The Eushta Tatars (, ) are one of the three subgroups of
Tom Tatar group of
Siberian Tatars. Eushta mainly inhabit the lower reaches of the
Tom
Tom or TOM may refer to:
* Tom (given name), a diminutive of Thomas or Tomás or an independent Aramaic given name (and a list of people with the name)
Characters
* Tom Anderson, a character in ''Beavis and Butt-Head''
* Tom Beck, a character ...
river in
Tomsk Oblast. Their historical and cultural centre is the
Eushta
The Eushta Tatars (, ) are one of the three subgroups of Tom Tatars, Tom Tatar group of Siberian Tatars. Eushta mainly inhabit the lower reaches of the Tom river, Tom river in Tomsk Oblast. Their historical and cultural centre is the Eushta (villa ...
village. Eushta are especially closely related to
Chat Tatars
The Chats ( tt-Cyrl, чат татарлары, sty, цат татарлар, цаттыр) — are one of the three subgroups of Tom Tatar group of Siberian Tatars. Their traditional areas of settlement are on the rivers Ob, Chik, Uen', and Ch ...
.
History
Eushta are considered to be originally
Samoyedic Selkup inhabitants of western
Siberia, who were greatly influenced by
Turkic peoples and lately Turkicised. In the beginning there were migrations from
Altai
Altai or Altay may refer to:
Places
*Altai Mountains, in Central and East Asia, a region shared by China, Mongolia, Kazakhstan and Russia
In China
* Altay Prefecture (阿勒泰地区), Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China
* Altay City (é˜¿å‹ ...
.
Yenisei Kyrgyz and
Tyolyos tribes formed a role in their ethnogenesis. In 9th and 10th centuries
Kimeks
The Yemek were a Turkic tribe constituting the Kimek-Kipchak confederation, whose other six constituent tribes, according to Abu Said Gardizi (d. 1061), were the Imur (or Imi), Tatars, Bayandur, Kipchaks, Lanikaz, and Ajlad.
Ethnonym
Mino ...
arrived in the region, from which the
Kipchaks
The Kipchaks or Qipchaks, also known as Kipchak Turks or Polovtsians, were a Turkic nomadic people and confederation that existed in the Middle Ages, inhabiting parts of the Eurasian Steppe. First mentioned in the 8th century as part of the Se ...
derived, who also had impact on Eushta Tatars.
During the 15th and 16th centuries, the Eushta were under the rule of the
Sibir Khanate
The Khanate of Sibir (also Khanate of Turan,
sty, Себер ханлыгы) was a Tatar Khanate located in southwestern Siberia with a Turco-Mongol ruling class. Throughout its history, members of the Shaybanid and Taibugid dynasties often con ...
.
When
Russians first came into contact with the Eushta, they numbered around 800 people.
Eushta Tatars adopted Islam at the middle of 19th century.
Genetics
According to Valikhova L.V. ''et al.'' (2022), the three main Y-DNA haplogroups that have been observed among a sample of Tatars from the village of Eushta are R1b1a1a1b-Y20768(xY20784) (35.3%), Q1b1b-YP4004 (17.6%), and R1a1a1b2-CTS9754 (14.7%). The authors have reported that these lineages among the Tatars of Eushta village are closely related to lineages observed among Teleut, Khakas, Shor, Chelkan, Tubalar, and Tuvan populations, all of which are
Turkic
Turkic may refer to:
* anything related to the country of Turkey
* Turkic languages, a language family of at least thirty-five documented languages
** Turkic alphabets (disambiguation)
** Turkish language, the most widely spoken Turkic language
* ...
-speaking populations of
South Central Siberia.
[Valikhova L.V., Kharkov V.N., Volkov V.G., Khitrinskaya I.Yu., Stepanov V.A., "The structure of the gene pool of Tomsk Tatars according to Y-chromosome markers." ''Medical genetics edicinskaya genetika' 2022; 21(12): 33-35. (In Russ.)]
References
Siberian Tatars
Tomsk Oblast
Indigenous peoples of Siberia
{{Ethno-group-stub