The Eushta Tatars (, ) are one of the three subgroups of Tom Tatar group of

Siberian Tatars Siberian Tatars ( sty, , ), the ethnographic and ethnoterritorial group of Tatars of Western Siberia, the indigenous Turkic-speaking population of the forests and steppes of Western Siberia, originate in areas stretching from somewhat east of ...

. Eushta mainly inhabit the lower reaches of the

Tom Tom or TOM may refer to: * Tom (given name), a diminutive of Thomas or Tomás or an independent Aramaic given name (and a list of people with the name) Characters * Tom Anderson, a character in ''Beavis and Butt-Head'' * Tom Beck, a character ...

river in

Tomsk Oblast Tomsk Oblast (russian: То́мская о́бласть, ''Tomskaya oblast'') is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). It lies in the southeastern West Siberian Plain, in the southwest of the Siberian Federal District. Its administrative cen ...

. Their historical and cultural centre is the

Eushta The Eushta Tatars (, ) are one of the three subgroups of Tom Tatars, Tom Tatar group of Siberian Tatars. Eushta mainly inhabit the lower reaches of the Tom river, Tom river in Tomsk Oblast. Their historical and cultural centre is the Eushta (villa ...

village. Eushta are especially closely related to Chat Tatars.

History

Eushta are considered to be originally Samoyedic Selkup inhabitants of western

Siberia Siberia ( ; rus, Сибирь, r=Sibir', p=sʲɪˈbʲirʲ, a=Ru-Сибирь.ogg) is an extensive geographical region, constituting all of North Asia, from the Ural Mountains in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east. It has been a part of ...

, who were greatly influenced by

Turkic peoples The Turkic peoples are a collection of diverse ethnic groups of West, Central, East, and North Asia as well as parts of Europe, who speak Turkic languages.. "Turkic peoples, any of various peoples whose members speak languages belonging t ...

and lately Turkicised. In the beginning there were migrations from Altai.

Yenisei Kyrgyz The Yenisei Kyrgyz ( otk, 𐰶𐰃𐰺𐰴𐰕:𐰉𐰆𐰑𐰣, Qyrqyz bodun), were an ancient Turkic peoples, Turkic people who dwelled along the upper Yenisei River in the southern portion of the Minusinsk Depression from the 3rd century B ...

and Tyolyos tribes formed a role in their ethnogenesis. In 9th and 10th centuries

Kimeks The Yemek were a Turkic tribe constituting the Kimek-Kipchak confederation, whose other six constituent tribes, according to Abu Said Gardizi (d. 1061), were the Imur (or Imi), Tatars, Bayandur, Kipchaks, Lanikaz, and Ajlad. Ethnonym Mino ...

arrived in the region, from which the

Kipchaks The Kipchaks or Qipchaks, also known as Kipchak Turks or Polovtsians, were a Turkic nomadic people and confederation that existed in the Middle Ages, inhabiting parts of the Eurasian Steppe. First mentioned in the 8th century as part of the Se ...

derived, who also had impact on Eushta Tatars. During the 15th and 16th centuries, the Eushta were under the rule of the

Sibir Khanate The Khanate of Sibir (also Khanate of Turan, sty, Себер ханлыгы) was a Tatar Khanate located in southwestern Siberia with a Turco-Mongol ruling class. Throughout its history, members of the Shaybanid and Taibugid dynasties often con ...

. When

Russians , native_name_lang = ru , image = , caption = , population = , popplace = 118 million Russians in the Russian Federation (2002 ''Winkler Prins'' estimate) , region1 = , pop1 ...

first came into contact with the Eushta, they numbered around 800 people. Eushta Tatars adopted Islam at the middle of 19th century.

Genetics

According to Valikhova L.V. ''et al.'' (2022), the three main Y-DNA haplogroups that have been observed among a sample of Tatars from the village of Eushta are R1b1a1a1b-Y20768(xY20784) (35.3%), Q1b1b-YP4004 (17.6%), and R1a1a1b2-CTS9754 (14.7%). The authors have reported that these lineages among the Tatars of Eushta village are closely related to lineages observed among Teleut, Khakas, Shor, Chelkan, Tubalar, and Tuvan populations, all of which are Turkic-speaking populations of

South Central Siberia South Central Siberia is a geographical region north of the point where Russia, China, Kazakhstan and Mongolia come together. Regions of Asia North Asia The Four Corners At approximately , the borders of Russia, China, Mongolia and Kaz ...

.Valikhova L.V., Kharkov V.N., Volkov V.G., Khitrinskaya I.Yu., Stepanov V.A., "The structure of the gene pool of Tomsk Tatars according to Y-chromosome markers." ''Medical genetics edicinskaya genetika' 2022; 21(12): 33-35. (In Russ.)

References

Siberian Tatars Tomsk Oblast Indigenous peoples of Siberia {{Ethno-group-stub