/2012


Retrospective

*


External links


Eva Cassidy website
maintained by her cousin Laura Claire Bligh
Eva Cassidy artwork website
maintained by her sisters Anette Cassidy and Margret Cassidy Robinson * Cassidyat the
All Music Guide AllMusic (previously known as All Music Guide and AMG) is an American online music database. It catalogs more than three million album entries and 30 million tracks, as well as information on musicians and bands. Initiated in 1991, the databas ...

''Eva Cassidy: Songbird: Her Story by Those Who Knew Her''
at Google Book Search
Eva Cassidy Day Job
at Behnke Nurseries, Beltsville MD. {{DEFAULTSORT:Cassidy, Eva 1963 births 1996 deaths 20th-century American guitarists 20th-century American singers 20th-century American women singers American blues guitarists American blues singers American women guitarists American women jazz singers American jazz singers American people of German descent American people of Irish descent American people of Scottish descent Deaths from cancer in Maryland Deaths from melanoma Guitarists from Maryland Guitarists from Washington, D.C. People from Bowie, Maryland Singers from Maryland Singers from Washington, D.C. Jazz musicians from Maryland 20th-century American women guitarists